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Children's poetry is a suitable and effective platform for moral and social development and increasing their mental and cognitive abilities. In this respect and due to the importance of the content of children's literary works in the education system, it is necessary to understand children's poetry from different angles. People's culture is a wide collection of elements related to the material and spiritual life of the people of a land, which preservation and transmission to the children's audience and strengthening its place in the thoughts of composers of this field is the reason for the influence and creative productivity of this rich culture. Among them, material traditions are people's daily issues such as tools, food, clothing and vehicles. The present essay examines the reflection of these material traditions in Shaaban Nejad's epic poems. review method; Analytical-descriptive based on library sources. The results show; Shaaban Nejad's poetry as a main source in research; It has a clear and conscious link with people's culture. By using the material examples of people's culture, he connects the past and the present together, with the help of narration, rhythm and song, wide range of vocabulary, imagery and literary works, he displays his ancient roots for the child of the modern world and flourishes and The stability of children's and adolescent literature in Persian language.

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Fungi associated with ascocarps of Terfezia claveryi, Tirmania nivea, T. pinoyi, Picoa lefebvrei and P. juniperi in Iran showed a wide range of genera and species in 94 samples collected during 2005–2009 from different regions including Fars, Systan and Baluchestan, Kerman, East Azarbaijan, Khuzestan, Kermanshah and Hormozgan provinces. Thirty two species belonging to 21 genera were recovered from ascocarps of truffles on two culture media. Penicillium chrysogenum, P. citrinum, P. griseofulvum, P. brevicompactum, P. crustosum, P. oxalicum, Aspergillus carbonarius, A. niger, A. flavus and A. terreus were the most common fungal species isolated on glucose–Czapek agar medium. The number of fungal species recovered on 20% NaCl–Czapek agar were less (4 genera and 10 species). The most abundant fungal genera belonged to Penicillium and Aspergillus. Also, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Scopulariopsis halophilica could grow on Czapek agar medium amended with 20 % NaCl. Other fungal species were not able to grow on this medium.

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Aims: Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction (PS) is one of the most essential factors in improving the quality of healthcare systems. The aim of this study is to determine the norms and to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Najmiyeh Outpatients Satisfaction Questionnaire (NOSQ). Methods and Materials: This study has been conducted on 240 outpatients in Najmiyeh subspecialty hospital (Tehran-Iran) in 2011. They were selected using the proportional simple random sampling method. Following the confirmation of the content validity, we considered the construct validity and reliability applying Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Cronbach's Alpha. Also, SPSS and AMOS version 18 were used for data analysis. Findings: The sample population consisted of 240 subjects, including 132 females (55.1%) and 108 males (44.9%). The EFA reported three important factors in this regard, with a variance of 54% and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of 0.82, all approved by the CFA (RMSEA= 0.04, CFI= 0.96). The outpatients' satisfaction factors were: “hospital information system, treatment and conditions”. The reliability of the questionnaire was reported at %71 based on the Cronbach's alpha. Conclusions: Both validity and the reliability indexes of the NOSQ have been reported at a desirable level; therefore it can be used as a valid and reliable instrument to measure the outpatients' satisfaction.

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The genus Phaeoacremonium is associated with decline disease of woody plants and with human infections. Members of this genus have broad host range and wide geographical distribution. During 2010, ten isolates of Phaeoacremonium were recovered from vascular tissues of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) trees, showing decline symptoms in Shiraz city. Anamorphic characteristics such as, conidiophore morphology, phialide type and shape, size of hyphal warts, conidial size and shape were investigated. Based on morphological characteristics the presence of Pm. rubrigenum in Iran was documented. To confirm morphological identification, DNA was extracted from isolates using a genomic DNA purification Kit. Region of internal transcribed spacers 1, 2 and 5.8S genes of rDNA were amplified using ITS4 and ITS1 universal primer set. Fragments of 630 bp were recovered from PCR, purified, sequenced, edited and deposited in GenBank. Pm. rubrigenum isolates had an average of 99 % identity with all P. rubrigenum sequences compared. This species is a new report from Iran.  

