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Hydrodynamic factors have been proved to effectively influence the high-performance heap leaching, hence this study evaluates them on column bioleaching of low grade uranium ore. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to predict the behavior of effective parameters particle size, irrigation rate, aeration rate and their interactions in the bioleaching process. Obtained results showed that the best model for the recovery of each metal was the quadratic model. The maximum values of uranium recovery at the optimum condition, (d₈₀ 5, mm particle size, 0.34, l/m²/min irrigation rate, and 210, l/m³/min aeration rate), were 63.85%. The results from the model and the experimental data show good agreement.

 

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Mercury levels in hepatopancreas, muscle and exoskeleton tissues of male and female green tiger prawn, P.semisulcatus, from the Persian Gulf were compared. Significantly higher levels (p<0.05) of mercury in female prawn and hepatopancreas tissue were encountered (p<0.05). Significantly higher concentration (p<0.05) of the mercury was also observed in summer than in winter season. This variation could result in internal biological cycle of the organism or variation in bioavailability of mercury in environment.

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Volunteers are an organization's most complete human resource to hold a successful sporting event. Maintaining a volunteer workforce and motivating volunteers to continue their activities is one of the most important tasks of sporting event managers. This study aimed to investigate how volunteers' involvement in the 14th Sports Olympiad for University Students in Iran affected their behavior. For this purpose, 157 volunteers present at the 14th Sports Olympiad for University Students in Iran were randomly selected as the research sample. Researchers collected data using the Zitsmal et al. (1996) Modified Scale of Behavioral Intentions, Doherty's community involvement scale (2009), and Zaichkowsky's Event Involvement Questionnaire (1994). In order to test the hypotheses, structural equation modeling was used. The results showed that the measurement model has appropriate internal consistency, convergent validity and Discriminant validity. It was confirmed that all variables used in the study were accurate. In the structural model results, the index for determining the coefficient of behavioral intentions was 0.44. Showed that social participation and event participation had a moderate and positive correlation with each other (0.40), and community involvement and event involvement, respectively, with path coefficients of 0.45 and 0.34, had an effect on behavioral intentions, so it can be concluded that understanding the psychological and behavioral aspects of volunteers, such as types of involvement, helps sports organizations in attracting volunteers. In this way, they can maximize the willingness of volunteers to involvement in the future.

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The purpose of this study was to compare various direct techniques of measuring attitudes toward risk. The Equally Likely Certainty Equivalent with a Purely Hypothetical Risky prospect (ELCE-PH), The Equally Likely Certainty Equivalent with a Hypothetical but Realistic Risky prospect (ELCE-R) and Probability of Winning Demanded (PWD) models were used to elicit the risk attitude of a sample of farmers. These methods were then compared and evaluated. The criteria employed were (1) sample respondent capability in answering questions, (2) means and corresponding risk attitudes classification and (3) distribution of risk attitudes. According to the first criterion, the results showed PWD technique is the best one. While there are no differences among the three direct techniques on the basis of the second criterion. Also, the findings indicate that respondent education and age, family education, level of hypothetical income and a greater explanation by other people during interview have an influence on respondent capability in answering questions. These characteristics should therefore be considered when choosing the appropriate technique.

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Spotted Amber Ladybird, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze, 1777) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is an important predator of aphids and some other insect pests. Since shape and size variation may affect biological characteristics of an insect, multivariate analysis of shape variations in four geographically isolated populations of H. variegata (Isfahan, Shahrekord, Shiraz, Yasuj) was performed based on eight landmarks of hind wing. According to the analysis, significant difference in weight matrices (as shape variable) was detected. The cluster analysis separated Isfahan population from other populations. According to ANOVA, we found significant difference in centroid size (as size variable), so that the two populations, Isfahan and Shahrekord, had larger wings than the two other populations. Distribution of 80 individuals based on partial warps on the relative warp axis placed Isfahan population in a separate group while the others had overlap and irregular distribution.  

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The fauna of the superfamily Bombylioidea was studied in Alborz province, Iran during 2012. Two families (Bombyliidae and Mythicomyiidae), eight genera and ten species were identified, of which two species, Exoprospora dispar Loew, 1869; Parageron lutescens (Bezzi, 1925), are new records for the Iranian fauna. An identification key for the species of the family Mythicomyiidae known from Iran is given.

