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The promotion of aesthetical skills and artistic perception improvement are considered as significant and strategic issues for architecture to deal with. However, a vast range of influential methods are employed by architecture advisors, professors and academies for developing architectural accomplishments; meanwhile, the significant role of secondary school trainings in promoting such conceptions are definitely underestimated. Hence, Ministry of Education plays an increasingly important role for preparing the schedules in the field of aesthetic skills and basic learning. Undoubtedly, the proposed framework will provide newly training artists with cultivated experiences and creative minds due to initially fundamental trainings. Accordingly, this paper intends to study the discontinuous learning methods in high schools and practical continuous training ways in technical schools of Iran. Meanwhile it compares them with each other, and discusses whether high school trainings are effective in improvement of aesthetic skills and abilities of architecture students.The research methodology is logical argumentation and used techniques are comparative methods, meanwhile the paper tends to employ a qualitative approach. Ultimately, the result shows that continuous trainings in technical schools are superior due to practical educating, although definite conclusion requires further investigations. Moreover, the paper makes a suggestion to the authorities to pay more heed to the targeted and continuous architectural educations in high schools.

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Architecture education is one of the most important issues in public education at technical school. Accordingly, this paper compares them with each other, and discusses whether lessons in technical school trainings are effective in improvement of skills and abilities of architecture students or not. Meanwhile, the research methodology is logical argumentation and used techniques are comparative method. Moreover, the main goal in this paper is definition designing based education and its role in success of architecture students. This paper intends to study the learning methods in high schools and practical continuous training ways in technical schools of Iran. Studies and research shows the correlation between arts and promoted level of creation of students in high school. Now main problem in this paper is that “can this consider relation between educations and promote level of creativity in student and high level or not?” research methods is based on theoretical divergent thinking and four essential concepts that are involved include: 1- originality or Initiative, 2- Fluidity, 3- Flexibility, 4- Expansion and development. Research was done based on 2 case studies; a technical school, and one of technical schools that teach architecture. Results show that architectural education does have an effect on the improvement of level of creation and Education in student of technical schools. Parameters of flexibility, Initiative, Expansion, and Fluidity have critical role in this study and they are mentioned as the most important to the least important one.  It was found that there is a significant difference between control group and experimental group in the above mentioned parameters. Ultimately, the result shows that creativity practice and art trainings in technical schools causes educational improvement. The main subject of this study was to determine the effect of art training on the creativity and educational improvement of high school students and the archived results prove that. In addition, art training at experimental group results in activation of right hemisphere of the brain.

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Semantic is one of the most important features in the study of native language learning process. The study of what children know about meanings in different levels would be away for achieving how the human becomes a speaker of a language. The aim of this study is evaluating children’s understanding of semantic contribution of the universal quantifier “every” at the across-proposition level. Investigating children’s computation of the across-propositional meaning relations involving the universal quantifier “every” would thus not only be the next valuable step to consider their knowledge about the semantics of “every”, but also would make a significant contribution toward a new aspect of children’s semantic competence. In this study, a new experiment evaluates the children’s ability in inferences between entailing and entailed sentences. For sampling, 28 girls aged 3-6 years were selection randomly. Finally, the results confirmed that the competence of children is like adults with regard to the semantics in the composition and comparison of sentential meanings.      

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Coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀) is a component of the respiratory chain that is responsible for generating energy by transmitting electrons. Today, due to the increasing demand for CoQ₁₀, its production is increasing. In this study, the effect of extract containing of carotenoid from bell pepper as a precursor was investigated on CoQ₁₀ production by Gluconobacter japonicus FM10. For this purpose, at first the total carotenoid was extracted from four colors of bell peppers and then the minimum inhibitory concentration of these extracts was measured. In the next step, the effect of extracts was investigated on CoQ₁₀ production in two phases of the exponential and stationary. The results showed that CoQ₁₀ production was increased in the presence of the bell pepper extract (4.1 mg / L in the presence of red bell pepper extract). In fact, 1.5 times more than when no extract was added. Adding red pepper extract in the exponential phase also increased CoQ₁₀ to 4.9 mg / L, while adding it in the stationary phase did not affect CoQ₁₀ increasing. Therefore, it can be concluded that the carotenoid in bell pepper extract increase the production of CoQ₁₀ by affecting cell growth and increasing it. Therefore, the carotenoid-extract of bell pepper can be introduced as a suitable precursor to increase CoQ₁₀ production.

