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This research has tried to define a new approach to translator’s role as intercultural mediator supported by the theories of Sapir and Whorf in anthropologies to find a right perception of interactional relation between language and cultural, which affects translator’s understanding of the reality. To achieve this, a Meta model was proposed that could help the mediator/translator to realize consciously the cultural reality hidden in the text in order to create a meaningful text, which is closer to the main concept of the source text.

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In developing countries, innovation is less than expectation, so these countries require to consider a different development paradigm such as learning economy that focus on active learning and the “doing, using and interacting” innovation approach for introducing the required context for creating and diffusing informal interaction that may result to technical knowledge acquisition. In this paper, the effective factors on Iran’s transition to learning economy have been identified. Research approach is inductive and qualitative and themes and components have been identifies based on grounded theory. By considering the importance and role of organization in relation with determined themes and components, organizational implications for Iran’s transition to learning economy include learning organization, organizational unlearning, policy learning and organizational capacity, and absorptive capacity and organizational capability have been investigated.    
 

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The rise of bacterial infections has become a serious problem in human societies. As a result, the development of nanocomposite materials based on biocompatible and non-hazardous materials, besides having antimicrobial and biocompatibility or non-cytotoxicity, associated with unique structural properties, possesses a great importance. Research approach: In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC)/polypyrrole (PPy) and zinc nanoparticles (ZnO), which simultaneously have antimicrobial properties and cell proliferation, were introduced as a new generation of nanocomposite scaffolds produced by freeze-drying. To begin with, ZnO with different weight percentages of 1%, 3% and 5% was added to BC and then PPy in the amount of 2 mmol was embedded in the structure by in situ polymerization. FESEM images proved that the nanofibrous and porous structure of BC was also preserved in the presence of PPy and ZnO. However, after adding PPy and ZnO, they formed a dense structure and microstructure of grape clusters. By adding 2 mmol PPy into BC and upon in situ synthesizing, the tensile strength and Young modulus of BC were significantly reduced to 71 MPa and 2.5 GPa, respectively. On the other hand, with the addition of ZnO nanoparticles, the mechanical properties significantly increased (both of Young modulus and tensile strength compared to BC/PPy samples) due to the compaction of the nanocomposite aerogel’s structure and the formation of the interface of ZnO nanoparticles with both polymers of BC and PPy. The observation of the inhibition zone in the culture medium containing two gram-positive and negative bacteria, well proved the antibacterial ability of ternary nanocomposite scaffolds. The results of MT9 related to L929 on aerogels showed that by adding 3% of ZnO nanoparticles, adhesion and cell proliferation increased significantly during different days of 1 day, 5 days and 7 days of culture.

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Sustainable competitive advantage is crucial for organizations to survive in modern competitive environment. Since competitive advantage based on creativity is one of the most crucial factors for the survival of current organizations, factors influencing organizational creativity processes should be considered at organizational decision-making level. As many people and factors are involved in organizational creativity, decision-making becomes complex and unstructured real world issues with chaotic systems behavior, and consequently, hard operation research methods are not able to represent and solve it properly.  Soft system methodology is one operation research’s methods applied to represent, structure and solve complex problems. Therefore, in this study, which is part of a PhD thesis, in addition to explaining the soft system methodology’s steps, we describe how the first four stages of the Checkland soft system methodology were applied to represent and structure the sustainable organizational creativity problem in detail. The conceptual model was created based on information gathered from experts and specialists in organized meetings and in-depth interviews who were exposed to data previously collected in reviewing individual, group and organizational creativity existing research results. At the end of these meetings and interviews we designed and developed a rich picture, root definitions, CATWOE analysis and the conceptual model for organizational creativity.

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The purpose of the paper was to design a sustainable leadership model in crisis response from COVID-19 for resilience in food industry jobs of Guilan Province. This research in the field of interpretive paradigm is a qualitative research of an inductive approach, and it is based on Grounded Theory.The statistical population is the managers of line and staff departments in companies and food production factories of Guilan province. In this study, purposeful sampling was used to select the sample. According to the saturation rule, this was achieved by using 15 interviews, and for more confidence, the interview was continued until the 20th. Data were analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding to classify concepts and categories. Core category was capacity building for sustainable leadership in the crisis response from COVID-19 and in three foundational, motivational measures and evaluation and control and causal conditions, context, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences at three levels of customers, employers and organizations were and the final model was presented. Managers' practices in crisis situations play a pivotal role in identifying opportunities, threats, and strengths and weaknesses, and managers must have a strong link between fundamental, motivational measures, and evaluation and control in order to effectively implement strategies in crisis. The results of research in the field of crisis response from COVID-19 in food industry jobs will present theoretical innovations and help employers, researchers in the field of food industry to better understand the pattern of sustainable leadership in the coping of the crisis.