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Aim: Patients' satisfaction (PS) is a dominant concept in medical care, due to the gap in the literature on Persian version of PS instruments, this study has conducted with aim to analyze the validity and reliability of self-designed Najmiyeh Inpatient Satisfaction Questionnaire (NISQ). Methods: This study was carried out on 247 inpatients that came in Najmiyeh subspecialty hospital in Tehran (the capital city of Iran) during year 2011 who were selected by proportional stratified sampling method. Statistical analysis used: In this study, after checking content validity we used confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis and Cronbach's Alpha in order to examine construct validity and reliability, respectively. SPSS (version18) and AMOS (version 20) programmer were used to analyze data. Findings: Samples consisted of 247 subjects (222 women (90%) and 25 men (10%)). The explanatory factor analysis showed 5 factors with 64% total variance and 0.91 Kaser-Meyer-Olkin Index, the result also confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis (PNFI=0.71, RMR=0.03, PCFI=0.76). Extracted factors consisted of: “satisfaction from nursing services and their behaviour”, “satisfaction from one’s doctor”, “satisfaction from inpatient department”, “companions’ satisfaction”, “satisfaction from one’s room”. Also the questionnaire’s reliability was 0.96 using the Cronbach's Alpha method. Conclusions: Because validity and reliability indexes of NISQ were reported in suitable range, we can confirm that this questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for measuring inpatient satisfaction.

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A specimen of an ascomycetous fungus collected during a field trip was identified as Gymnoascus Baran. Soil samples collected from 0-20 cm depth were studied for isolation of fungi using a soil dilution plate method. Based on the morphological and molecular characters the specimens were identified as Gymnoascus reesii. Genomic DNA was extracted and a nuclear rDNA region, containing the internal transcribed spacers 1, 2 and 5.8S gene of rDNA (ITS) were amplified and PCR products were sequenced. Amplicon was purified, sequenced and submitted to the GenBank (Acc. No. JQ387570-71). The resulting sequence (600 bp) was submitted to a BLAST search to find most similar sequences in GenBank. The search results showed highest similarity of Iranian isolates to other isolates of G. reesii from GenBank. In the light of literature on ascomycetous fungi, Gymnoascus Baran is a new record for Iran mycoflora. The specimens are kept in fungal collection of the Department of Plant Protection, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

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A time-domain approach is presented to calculate electromagnetic fields inside a large Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) simulator. This type of EMP simulator is used for studying the effect of electromagnetic pulses on electrical apparatus in various structures such as vehicles, a reoplanes, etc. The simulator consists of three planar transmission lines. To solve the problem, we first model the metallic structure of the simulator as a grid of conducting wires. The numerical solution of the governing electric field integral equation is then obtained using the method of moments in time domain. To demonstrate the accuracy of the model, we consider a typical EMP simulator. The comparison of our results with those obtained experimentally in the literature validates the model introduced in this paper.

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Objectives: Today, after the experience of the corona epidemic for many experts, the impact of urban development programs on the spread of the virus has been proven that new theories in architecture and urban planning regarding the corona pandemic situation can provide suitable solutions for designers.
Research Method: It is based on analytical and descriptive studies and has been compiled based on mutual relations and comparisons between independent variables and new theories in architecture and urban planning in relation to the corona pandemic situation and related variables.
Findings and Conclusion: The dense development of cities and the high communication of people with each other due to the dense urban life, make the ways of breaking the virus distribution chain more difficult. Therefore, the resilience of cities, despite being ignored in the development phase, is very important in times of crisis. Factors such as housing pattern, use of local institutions, neighborhood-based urban planning, public arena, urban transportation, small and local business acquisition and smart infrastructure such as the development of e-urban services are very influential in the spread of infectious diseases in cities and metropolises. The prevalence of COVID-19 suggests potential new pattern changes that are likely to change our development patterns, particularly in both the construction and environmental sectors. Epidemic has been the most significant disruption of human activity in a generation. For many designers, it has been a time to refocus and rethink how products, buildings and cities are designed.
 