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Mutation in microbial strains to increase coenzyme Q₁₀ production is one of the successful strategies for strain development. Therefore, in this study, the production of coenzyme Q₁₀ by Gluconobacter oxydans H621 was investigated through chemical mutation with nitrosoguanidine using the response surface methodology. Nitrosoguanidine was used to induce mutations at different concentrations (2.79 - 4.21 mg/mL) and treatment times (11.89 – 33.12 minutes), which was designed by a central composite design. The detection of mutant strains was investigated through their ability to grow in medium containing 160 μg/mL of menadione. The mutant strains were then examined for coenzyme Q₁₀ and dry cell weight production. The results showed that no mutant strains were obtained at a concentration of 4 mg/ml and above. The highest number of mutant colonies was obtained at a concentration of 2.79 mg/mL of nitrosoguanidine and treatment time of 22.5 minutes. It was also found that the concentration of nitrosoguanidine was effective on mutagenesis but the treatment time had a little effect. The mutant strain that was able to produce the highest amount of coenzyme Q₁₀ produced 5.2 mg/L, which was twice as much as the parent strain. According to the results of this study, it is concluded that by inducing mutation using nitrosoguanidine, mutant strains can be generated in Gluconobacter oxydans H621 that are able to produce more coenzyme Q₁₀ than the parent strain.

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Transthyretin (TTR)  is a highly conserved 55 kDa homotetrameric protein that exists in several vertebrate species including humans, bacteria, nematodes, and plants. Previous studies have shown a direct interaction between TTR and amyloid beta (Aβ) (the causative agent of Alzheimer's disease), which leads to the inhibition of Aβ aggregation, fibrillar destruction, or both. In recent years, evidence has shown that the oligomeric species of Aβ formed by the aggregation process are more toxic than mature fibrils. Studies have shown that such an oligomeric mediator is modulated by interaction with TTR. However, the exact mechanism of binding of Aβ to TTR has not yet been determined. In this study, after the purification of human transthyretin protein, the inhibitory effects of TTR on the formation of Aβ were shown in different ways, and finally, the role of hydrophobicity interactions in the chaperone activity of TTR was investigated with the help of protein surface hydrophobicity (PSH) measurement studies. The Scatchard diagram for quantitative measurement of PSH indicates an increase in the hydrophobicity of TTR after binding to oligomeric forms of Aβ. The results presented in this research provide insight into the nature and interactions involved in the initial stages of fibril formation in Aβ and its interaction with TTR. The results showed that hydrophobic interactions probably play a role in the binding between TTR and Aβ. Considering the similarity of amyloid formation systems, the described findings of this study can provide a deeper understanding of the pathology of amyloid diseases.

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Microorganisms play an important role in formation of mines. In this research, the bacteria inhabiting in Aq-Darreh Takab gold mine were isolated and compared with agricultural soils. The isolates were characterized using 16S rDNA sequencing and the homology searches were performed using BlastN, EzTaxon, and RDP Classifier web tools. Resistance of the isolates was also investigated against arsenic and silver in the presence and absence of 3.5 ppm gold. Although the control soil showed a wide variety of bacterial diversity (43 isolates belonging to 13 genera), only 17 isolates belonging to 11 genera were isolated from mine soils including Acinetobacter, Agrobacterium, Comamonas, Deinococcus, Listeria, Microbacterium, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Roseomonas and Staphylococcus. Among the isolates, A. radiobacter, D. ficus, M. antarcticus, M. luteus, R. radiobacter and R. selenitidurans were able to tolerate different amounts of arsenic and silver in the presence of gold, among which A. radiobacter and D. ficus showed the highest resistance in such a way that they grew in the presence of 50 ppm arsenic, 50 ppm silver, and 3.5 ppm gold. Our results showed that bacterial diversity in soils containing gold, silver and arsenic metals is less than agricultural soils. It was also found that the bacterial diversity in gold mines depends on the amount of gold and the amount and type of associated elements. Due to high resistance of two endogenous bacterial species to arsenic and silver, A. radiobacter and D. ficus, have also the potential for industrial purposes in environments contaminated with these metals.
 

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The present paper studies through a sociological approach the women-oriented literary studies (research papers, books, theses, and dissertations) in the field of contemporary fiction from ۱۳۰۰ to ۱۳۹۴. An attempt has also been made to conduct a critical analysis, by examining and providing tables and charts, of research annals, their increasing trend, popular works and writers, researchers' genders, and research approaches. The findings demonstrate that social factors increased the researchers' tendency toward studying the woman-based fiction from late ۱۳۸۰s. Simin Daneshvar, Zoya Pirzad, and the novels Savushun and I Will Turn Off the Lights have attracted the most researchers' attention, and the number of male researches is higher than that of the female researchers. Sociological, feminist, and psychological criticisms are the primary approaches, and dealing with such issues as patriarchy, feminine identity loss, gender discrimination, violence against women the secondary approaches of the studies. The approaches used indicate that the portrayal of woman in contemporary literary studies, although having become more accurate, is still unpleasant and the values have been ignored.