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This study aims to compare effects of sources levels of zinc on growth and carcass quality, some haematological and serological indices of juvenile beluga sturgeon, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758). A number of 315 juvenile beluga sturgeon (8.4±0.29) were fed in 21 500 lit fiberglass tanks (15 fish per tank) under 7 experimental diets including 1 control diet plus 6 diets containing zinc (mg per kg of diet) in two forms of mineral (zinc sulfate) (ZnSul₁₅, ZnSul_30, and ZnSul₆₀ treatments) and organic (chelated with methionine) (ZnMet_15, ZnMet₃₀, and ZnMet₆₀ treatments) with three replications per treatment for 12 weeks. The best values of final weight and feed conversion ratio were observed in the ZnMet₁₅ and ZnMet₆₀ treatments_. Red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit showed an incremental trend influenced by increased zinc supplement. Increased carcass protein in the ZnMet₃₀ treatment was significant compared to the control, ZnSul₁₅, and, ZnSul₃₀ treatments (P≤0.05). Reduced carcass lipid in the ZnSul₃₀ and ZnSul₆₀ treatments was significant compared to the other treatments (P≤0.05). Serum triglyceride and cholesterol decreased in the ZnMet treatments compared to the control treatment. Reduced serum glucose in the ZnMet₁₅ and ZnMet₆₀ treatments and also increased serum lysozyme in the ZnMet₃₀ and ZnMet₆₀ treatments were significant compared to the control treatment (P≤0.05). Results demonstrated that most of the indices had better performance in the ZnMet treatments comparted to the other treatments and are proposed as an optimal diet for juvenile beluga sturgeon.
 

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In this paper the impacts of oil price fluctuations on the household welfare for different income groups have been studied using computational general equilibrium model. Equivalent Variation (EV) criterion is also used to evaluate changes in household welfare. The results show that oil price fluctuation has a greater impact on income, expenditure and welfare of urban households compared with the rural ones. In other words, dependence of urban household income on oil price is stronger in comparison to the rural ones. It has also been revealed that an oil price increase is more effective than the price reduction on household welfare, income and expenditure.  Ratio of EV to total expenditure is almost the same for the poor and rich households, implying that both of them suffer a percentage of welfare loss in the same way.

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In order to engage students in higher-level thinking, cognitive activation (CA) strategies have been advanced and utilized in mathematics. CA develops when learners are challenged, confronted with conflicts, asked to think and explain clearly on their learning, and realize connections between new and previous content. Extending the theme to English language teaching (ELT), this study investigated Iranian English language teachers’ knowledge and practice of cognitive activation writing strategies (CAWS). In so doing, a model was proposed based on a questionnaire that was developed and validated in the present study. Through this scale, knowledge and practice of CAWS by 213 English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers were explored. During a pilot phase, the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated to be .78 for the knowledge section and .81 for the practice section. Two items in each section were removed after conducting exploratory factor analysis. Ultimately, the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the proposed model was fit for the data. Five components were confirmed as constituents of CAWS for the knowledge section, and four components were identified for the practice section. The findings revealed that Iranian EFL teachers were already familiar with the CAWS and purportedly practiced them in their writing classes. Using the scale in the process of writing instruction can provide ELT practitioners with a helpful platform for relating to CA strategies and empowers learners to accomplish tasks such as problem-solving in their writing assignments, similar to what is practiced in mathematics.

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Information systems security (ISS) is a critical issue that organizations face world wide. Information systems security involves both technology and people (human factors). The focus in most researches on information systems’, security as a technical issue has dominated ISS researches and practices. Lately, a new paradigm is emerging, addressing it as a “people issue” and an “organizational issue”. In that paradigm, people are the weakest element in the information systems security. The present research takes a different perspective on ISS by focusing on “behavioral information security” and with considering the general lack of empirical research and the importance of information security to modern organizations, it presents a managerial framework for explore the role of human factors in ISS. Specifically the purpose of this research was to identify and model the critical managerial constructs that mostly influence the effectiveness of ISS. The methodology of this study combines both qualitative and quantitative research techniques. Through a qualitative technique and investigating the research literature, identified key constructs in information systems security were identified. Then developed mod was based on the effects of these constructs on the information systems’ security effectiveness. Then based on the research literature and scholars ideas, a questionnaire was developed and distributed in some organizations. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS and LISREL software. The results of empirical analysis supported and validated the model.