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Various thermo mechanical processes have been studied to improve the mechanical properties of 18Ni-Co-Mo steels. In this work, the effect of interpass aneal time on the mechanical properties of the 18Ni-Co-Mo steel was investigated, using the rolling experiments. Hot rolling process was performed in two passes. The reduction of area was 30% in the first pass at 1100 °C. After first pass specimens were air cooled to second pass temperature (900°C) and held for various interpass time (2 sec, 5 min and 10 min). The second pass was performed at 900°C for 20% reduction of area. After that, the specimens were directly water quenched to retain the microstructure present at the second pass. Tensile and charpy tests samples were machined from hot rolled specimens. The results showed that grain size was decreased significantly at these conditions by increasing the interpass time from 2 sec to 5 min. This was attributed to the static recrystallization. With an increase in interpass time to 5 min, tensile strength was increased, without significant change in charpy impact energy. Increasing the interpass time from 5 to 10 min, increased austenite grain size. This was attributed to the grain growth. The results indicated that the interpass time of 5 min can be considered to obtain the maximum tensile strength.

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The objective of study was designing a structural model for organizational mindfulness: A mixed research. This study was an explanatory sequential design and ​​an applied research. In qualitative part, population were experts of management schools of public universities of Tehran, and sample were 14. In quantitative part, population were the management faculty members of management schools of public universities of Tehran (351 members), sample were 226 using two-stage cluster sampling and targeted available were implemented. Organizational mindfulness, professional learning community and transformational leadership questionnaires were distributed and gathered in 2014-2015. Analyses showed accepted reliability and validity. In qualitative part for collecting mindfulness indicators, content analysis and open coding were used. The quantitative statistical methods were exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The structural equation modeling contained one exogenous construct of transformational leadership; two endogenous constructs of professional learning community and organizational mindfulness. Results demonstrated transformational leadership had significant and direct effects on professional learning community and on organizational mindfulness. There is direct and significant effect of professional learning community on organizational mindfulness. Results also showed transformational leadership (idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individualized consideration) had direct effect on professional learning community (collective responsibility for learning, collaboration focused on professional learning). Transformational leadership also has direct and meaningful effect on organizational mindfulness (rapidity and agility, flexibility, accountability, conditional learning and development of recognition, trust and openness). Also professional learning community has direct effect on creation of organizational mindfulness.  

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 Discussion and research in different rhetorical and semantic aspects of the Quran, and especially the syntactic and rhetorical aspects, have astonished the Quranic researchers of every age. Among these rhetorical issues is the discussion of the Tanwin and its hidden intentions and purposes. This unique phenomenon of the Arabic language, which is widely used in the Holy Quran, has other secondary meanings that are sporadically mentioned in the syntactic books, in addition to its original meaning (indicating indefinite noun). By carefully reflecting on the Quranic verses, it appears that the Tanwin has other implications such as, amongst other things, magnification, reduction, proliferation, diversification, humiliation, generalization. A field survey of the Farsi translations of the Quran shows that most translators have not paid much attention to the Tanwin and its other semantic implications, and have largely meant it to indicate indefinite nouns. In this study, it has been attempted to criticize and analyze the semantic aspects of the Tanwin and its different implications in some of the Quranic verses translation by Abdurrahman Pirani et al. The results show that paying attention to the semantic and implicating dimensions of the Tanwin can be an effective step towards enhancing the semantic levels of Quranic expressions and discovering the rhetorical-semantic layers of this divine book. But this translation, along with many of its more prominent features, does not pay much attention to the secondary meanings of the Tanwin, and this has led to some divergence from some of the sublime meanings and concepts in the Quranic vocabulary.

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Comparative study of critical theories of contemporary Arab and Iranian poets can have a unique part in literary analysis. In general, new poetic critical theories are under the influence of the intellectual origins of contemporary German and French philosophies. Adonis and Shafiei Kadkani are two influential critic poets who have discussed poetic concepts and components in their critical articles and books with specific tact. The present study was a descriptive-analytical investigation into analyzing critical views of these two poets based on American school of comparative approach in the fields of definition of poetry, and language and music of poetry. The results of the study showed that the two critics have common intellectual foundations; therefore, they have some similar critical viewpoints. However, their critical approaches are different in terms of both methodology and intellectual depth. Compared to Shafiei Kadkani, Adonis has a deeper, more organized, and more daring view toward poetic categories and poetic language.