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Work Songs during the work have a great extent .Several examples of these songs can be observed among the farmers, stockbreeders and weavers. These songs make the work space free from the monotony and strictness alleviating the tiredness and exhausting pain of work, and reinforce the men and women effort, resulting in  movement sensation and hope during the work. The composed poems in the field of work and business in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, form at large scale the literature of this area. In the environment of work, men and women from Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad have had the poem in tune with someone who was doing the work. This kind of poem has had an appropriate music and sensation. They are anonym composers who compose these songs to show their happiness, sorrows, loneliness, and pains. These songs have had an important role in transferring the cultures; rituals and manners between the generations. In the rural and tribal society of this area, there have been some works such as farming, rice milling, milking and dyeing where the workers composed songs to have the pleasure and fun. This article tries to consider and analyze the agricultural songs (rice milling, rice farming), livestock songs, breeding and knitting songs.

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The growth performance of cyprinids larvae (Cyprinuscarpio,Hypophthalmichthysnobilisand Ctenopharyngodonidella) fed with the nauplii fromdifferentArtemiaspecies, including A. parthenogenetica, A. fransiscanaand A. urmiana as well as a probiotic mixture (Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis) was investigated. Fish larvae (100±15 mg) were allocated into 54 circular fiberglass tanks filled with 10 liters of water (density of 5 fish per liter) and fed for 4 weeks with the designated diets. At the end of the feeding trial, feed and growth indices [final weight, specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF) and food efficiency] and body composition (crude protein, crude lipid, ash and moisture) were assessed. Significant differences were observed in feed and growth parameters especially in terms of specific growth rate and feed efficiency (P< 0.05). The highest and lowest growth and feeding efficiency were observed in C. idella fed with A. parthenogeneticanauplii and H.nobilis fed with A. urmiananauplii,respectively. Subsequently, elevated growth performance (final weight, final length and SGR) was observed in C. idella fed with nauplii of A. parthenogenetica and probiotic compared to other group (P < 0.05).

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Uncertainties and risks underpinning environmental complexities have undermined lots of assumptions and delivery methods of large industrial projects and have lessened their efficiency and effectiveness. In the literature, selecting proper project delivery method in complex situations still lacks attention, and existing relevant studies have been also conducted based on “the first order of project management”, in which the degree and extent of uncertainties and environmental complexities are considered normal and prevalent. Based on the recent scientific and managerial paradigms such as “the second order of project management”, it is necessary to fulfil required revisions in existing models and solutions, utilizing a novel comprehension and vision to the environment. The main aim of this article is proposing an appropriate method for industrial projects delivery which are planned and conducted in environmental complex situations (and especially high uncertainties as subsequent of situations). This study shows that usual Design and Build method (EPC/TK) – with maximum transferring of risks to contractor – does not satisfy executing large industrial projects, and it should be improved through correction of basics and application of innovative tools and techniques. Flexibility Increasing, sharing risk among parties, supporting problem solving approach, etc. in delivery method form the basis and ground for proposed Design and Build method in this article. This research has utilized a qualitative research methodology, incorporating the Grounded Theory method (of Glitzer’s emerging design type) to identify uncertainties, risks, and the proposed mechanisms for flexible Design and Build delivery method.

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Among fungi, species of the genus Paecilomyces are considered as promising biological control agents with high potential to reduce root-knot nematode (RKN) and other nematode populations. In this research we investigated a soil hyphomycetes, Paecilomyces marquandii and its pathogenicity on eggs of RKN in vitro. In greenhouse test, root weight, plant length, fresh weight and dry weight of plants, gall index and proportion of infected eggs were determined. P. marquandii, effectively promoted growth of plants inoculated with M. incognita by suppressing its pathogenesis as root galling and reducing egg mass production. At 25 °C, a great number of nematode eggs were parasitized by P. marquandii, inhibiting juvenile development.