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Lexical bundle research has recently come to the forefront of corpus-driven studies. Previous corpus studies have documented conflicting results regarding the frequency and function of lexical bundles (LBs) in academic prose. To date, however, no study has exclusively investigated LBs in the "discussion" sections of research articles generated by professional native English authors. The current study addressed this gap by examining the frequency, structure, and function of the most frequent four-word LBs. The corpus was composed of the discussions of published research papers authored by native (L1) writers. The data were extracted from five reputable international journals in the field of applied linguistics, consisting of over 300,000 words. Using AntConc, all the lexical sequences were retrieved with a frequency of 10 and a range of 5. The results revealed that LBs were predominantly used by English writers. Structurally, it was found that phrasal bundles were the most frequent in our corpus. The findings also demonstrated that functionally, referential bundles were extensively employed. In addition, stance bundles and discourse organizing bundles were the most prevalent after referential bundles. Finally, the findings are discussed in terms of the implications for non-native writers regarding the use of LBs in academic prose.
1. Introduction
Since research articles (RAs) are an indispensable part of academia, writing a highly qualified paper entails the competent deployment of linguistic features. The current study investigated a particular type of morphological feature dubbed “lexical bundles” (LBs), which refer to frequently-occurring word combinations. With the growing interest in this area, some corpus-driven studies have examined LBs across different academic genres (Biber, Conrad, & Cortes, 2004), academic registers (Biber, & Barbieri, 2007), disciplines (Cortes, 2006; Durrant, 2017), expertise levels (Staples, Egbert, Biber, & McClair, 2013), L1 versus L2 writing (Ädel & Erman, 2012; Esfandiari, & Barbary, 2017), and rhetorical moves (Alamri, 2020). The findings of prior research on L1 and L2 writing have illustrated inconclusive results concerning the function and frequency of LBs. For instance, Ädel and Erman (2012) observed that native English writers relied on LBs to a greater extent than non-native writers. However, there have been corpus-based studies indicating that non-native writers utilized LBs with a higher frequency than their English counterparts (Bychkovska & Lee, 2017; Pan, Reppen, & Biber, 2016). By the same token, the frequency of functional patterns of LBs has been found to vary in a number of previous corpus studies (e.g., Ädel & Erman, 2012; Bychkovska & Lee, 2017). This study was set out to contribute to this path of inquiry by investigating the frequency, structure, and function of the most frequent four-word LBs in a corpus of 'discussion' sections of RAs written by native English academic writers in applied linguistics.

1.1. Research Questions
1. What are the frequently used four-word lexical bundles in research articles' discussions written by native English academic authors in applied linguistics?
2. What are the structural and functional properties of these frequently used four-word lexical bundles?
2. Literature Review
2.1 Frequency of LBs
Frequency is the most basic attribute of LBs since a multi-word sequence ought to have the requisite frequency threshold to be considered as a bundle. Depending on the size of a corpus, the frequency threshold might vary from 10 (Biber et al., 1999) to 40 times per million words (pmw) (Pan et al., 2016). A variety of occurrences have been identified to be used by authors in preceding bundle studies in L1 and L2 writing. As an example, Esfandiary and Barbary (2017) observed that English academic authors used significantly more LBs than Persian writers. Conversely, Bychkovska and Lee (2017) found that Chinese undergraduate students used more LBs in their essays than English students did.

2.2 Range of LBs
Range or dispersion is another criterion for identifying LBs. Similar to frequency, the range threshold varies depending on the corpus size. For instance, Adel and Erman (2012) set the low dispersion threshold of 'three' thanks to the size of the corpus, while for a corpus of 176 texts, the range threshold was set at 20 by Biber and Barbieri (2007).

