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This research seeks to investigate structural model of the relationship between destructive leadership with tendency to violence and deviant behaviors. Research method was correlation and with statistical population of employees of an industrial organization in Tehran city, which 292 persons were selected using simple random sampling. Research instrument included Golparvars’ (2013) destructive leadership questionnaire, researcher made tendency to violence questionnaire and Bennett and Robinson­s’ (2000) deviant behavior questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results showed that there is a positive significant relationship between destructive leadership with tendency to violence and deviant behavior toward organization and individuals. Results of structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that, selfishness and bullying along with abuse and threats has indirect and significant relationship with deviant behaviors trough the tendency to violent. Tendency to violent along with selfishness and bullying has direct and significant relationship with deviant behaviors. In other words the results of this study showed that the tendency to violence is a mediator variable in the relationship between destructive leadership and deviant behaviors.

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Aims: Vaginismus disorder is the second most common sexual dysfunction in women, and it is a significant issue in the lives of those affected. This disorder has unfortunate and destructive consequences for the individual’s health, the family unit, and the couple’s intimacy. This study aimed to compare vaginismus-specific schema therapy with conventional schema therapy in terms of their effects on sexual self-assertiveness and self-esteem in women with vaginismus disorder.
Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental research employed a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design, including a control group. The statistical population consisted of women with vaginismus disorder who were referred to the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of Payambaran Hospital in Tehran, Iran, in 2021, of whom 45 individuals were selected using a purposive sampling method, and were randomly assigned to three groups through a simple lottery method (n=15 per group). The Persian version of Halbert’s Sexual Self-Assertiveness Questionnaire and the Female Sexual Self-Esteem Inventory (SSEI-W) developed by Zeanah and Schwarz were used. The two experimental groups received treatment in ten sessions, each lasting 90 minutes, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post-hoc test using SPSS 22.
Findings: Both vaginismus-specific schema therapy and conventional schema therapy were effective in increasing sexual self-assertiveness (Eta=0.83) and self-esteem (Eta=0.94) in women with vaginismus disorder compared to the control group (p=0.001). A comparison of the mean differences between the two intervention groups and the control group revealed that vaginismus-specific schema therapy was more effective in improving self-assertiveness and sexual self-esteem in women than conventional schema therapy (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Vaginismus-specific schema therapy for vaginismus enhances sexual self-assertiveness and self-esteem among women with vaginismus by helping them identify their problems.

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The purpose of this research was to study the direct and nondirect relations between the total quality management dimensions and perceived procedural justice with organizational commitment. For this aim, 294 persons from Isfahan city organizations were randomly selected to answer the research questionnaires. The questionnaires were Brooks and Zeitz’s total quality management questionnaire with 24 items, Neihoff and Moorman’s procedural justice questionnaire with 15 items, Meyer and Allen’s affective commitment and Hom and Griffeth’s continuance commitment questionnaire with 3 and 5 items, respectively. All of the above questionnaires were translated and prepared for the first time in this research. The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were verified. The research hypotheses were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and path. The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between the total quality management dimensions and procedural justice with affective commitment. But among the total quality management dimensions, only leader vision and use of data or information along with procedural justice had positive relation with continuance commitment. The results of path analysis showed that there was a direct relation between affective commitment (and not total quality management dimensions and perceived procedural justice) and continuance commitment. Also there was a relation between perceived procedural justice and affective commitment and between the total quality management dimensions and perceived procedural justice. Finally, the implications of theeffects of total quality management dimensions on affective and continuance commitment were discussed . .

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The purpose of this study was to examine the role of writing self-efficacy and writing strategy in writing performance. To this aim, 110 Participants filled out two questionnaires including writing self-efficacy questionnaire and writing strategy questionnaire and composed an argumentative writing and a narrative writing chosen from TOEFL writing tasks. The data showed no significant relationship between writing self-efficacy and writing strategy use. There was a significant relationship between writing self-efficacy and writing achievement. Furthermore, a negative relationship was found between writing strategy and writing performance. Results of multiple regression showed that writing self-efficacy was the only significant predictor of writing performance. The outcomes of this study can help  teachers to improve their students’ writing. 