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Aims: Blastocystis is a common intestinal parasite among humans and various animals, including birds. The parasite has at least 28 known subtypes, of which nine subtypes have been reported in humans and livestock. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate and common subtypes of Blastocystis hominis in pigeons and their owners in Tafresh city.
Materials & Methods: The present study was designed and conducted as a case control in Tafresh city (Markazi province) during 2020-2021. For this purpose, fecal samples were collected from pigeons (300 samples) and their owners (100 samples). Stool samples were studied by microscopic methods (direct and trichrome staining examinations). Then positive stool samples were examined by PCR method through amplification of 18 SrRNA gene and sequencing.
Findings: In direct stool examination, 39 (13%) out of 300 pigeon samples and 18 (18%) out of 100 human fecal samples were found to be positive for Blastocystis. In trichrome staining method, 18% of human samples and 15% of pigeon samples were positive, while in PCR test, only 2.5% of pigeon samples and 4.5% of human samples were Blastocystis positive. The alignment results showed that all Blastocystis strains isolated in this study (100%) were similar to subtype 3.
Conclusion: Due to the low prevalence rate of this parasite in pigeons in Tafresh city, their owners are less likely to be infected with this parasite. Therefore, the relative transmission risk of this parasite from pigeons to humans is low.

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A passive scalar is a property that is affected by the flow field without affecting it. In this paper, first, the governing equations on the turbulent flows are solved and the property of a passive scalar in two dimensions is numerically studied. Having the values of the velocity components, the governing equation on transport of a passive scalar is solved. To compute the turbulent velocity field, the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method using Smagorinsky subgrid scale is invoked. The flow in a cavity has been the basis to validate the accuracy of the generated computer code. To ensure the compatibility between the flow and the transport of passive scalar fields a similar LES approach is used. As a three-dimensional numerical solution for a turbulent flow fields needs a massive computational time and efforts, therefore a two-dimensional simulation used for a proper saving. Instead, to validate the numerical results, the range of the Reynolds number of the flow is kept within the range of the two-dimensional measurements. Comparison of the numerical results and the experimental measurements in two-dimension reveals the high accuracy of the results and compatibility between the flow and passive scalar fields. Ability of developed scheme to accurately handle transport of a passive scalar is promising to extend LES method into the transport of more species and hence to simulate reacting flows.

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Aims: The project's primary aim is to better understand the skills and knowledge necessary for success in the architecture field, as well as to evaluate the intelligence and aptitude of those intending to pursue a career in architecture, which will ultimately benefit job counseling.

methods: An investigation into Gardner's multiple intelligences theory was conducted by employing the Delphi method and a qualitative research questionnaire, with ten experts being asked questions. By using a methodical quantitative questionnaire, this research approach provides insight into the ratio of intelligence and its sections that are either natural or acquired and determines the influence of nature and nurture on architecture tasks by mathematics calculations.

Findings: The achievement of architectural skills is influenced by the nature and nurture components in approximately equal amounts, which in the contract principles are at least 5/1, consisting of 25/49 for nurture and 75/50 for nature. Likewise, a maximum of 7/16 percent goes to management plans and interaction with clients, 75/41 to nurture, and 25/58 to nature.

Conclusion: Concerning the effects of nature and nurture, the pursuit of architecture at the academic level should be done with one's genes and characteristics inherent in a person. On the other hand, the importance of nurturing in training highly qualified individuals is greater than its counterpart and therefore should be adequately maintained.
 

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In the present paper a micro-pelton turbine with very small dimension has been studied. This micro turbine was designed for 15 kW output power and was utilized in KhorasanRazavi. To analyze and evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of physical and geometrical parameters, the turbine flow was simulated using the commercial software Ansys CFX 13 and the simulation results of the performance point were compared and evaluated with experimental results. Because of complexity of simulation and heavy computation, instead of entire turbine, just a part of it containing several buckets was simulated. A 3D transient flow simulation was applied using the SST turbulent model. In order to model two-phase flow, the standard homogeneous free surface model was employed. In the results the effect of rotating speed on the efficiency was investigated. Moreover, the effect of physical parameters: flow rate and head and geometric parameters: the distance from nozzle to the axis of buckets, the number of buckets in constant pitch circle diameter and constant bucket size, the number of buckets in constant pitch circle diameter and variable bucket size and the number of buckets in variable pitch circle diameter and constant bucket size on the performance of a micro-turbine was investigated.

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Aims: The manuscript aims to establish synchrony between the designer and the biological intelligence of nature, defining a profound interaction between the creator and nature. The practical objective of the article is to enhance human-environment compatibility. The article advocates the adoption of bioware and living tools in the architectural design process.

Methods: The research methodology is descriptive-analytical. It is a kind of applied research. The research has both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data collection methods included library (literature review) and field (questionnaire) research, and data analysis was conducted using SPSS software. the target population was the employees of government offices in Hamadan city and the studied population was 350 people from the target population.

Findings: The highest level of environmental compatibility with the audience in office spaces using nature was found in "creating indoor space with an emphasis on trees in the terrace area" with a score of 131.2, followed by "indoor space with an emphasis on trees in the room" with a score of 98.1 and "indoor space with an emphasis solely on natural scenery" with a score of 97.1.