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In recent years, biological control has become a promising and ecologically friendly alternative to chemical control in the management of soil-borne plant diseases and several biological control agents have been introduced as potential bio-fungicides. The aim of this study was to investigate different biological control agent consortia against Rhizoctonia solani root rot disease of common bean. Bacillus pumilus INR7, Trichoderma harzianum and Rhizophagus intraradices were used individually or in combination. There were two application methods: simultaneous application of biocontrol agents with the plant pathogen, and pre-inoculation of biocontrol agents one month before the pathogen. Treatments containing B.pumilus INR7 were the best treatments for suppression of the disease in the simultaneous application method, where B. pumilus INR7 + T. harzianumreduced the disease up to 54%. However, in pre-inoculation method T. harzianum alone was the only treatment that reduced disease severity up to 49% compared to the infected control; other treatments did not haveany significant effect on disease severity. In current study, combination of T. harzianum and R. intraradices was unable to decrease disease severity and improve plant growth. This phenomenon was common in both simultaneous and pre-inoculation experiments. However, results showed that B. pumilus INR7 and R. intraradices were compatible with each other. Their combination not only decreased the disease, but also improved the dry weight of common bean in both application methods. Our results revealed that B. pumilus INR7 had positive interaction with T. harzianum. This combination increased their ability to suppress root rot disease and improve plant health, significantly. Overall, combinations of biocontrol agents have good potential to be applied in modern agriculture, but such combinations need to be checkedin advance for their compatibility in greenhouse and field experiments.

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The Indian species of Entedon Dalman (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Entedoninae) are reviewed. The review includes seven species, of which E. shivalikensis Majeed & Jamali sp. nov., E. dehradunensis Majeed & Jamali sp. nov. are described  and illustrated. Entedon thoubalensis (Chisti & Shafee, 1983), E. gunturensis (Shafee & Rizvi, 1985), and E. longicorpus (Khan & Shafee, 1982) are redescibed and diagnostic characters are presented for two species: E. punctiscapus Thomson, 1878, E. pempheridis Ferrière, 1930. An identification key to Indian species of the genus Entedon is also provided.

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The huge attention toward dried food in ornamental fish culture is caused by the difficulty related to live-food preparation. This study investigated the effects replacement of live feed by commercial feed TetraMin on growth, survival rate and resistance to environmental stress in Oscar fish (Astronotus ocellatus) larvae. The experimental setup was completely randomized design comprised of five treatments including, namely T1 (Forty days Artemia nauplii), T2 (Thirty days Artemia ten days of commercial food), T3 (Twenty days Artemia twenty days of commercial food), T4 (Ten days Artemia thirty days of commercial food) and T5 (Forty days commercial feed). All treatments were performed in triplicate. In this study, fish larvae were fed 4 times a day and to apparent satiation, commercial feed and live feed. After a 40-day feeding experimental period, all the larvae each aquarium were sampled for and growth determination. Fish larvae in T1, T2, and T3 treatments showed the highest total length, weight and survival rate. Lowest total length, weight and survival rate were recorded in T5 treatment (p<0.05). Also, against challenge tests in T1, T2 and T3 treatments was significantly in comparison with T5 (p<0.05). The results of the present study demonstrate that the Oscar fish larvae could consume commercial feed starting from the 20 without any difference in growth with live food.