2.3 Structure and Function of LBs
LBs fall into different structural and functional patterns. Following Biber et al.'s (2004) functional and structural taxonomies, LBs were structurally classified into three categories: NP/PP based bundles (phrasal bundles), VP-based bundles, and Dependent clause bundles. Functionally, they serve three primary functions, namely stance bundles, discourse organizing bundles, and referential bundles. Previous research has shown varying results regarding the frequency of stance expressions and discourse organizers in L1 writing.
3. Methodology
3.1 Corpus
The present study used a corpus of research article discussions produced by native English academic writers in applied linguistics. The RAs were extracted from five highly-ranked international journals (Language Learning, Applied Linguistics, TESOL Quarterly, Studies in Second Language Acquisition, and Second Language Writing). The corpus was composed of 243 discussion sections published between 2005 and 2019.

3.2 Bundle identification procedure
In the initial stage, the discussions were removed from all non-textual content (i.e. plain texts). Using AntConc (3.5.8.0), a list of four-word LBs with a frequency of 10 and a range of 5 were retrieved. Then, the LBs were structurally and functionally analyzed based on Biber et al.'s (2004) structural and functional taxonomy.

4. Results
After retrieval, 142 types and 2,637 tokens of LBs were found to be used in the discussions, suggesting the prevalence of LBs in the academic prose of native English writers. The most frequent LBs found in the corpus were in the present study, in the current study, in the case of, it is possible that, the results of the, and on the other hand, which occurred over 50 times across the corpus. Structurally, most LBs were phrasal bundles consisting of NP-based and PP-based bundles. The functional analysis revealed that referential bundles accounted for 60.6% of all LBs.
 

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In this article, effect of axial angle of injection nozzles on the flow field structure in a Low-Pressure vortex tube has been investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. Numerical results of compressible and turbulent flows are derived by using the standard k-ε turbulence model. The dimensions of studied vortex tubes are kept the same for all models and the performance of machine is studied under 6 different axial angles (β) of nozzles. Achieving to a minimum cold exit temperature is the main goal of this numerical research. Our investigation shows that utilizing this kind of nozzle changes the energy separation and flow characteristic. Considering total pressure of cold flow, a new parameter, ξ is defined and results shows that changing the amount of ξ can affect the cold exit temperature directly. Finally, some results of the CFD models are validated by the available experimental data which show reasonable agreement.

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In the PEM fuel cells, gas phase (air and vapour) and liquid water could simultaneously flow through the cathode Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL). On the other hand, the performance of fuel cell and the main characteristic parameters of the flow can be influenced by the interaction of these gas and liquid phases. In the present study, the main parameters of two-phase flow in the GDL such as capillary pressure, mole concentrations of gas species, gas velocity and liquid velocity have been evaluated by considering the interactional effects of the aforementioned two phases. Also, the impact of changing the value of cathode channel humidity and fuel cell temperature on the value of the mentioned parameters has been investigated. The results indicated that decreasing of relative humidity in the cathode channel causes an increase in the rate of water vaporization. Thus, this leads to a decrease in the liquid water velocity, capillary pressure gradient and saturation gradient in the GDL. Also, increasing the temperature causes an increase in the rate of water vaporization and a decrease in the gas velocity and gas pressure gradient.

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In this study, residues of imidacloprid (Confidor) were measured in greenhouse cucumbers in Mazandaran Province, Iran. Confidor 200 SL was applied at the recommended rate (30.0 g ai ha-1) and its double (60.0 g ai ha-1). Samples were collected at 1 h to 21 days after application and analyzed to determine the content and dissipation rate of Imidacloprid. . Analysis was carried out by the QuEChERS method using HPLC-UV. The average initial deposits of imidacloprid on the cucumber fruits were found to be 1.93 and 3.65 mg kg-1 at the single and double dosages, respectively. Results showed that Imidacloprid was rapidly dissipated in cucumbers following a first order reaction kinetics at both application rates. The amount of dissipation in 21 days was 94.48% and 99.18% for, respectively, the single and double dosages. Residues of imidacloprid dissipated below the maximum residue limit (MRL) of 1 mg kg_1 in 3 days. Half-life (T1/2) for degradation of imidacloprid in cucumber was observed to be 3.40 and 2.70 days at the single and double dosages, respectively. A waiting period of 3 days is suggested for safe consumption of cucumber. Also, results showed that the dissipation was dependent on the initial application dose and followed a first order rate kinetics.