1. Introduction
Different factors affect writing in a second/foreign language (L2) such as cognitive, emotional, linguistic, and social factors (Anastasiou & Michail, 2013; Hayes, 2012; Graham & Perin, 2007). Two important factors influencing writing performance are self-efficacy and writing strategies (Ghoorchaei & Khosravi, 2019Pajares, 2003; Schunk & Pajares, 2010). Although writing strategies and writing self-efficacy are important factors influencing writing performance, there has not been sufficient research on these two variables in the context of teaching English as a foreign language, especially in the academic context of Iran, where learners' writings are traditionally evaluated based on grammatical rules and without considering their beliefs about writing and language strategies (Amiri & Saeedi, 2017; Birjandi & Malmir, 2007). Additionally, only a few previous studies in the context of teaching English as a foreign language have examined how the interaction between writing self-efficacy and writing strategies contributes to writing performance, and it is unclear which of these two factors has a greater impact on writing performance. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between writing self-efficacy, writing strategies, and writing performance among Iranian English language students. It is worth noting that previous studies have not compared the impact of writing strategies and writing self-efficacy across different writing genres. To this end, this study compares the role of writing strategies and writing self-efficacy in argumentative and narrative writing exercises.
Research Question(s)
The following research questions were formulated:
1.    Is there a significant relationship between writing self-efficacy and writing strategies among English language learners
2.    Is there a significant relationship between English language learners' writing self-efficacy and their writing performance in narrative and argumentative genres?
3.    Is there a significant relationship between English language learners' writing strategies and their writing performance in narrative and argumentative genres?
4.    Can writing self-efficacy and writing strategies significantly predict English language learners' writing performance in narrative and argumentative genres?

2. Literature Review
Writing self-efficacy refers to students' beliefs in their abilities to successfully complet writing tasks (Pajares & Valiante, 1997). Previous research has indicated that language learners with higher levels of writing self-efficacy produce better writing (Pajares, 2003; Schunk & Pajares, 2010). In addition, Writing strategies are defined as techniques that L2 learners use to complete a eriting task more efficiently (Collins, 1998). Resrach has indicated that more succesful L2 writers use more effective writing strategies during their writing (Ghoorchaei & Khosravi, 2019). This implies that these two factors are important for L2 writing.  

3. Methodology
In this study, 110 participants were selected through convenience sampling, including 61 undergraduate students and 49 graduate students majoring in English Language Teaching at a public university in Iran. The age range of the participants was from 19 to 35 years (M = 27.86, SD = 7.49), and the sample consisted of 30 men and 80 women. To measure writing self-efficacy, we used Teng et al.’s (2017) questionnaire on a 7 point Likert-type scale and to measure writing strategies, we used Hwang et al.’s (2017) scale on a 5 point Likert-type scale. In addition, to assess participants’ writing performance we asked them to write one narrative writing task and one argumentative writing task, both should include between 200 to 300 words. To achieve inter-rater reliability, two different raters separately assessed all the writings and assigned a score between 0 and 6 for each of the two pieces of writing.

4. Results
With regard to the first research question, our findings did not show any significant relationship between writing self-efficacy and writing staregy use (r = -.072). Then, we examined the relations between self-efficacy and writing performance. Results indicated a positive correlation between self-efficacy and narrative writing performance (r = .282) as well as between self-efficacy and argumentative writing performance (r = .223). Interestingly, with regard to the third research question, we found negative correlations between writing strategies and both narrative writing (r = -.311) and argumentative writing (r = -.273) tasks. Finally, we found that while self-efficacy was a positive predictor of narrative and argumentative tasks, writing strategy use was a negative predictor of narrative and argumentative tasks
 

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In this paper flutter phenomena for a cropped wing with an external store using numerical and experimental methods in a subsonic and incompressible flight regime has been studied. Wing structure was modeled base on von Karman plate theory. A 3D time domain unsteady vortex lattice method was used for wing aerodynamic model and a slender body aerodynamic theory was used for store aerodynamic model. Finally, the aeroelastic governing equations with considering vibratory wing motion has been solved. The experimental tests were performed in an incompressible subsonic wind tunnel. Comparison of experimental results with theoretical analysis shows good agreement with each other especially in calculation of aeroelastic behavior of the wing. In continue, the effects of some parameters such as wing thickness, wing aspect ratio, store position, weight of the store, aerodynamic of the store, store vertical distance from under wing, and center of mass of the store on both flutter speed and instability boundary of the wing have been studied analytically and experimentally. The results show with both increasing aspect ratio and decreasing wing thickness, flutter speed will be decreased. Moreover, change in store position effects on flutter speed of the wing/store configuration. Aerodynamic of the store has no significant effect on flutter speed of the wing/store configuration and increasing store weight leads to increasing flutter speed. Change in center of mass of the store influences on flutter speed.

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 The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), is one of the important polyphagous pests causing serious loss to many economically important crops in Iran. The goal of this experiment was to study the age-stage, two-sex life table of H. armigera on different bean cultivars including white kidney bean (cultivars Daneshkadeh, Pak, and Shokufa), red kidney bean (cultivars Akhtar, Naz, and Sayyad) and common bean (cultivar Talash) under laboratory conditions (25±1^ºC, 65±5% RH, a 16:8 h light-dark photoperiod). The longest and shortest larval period and development time of total pre-adult H. armigera were 19.83±3.83 and 37.58±0.90 days on red kidney bean Akhtar, respectively, and 14.13±0.32 and 31.82±0.42 days on white kidney bean Pak, respectively. The lowest intrinsic rate of increase (r) was on red kidney bean Akhtar (0.115±0.009 day^-1) and the highest on white kidney bean Pak and common bean Talash (0.142±0.001 day^-1). The lowest and highest values of the net reproductive rate (R₀) were on red kidney bean Akhtar (177.3±6.7 offspring) and white kidney bean Shokufa (270.1±6.7 offspring), respectively. The mean generation time (T) on different bean cultivars ranged from 37.03±0.05 to 44.64±0.07 days, which was shortest on white kidney bean Pak and longest on red kidney bean Akhtar. The results revealed that the cultivar Akhtar was the most unsuitable host for population growth of H. armigera.