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The Indian species of Omphale Haliday are discussed. Seven species are included, of which four species O. akhtari Jamali & Zeya sp. nov., O. ecola Jamali & Zeya sp. nov., O. kamili Jamali & Zeya sp. nov. and O. litera Jamali & Zeya sp. nov. are described and illustrated. One species O. appannai (Kurian) is transferred to Omphale Haliday from Chrysonotomyia Ashmead. Diagnostic characters are presented for O. stonia Narendran & O. calicuti Narendran. An identification key to Indian species is also provided.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Understanding of the tumor behavior, in a much closer look, at the molecular level, results in a more effective treatment and accurate prognosis of the disease. From among various genes altered in colorectal cancer K-ras is assumed to be of diagnostic and prognostic significance. K-ras mutations are believed to be a critical event in colorectal oncogenesis. Previous studies have demonstrated that 40% (20-50%) of CRCs harbor a mutant allele of K-ras oncogene. The mutations are limited to codons 12, 13, and 61 of the gene, with a great incidence at codon 12. The localization of mutations has given mutated K-ras an advantage of sensitive and simple detection over APC or p53 in which mutations are spread in their whole DNA sequence. To determine the incidence of K-ras mutations in CRC in Iran, compared with other countries, DNA was isolated from a random collection of 55 colorectal carcinoma samples, and codon 12 K-ras mutations were detected by RFLP. K-ras mutations in sporadic colorectal cancer in Iran are relatively frequent, with an incidence of 65%. This may be attributed to variation in methodology and to characteristics of the population studied such as differences in genetic background and variability in environmental factors and epidemiologic parameters such as diet, social lifestyle status, and other parameters that could be specific to the Iranian population. Correlation between the presence of codon 12 mutation and various clincopathological parameters was also investigated. A significant correlation was found with poor tumor differentiation of tumor samples. This places much emphasis on the role of promotion of differentiation as the most prominent effect of Ras.

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The reproductive range of the Iranian population of white tip nematode in rice, Aphel-enchoides besseyi, was investigated in vitro to find out a suitable medium as well as a fa-vorable fungal host for monoxenic culturing this nematode. Studies were carried out on rice seed associated fungi, pathogenic fungi and one mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) grown on three culture media, RPA (rice polish agar), OMA (oat meal agar) and PDA (potato dextrose agar). The nematode showed the greatest multiplication on Fusarium verticillioides, F. proliferatum, Curvularia lunata and Magnaporthe salvini in OMA and on Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris oryzae and Pyricularia oryzae in PDA. Among the fungi, tested A. alternata, C. lunata, F. verticillioides, B. oryzae, M. salvini, F. proliferatum and P. oryzae supported a high reproduction rate in the nematode in a descending rank. The nematode failed to multiply on Aspergillus niger, Rhizoctonia solani and Agaricus bis-porus grown on any of the three media. The highest sex ratio (F:M) was achieved on OMA but the highest male percentage ratio was observed on PDA. The two pathogenic fungi, B. oryzae and M. salvini are reported as new fungal hosts for monoxenic culturing of this nematode.

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Objective: Alpha-thalassemia is one of the most prevalent hemoglobin disorders in the world and it is a common hereditary condition caused by deletion of one or more α-globin genes. Common α-thalassemia deletions like 3.7 kb, 4.2 kb, 20.5 kb and Med can be detected by Multiplex PCR. There are, however, some unknown deletions that can not be detected by the mentioned method or even by direct DNA sequencing. In the present study, Real-time PCR was used to determine the presence or absence of unknown deletions. Materials and Methods: Real-time PCR was performed using intercalating dye SYBR Green I and α1, α2 and CLCN7 genes were amplified. Data analysis was conducted using comparative threshold method (ΔΔCT) for determination of Gene dosage of α1-globin and α2-globin genes. Results: The results showed the ratio of 0.90±0.16 for normal individuals and the ratio of 0.32±0.15 for carrier samples with deletions. In addition, Melting curve analysis confirmed the specific amplification of target genes. Conclusion: The Real-time PCR assay is simple, rapid, and reliable. It can be applied for direct determination of unknown deletions in Alpha-thalassemia carriers.