Conclusion: The results prove the influence of nature in the form of living tools on the compatibility of the environment. It shows positive feedback from the audience. The results focus on the use of bioware and living tools to enhance a building into a natural organism. Nature is a way to connect to the roots. Therefore, it is a witness to human and environmental compatibility in office spaces.

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The purpose of this paper is a qualitative evaluation of the mechanical properties of titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) hard nanostructured coatings applied on cutting tools using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Deposition of TiAlN and TiN nanostructured coatings were carried out by a pulse DC plasma-assisted vapor deposition (DC-PACVD) and a high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) machines. At first, for enhancement the adhesion of TiAlN nanostructured coating on the steel substrate, TiN inter-layer was deposited for the all samples. Nano-indentation, micro-hardness tester, and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) were used in order to measured and compare the qualitative results with the real and experimental values. The results indicate that XRD pattern and their analysis can be a suitable qualitative method to evaluate the mechanical properties of the coatings. The lattice parameter, micro-strain, residual stress, texture coefficient, the crystal grain size and density of dislocation are used to demonstrate the relationship between the mechanical properties of the coatings and the XRD patterns. As a result, this method can be used as non-destructive and inexpensive method for quantitative comparison and evaluation of mechanical properties of thin film materials.

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Cry genes encoding Cry proteins toxic to Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera species were studied in thirty seven B. thuringiensis strains isolated from twelve naturally infested Heliothis armigera larvae. To further confirm the isolates, two groups of species-indicative biochemical tests were applied while discriminative biochemical tests being employed to figure out the repetitive strains. A PCR experiment was performed using five sets of universal primers for cry1, cry2, cry3, cry4, cry7/8 genes. All strains reacted appropriately, for B. thuringiensis, to the biochemical tests and while the reactions to the discriminative tests being varied. Based upon the results of the discriminative tests, twenty four non-repetitive strains were selected and employed in the PCR assay. Each of the selected strains presented one cry gene, at least; cry1 being the most frequently detected one (91.7%), followed by cry2 (87.6%), cry3 (50%) and cry4 (42%) but no isolate harbored a coleopteran-active cry7/8 gene. All the strains presented combinations of two or more cry genes: 20% presenting cry1+cry2, 12.5% cry1+cry3, 4% cry2+cry4, 20% cry1+cry2+cry3, 20% cry1+cry2+cry4, 4% cry1+cry3+cry4 and 12.5% carrying all the four cry genes studied and only one strain bearing a single cry gene. The cry1-cry2 combination was common in many strains (72.5%). Genetic characterization of this collection provides an opportunity for selection of strains with improved and multiple insecticidal toxicity.

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Tube spinning or flow forming process is used for manufacturing of seamless tubes widely put into service in advanced industries. The ideal flow for materials entering the deformation zone in this process is extrusion-type flow in axial direction. Very localized deformation zone which is confined by outer materials and forming tools is very important aspect of this process. Therefore, development of defects during the deformation process with undesirable flow of materials can be easily occurred. The main reason of undesirable flow of materials is choosing inappropriate process parameters which results in arising various geometrical and dimensional defects. In this paper, the effects of process parameters on formation and growth of different defects and their correlations with material flow and forming forces in tube spinning of AA6061 was investigated by using design of experiment (DOE) method. The results of experiments show that by applying the optimized values of reduction and feed rate per revolution, these defects can be controlled. Also, by comparing the experimentally measured and theoretically calculated forming forces it can be shown that the larger the deviation of measured forces from calculated ones gets the more severe formation of defects and undesirable materials flow becomes.

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Thermal energy storing technologies are a new approach in reducing energy costs, managing demand side, pick shaving and increasing portion of renewable energies in energy production. In spite of lots of advantages of thermal energy storage techniques, there are still major challenges in the path of Latent heat thermal storages (LHTS). One of the challenges is the low charge and discharge rate of heat transfer in LHTS. In the current study charging rate of a shell and tube LHTS is numerically studied by enthalpy-porosity numerical technique. Exact positioning of the heat transfer tubes and thermal fins has great impact on the natural convection flows. In this study effect of increasing heat transfer tubes (HTF), lower positioning of tubes in four tubes configuration, changing upper tubes distance and using interconnected axial fins has been studied and compared to each other. Moreover, velocity and temperature contours have been analyzed. Results demonstrated that increasing number of tubes could not solve the slowing rate of charging at the end of process and tubes need to be positioned lower in the tube. In addition, it was observed that heat transfer axial fins can decelerate convection flows and develop stationary areas inside the shell. Prediction results revealed by lowering tubes and closing them to the shell wall, introduced in this article, it is possible to decrease charging time of 0.95 of storage capacity to one fourth of similar time in a one tube LHTS.