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Large amount of diesel engine waste heats make researchers design systems that utilize the engine waste heat to provide the cooling demand of the heavy-duty vehicles and improve the engine efficiency. Considerable advantages of adsorption cooling system lead to be nominated for this purpose. Coolant and exhaust gases are the main sources of waste heats of diesel engines and using each of them to drive the adsorption cooling system requires its own equipment and working pair. In this paper, a detailed numerical model has been developed and to examine the performance of the cooling system driven by the coolant waste heat with working pair of silica gel-water and also driven by exhaust waste heat with zeolite13x-water working pair. An identical absorbent bed and ambient conditions have been employed to compare the performance of both systems to identify the more appropriate system. The results show that exhaust driven adsorption cooling system has more capability to meet the vehicle cooling demand. Moreover, the performance of the both adsorption cooling systems were examined under variable ambient condition. Results indicate that increase in ambient temperature leads to almost a linear performance drop in both systems that is more considerable in the coolant- driven adsorption system.

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The considerable amount of internal combustion engine waste heat through exhaust gases and the capability of adsorption cooling system to be driven by waste heats cause adsorption cooling systems to be interesting for vehicle air conditioning. Low specific cooling power of these systems leads them to be bulkier with respect to other cooling systems. Therefore, practical use of these system has been a challenge. One of the methods to enhance the system performance is adsorber bed optimization which is only feasible by numerical simulations. Hence, an exhaust waste heat driven adsorption cooling system with longitudinal finned-tube adsorber is simulated three dimensionally and considering heat and mass transfer details. Also, both the intra-particle and inter-particle mass transfer resistance has been taken into account in governing equations in order to study the effect of adsorbent particle diameter on the system performance. Results show that among the examined geometrical configurations, bed with 20 fin numbers and fin height of 10 mm is the optimum case corresponding to the maximum specific cooling power. In addition, adsorbent particle diameter in the range of 0.3-0.4 mm is the most suitable diameter for the adsorber bed packed with zeolite13x grains.

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In the present study, for the first time, adsorbent bed of SWS-1L/water adsorption chiller with rectangular and trapezoidal finned flat-tube heat exchanger with has been simulated three dimensionally based on the distributed parameters model and finite volume method. Effects of some important parameters on the chiller performance such as bed averaged pressure, temperature and uptake variations with cycle time have been examined for better understanding of bed dynamic behavior. Also, a comparative study between two different configurations of adsorbent bed including rectangular and trapezoidal fins has been conducted based on identical adsorbent mass. For this purpose, bed temperature, uptake and pressure distributions as well as the vapor flow patterns at the end of heating cycle phases and also effects of fin height and spacing on the system performance have been studied. In this investigation at fixed bed length of 20mm, fin height and spacing variations have been examined in the range of 8-20mm and 3-12mm, respectively. Results indicated that the system performance with rectangular and trapezoidal adsorbent beds are almost similar except for those conditions which fin spacing is 3mm and fin height are 14, 20mm. For the mentioned dimensions, the specific cooling power (SCP) of rectangular beds are almost 5% and 17% (for fin heights of 14 and 20mm, respectively) better than those of trapezoidal beds. Maximum and minimum SCP of adsorption chiller with flat-tube heat exchanger were obtained about 882 and 163W/kg for the smallest and the largest bed geometry and operating conditions considered in this study.

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In the present study, adsorbent bed of an adsorption chiller with finned flat-tube heat exchanger has been simulated three dimensionally based on the heat and mass transfer model with finite volume method. To examine the inter-particle mass transfer resistance effects on the system performance parameters, two different configurations of adsorbent bed including rectangular and trapezoidal fins with identical length and adsorbent mass have been considered and the effects of bed length on the system performance for different fin height and fin pitch have been studied. Moreover, effects of bed length for different particle diameters and also heating source temperatures have been investigated. Results indicated that increasing of bed length (or in the other words increasing of inter-particle resistance) increases and decreases cycle time and specific cooling power, respectively, yet the coefficient of performance is not influenced. Also, increasing bed length reduces the difference between specific cooling power of rectangular and trapezoidal beds if there is any. Moreover it is clear that optimum particles size increase with bed length increase. Finally, it is shown that effect of higher heating fluid temperature on specific cooling power improvement for beds with smaller length is more significant than those with longer length.