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The medium caliber armor piercing projectiles, commonly being used against armored and aerial targets, have high kinetic energy and in practice, it is impossible to prevent these projectiles from penetration through different types of targets. So this is essential to demonstrate a solution to repel these projectiles by studying on behavior of the targets. In this study, numerical simulation of oblique penetration of medium caliber armor piercing projectile through the flat targets of GLARE3 2/1 and GLARE5 2/1 has been investigated by ABAQUS finite element software, and using explicit-dynamic solver. 625m/s and 1250m/s strike velocities and 0, 30, 45, and 60 degree strike angles have been studied. Damaged area have been investigated. To verify the solving method, an experimental equation, which has determined the penetration energy of a thin GLARE target, has been used. Results have shown that some special phenomena (e.g. asymmetric petalling, and small-cracks formation) appear when penetration occurs obliquely. This is also has been shown that lower strike velocity, and higher strike angle will result in higher target damage. Furthermore, delamination of target has been investigated.

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Once a composite laminate is subjected to quasi-static tensile or fatigue loading, some damage modes initiate and propagate in the laminate. The first damage mode is the matrix crack that forms in the layers with an angle to the loading direction. Although not leading to breakage, these cracks reduce the equivalent mechanical properties of the composite laminate. In this paper, a new nonlinear analytical model is presented and used to predict the stiffness degradation of the cross-ply composite laminates. For this purpose, a new third-order polynomial function is proposed as the Helmholtz free energy of the composite, and the appropriate equations are derived. A microscopic experimental test is designed and accompanied by the analytical model to investigate the damage progression in a glass/epoxy cross-ply laminate. Also, finite-element micromechanical models with periodic boundary conditions (PBC) are proposed and used to determine the damage constants. The model is validated against the 3D micromechanical models and the quasi-static uniaxial loading-unloading experimental tests. The validation shows a very good agreement between the model and the experiments.
 

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Eccentrically braced frame (EBF) is known as a lateral force resisting system in steel structures which dissipate the earthquake energy through the links. The importance of this issue increases when the structure is exposed to successive earthquakes because in the seismic active zones, a large earthquake may consist of numerous successive shocks (foreshock or aftershock) which can lead to permanent displacements and resistance loss in these frames. In a seismic scenario, the most damage will often occur in the link beam – as the structural fuses – and the other members will remain in the elastic region, while the link beams may fail under successive earthquakes in most of the structures and other members such as adjacent beams, columns and braces, will behave non-linearly. This paper evaluates the energy dissiption of links in high strength frames with 304L series steel link beams in an area with a high seismicity risk under different critical scenarios with/without seismic sequence phenomenon. In these links, there will be no risk of corrosion. The highest energy dissipates in the Links of EBF frames, so by examining the energy dissiption in this member, it is possible to judge the energy dissiption of the entire frame. In this regard, 2D eccentrically braced frames with a variety of materials were designed based on the Iranian earthquake design code (Standard No. 2800, 4^th version – 2014), modeled in Opensees software. For this purpose, "Force Beam-Column Element" has been selected for the implemension of beam and column elements. Brace elements are modeled using "Trust Element". Moreover, a behavior curve is defined with the Parallel material command to introduce the end elements of the link length. Also, the "Elastic-Perfectly Plastic Material" model has been assigned to the material model of the Parallel material. Link elements are implemented using an element with concentrated plasticity. To define the shear behavior of links, two zero length elements have been used, and the behavior curve of parallel materials has been defined for them based on the study of Eskandari and Vafai in 2015. Based on Hoveidai's proposal in 2019, the Ramberg-Osgood model has been used for the cyclic response of stainless steel materials in Opensees software and the Steel02 model has been used for the st37 and st52 materials. In the following, seismic scenarios with and without seismic sequence are selected based on effective peak acceleration (EPA) which has been suggesteb by Rajabi and Ghodrati Amiri in 2020. In order to nonlinear dynamic analysis of the studied eccentrically braced frames, single and successive earthquakes should be scaled based on the design spectrum. For this purpose, the suggested spectrums in Standard No. 2800 and proposed methodology by Abdollahzade in 2019 have been used, respectively. The results indicate that the amount of energy dissiption through links increases between 2 and 3 times after the consecutive earthquakes compared to the main shocks while after the seismic sequence, a lower average energy dissiption ratio has been reported for this frame. Also among the studied frames, the high-strength frame with stainless steel links has a higher energy loss of 10.4% compared to normal frames and 31.6% higher than frames with stainless links under seismic sequence. Therefore, the using of this type of material can be suggested for all or some members of normal eccentrically braced frames, especially in active zones with high seismic risk.