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A consistent implicit Incompressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (ISPH) method based on projection approach is proposed for solving violent free surface flow problems. In this way, two consistent discretization schemes are employed for first and second spatial derivatives. In this study, it is shown that in explicit ISPH solvers, the field variables and the positions of particles in the process of numerical differentiation are estimated at two different time steps. So, the incompressibility is not completely satisfied. In the present approach, an iteration loop is implemented, in each time-step. Thus, at the end of each time-step both velocity and the positions used in divergence estimation are at the new time-level. The proposed ISPH method is validated in free surface flow problems involving 2-D dam break benchmarks in which both wet and dry beds are considered. Among the advantages of the present implicit method is being more accurate and stable than the explicit one, despite use of lower number of particles and greater time-step sizes. Also, it provides significant improvement in free surface simulations and pressure distribution results.

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Two incompressible SPH numerical solvers, including a modified explicit method and a new implicit method have been developed to simulate the sediment-laden free surface flow problems. Using, consistent discretization schemes, the proposed explicit method improves somewhat the accuracy of the usual explicit ISPH methods. The implicit method additionally guarantees the incompressibility condition completely. In the presented methods, the liquid phase is modeled using Navier-Stokes equations and to predict the non-Newtonian behavior of the sediment phase, the Bingham plastic rheological model is used. The accuracy and capabilities of the developed incompressible SPH methods is first validated in comparison with available experimental and numerical results of a single-phase water-sediment mixture flow generated by unsteady dam break problem. Then, they are applied to simulate an eroding dam break problem with a two-phase flow sediment transport. Comparing the obtained results with the available results in the literature shows that the developed methods particularly the implicit one, are very powerful tools for simulation of the problems including sediment transport induced by violent free surface flow, with interactions between flow and sediment and morphological changes in bed.

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Although,the physical activity in the cold condition causes the body temperature to rise,it can be a significant factor in the occurrence of thermal discomfort due to increase in the perspiration rate and water gathering in the fabric.Moreover,the accumulated water at the inner side of the clothing can cause a difficulty in the skin respiration. So, the amount of accumulated water and interior surface wetness are important indices for evaluating the suitability of clothing for winter activity. The aim of this study is to determine the amount of accumulated water in various arrangements of multi-layer clothing assemblies containing of three bathing layers of Polyester and Viscose in a very cold environment (with -20C temperature).For this reason,the clothing has been modeled as a porous media with multi-phases and multi-species flow by considering the sorption and condensation phenomena.Also,the implicit finite volume numerical method has been used for discretizing and solving the governing equations.The results show that locating the non-absorbing polyester fabric at the layer adjacent to the skin causes the wetness to decrease at this region. Also, locating the polyester at the outer layer can help to maintain the clothing temperature at the proper conditions.Also,the results indicate that using the viscose fabric as the middle layer leads to decrease in the water content value at the center of clothing. Therefore, the “polyester-viscose-polyester” arrangement can properly remove the perspiratory moisture from the skin to environment, with the minimum of inner water content index (0.02) and maximum inner surface temperature(33C) and average clothing temperature(16.1C).

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In this study, a three-dimensional micromechanics-based analytical model is developed to study the effects of regular and random distribution of silica nanoparticles on the thermo-elastic and viscoelastic properties of polymer nanocomposites. The Representative Volume Element (RVE) of nanocomposites consists of three phases including silica nanoparticles, polyimide matrix and interphase. Since the polymer in the vicinity of the nanoparticles shows distinct properties from those of the bulk matrix, because of nanoparticle–polymer matrix interactions, this region as interphase is considered in micromechanical modeling with specific thickness and properties. In order to simulate random distribution of silica nanoparticles into polyimide matrix, the RVE is extended to c×r×h cubic nano-cells in three dimensions. Perfect bonding conditions are applied between the constituents of RVE. It is assumed that all three phases of the RVE to be homogeneous and isotropic to obtain the thermo-elastic response of nanocomposite. The extracted thermo-elastic properties by the micromechanical model with random distribution of silica nanoparticles are closer to the experimental data. To predict the effective viscoelastic properties of the nanocomposites, silica nanoparticles are modeled as a linear elastic material, while polyimide matrix and interphase are assumed to be as a linear viscoelastic material. The model is also used to examine the influence of varying interphase properties and silica nanoparticle size on the effective nanocomposite behavior. The overall creep behavior of the nanocomposite for several stress levels is also presented.