Aims: Epidemiological transition of acute and infectious diseases to non-communicable ones, aging population, together with rapid lifestyle changes all have given rise to prevalence rate of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Thus, it is of utmost importance to reflect on lifestyles, especially in this period. The main purpose of the present study was to assess lifestyle in patients affected with myocardial infarction (MI).
Instruments & Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study examining health-related lifestyle behaviors in patients with MI in 2019. To this end, a total number of 176 patients were selected using purposive and convenience sampling methods. The research instrument was also the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) as a standardized self-report questionnaire. The data analyzed using IBM SPSS 22 and the generalized linear models were used. Moreover, coefficient at a significance level less than 0.05.
Findings: The results of Wilks’ lambda distribution revealed that the effect of gender on the linear combination of the dependent variable (i.e. lifestyle) was significant and 11.4% of changes in this variable had resulted from variation in gender. Besides, the results demonstrated that health responsibility scores in men were on average 2.703 lower than those obtained by women. This relationship was also significant and its effect size was by 3.3% (p= 0.016).
Conclusions: It was concluded that the concept of lifestyle can be an analysis tool to better understand differences between genders, as an effective variable in adopting a healthy lifestyle, especially in patients suffering from MI.

Abstract
Proverbs are short utterances in verse or prose, showing parts of the culture of people using them. They will be transmitted to the next generations and their origins can be traced. They can be considered a case of cultuling, that is (culture in language), and demonstrate the culture, worldview and the attitude of the speakers. The present study, a qualitative one, aimed to investigate the “positive thinking” cultuling in Persian proverbs from the viewpoint of the SPEAKING model of Hymes (1967). To this end, of the total 99621 Persian proverbs, 777 proverbs were delineated to include the “Positive Thinking” cultuling. The researchers were seeking to find different ends of using the proverbs by Persian speakers. The data were investigated by two Applied linguists professors and an M.A graduate in Linguistics. The most recurrent ends of using proverbs encompass giving advice 101 cases (30%), good wish 7 cases (2%), religious beliefs 92 cases (27%), encouraging to be patient 27 cases (8%), being grateful 7 cases (2%), being happy 9 cases (3%), showing exaggeration 16 cases (5%) and solidarity and cooperation 13 cases (4%). The keys include admonitory 83 cases (45%), praising 14 cases (8%), hopeful 67 cases (36%), humorous 14 cases (8%) and good wish 7 cases (4%). The findings show that among all, the most occurring end, of using the “positive thinking” cultuling in Persian proverbs accrues giving advice (30%) and the most recurrent key, accrues admonitory (45%). The multiplicity of the cases of advice and admonitory displays the indirectness of Iranians. The paper concludes with some implications.
Introduction
Research Background
The issue of positive thinking can be considered a case of “cultuling” in Persian proverbs. Culture is, in fact, an instrument delineating relationships among the members and the speakers’ attitude and worldview (Wardhaugh, 2010). Zolfaghaari (2013) believes that culture and its subcategories constitute parts of the national identity that encompass personal and social identity. The issue that anguage, culture, and thought are interrelated, has been proposed by prominent scholars, including Agar (1994) and Risager (2011, 2012). In the meantime, Pishghadam (2013) proposed the inseparability of language and culture. He introduced the term “cultuling” by merging the two terms of “language” and “culture. Accordingly, several studies have been carried out on various types of cultulings, namely, the study of the cultuling of “Patriarchy” by Pishghadam, Derakhshan, and Jannati Ataei (in press), in which the researchers investigated the “patriarchy” cultuling in Persian movies from the viewpoint of the SPEAKING model of Hymes (1967), aiming at demonstrating Iranian cultural patterns and trying to find the reasons for using the cultuling of “patriarchy” and the attitude toward women in Iranian culture. To this end, 100 Persian movies from 1981 and 2011, were investigated. The results showed that the decade 1981 could demonstrate the dominance of the cultuling of patriarchy, and the decade 2011 illustrates the dominance of the cultuling of matriarchy. Other related studies include the analysis of “Cultuling” as an innovative method for the analysis of language in light of variational pragmatics, which is a step towards ‘euculturing’, by Pishghadam, Ebrahimi, Naji Meidani, and Derakhshan (in press). In a similar study, Pishghadam, Ebrahimi, and Derakhshan (in press) investigated cultuling analysis, which is a new methodology for discovering cultural memes. They conceptualize a cultuling analysis model that integrates the cultural, emotioncy, SPEAKING models, as well as the underlying environmental factors collectively to reflect the participants’ culture.
Aims, question, and assumptions
In the present study, the researchers investigated “Positive Thinking” cultuling in Persian proverbs using Hymes’s (1967) SPEAKING model and its eight subparts, including setting, participants, end, act sequence, key, norms, and genre. The data were collected from 99621 Persian proverbs. The utterances were being studied, and their ends and keys were identified. It aimed at showing Iranian cultural patterns and the attitudes of Iranian speakers using the cultuling of ‘Positive Thinking’. The investigators are interested in finding out the ends of the cultuling of  “Positive Thinking” in Persian proverbs.
 
Table  1. The most recurrent ends of using Persian proverbs

 
Conclusion
The most recurrent ends of using proverbs encompass giving advice (30%), good wish (2%), religious beliefs (27%), encouraging to be patient (8%), being grateful (2%), being happy (3%), showing exaggeration (5%) and solidarity and cooperation (4%) shown in Table 1. The keys include admonitory (45%), praising (8%), hopeful (36%), humorous (8%), and wishing good (4%). The findings showed that the most occurring end of using the “positive thinking” cultuling in Persian proverbs is giving advice (30%), and the most recurrent key is admonitory (45%), shown in Table  2.
 
 
 
 
 
Table 2. The most recurrent keys of using Persian proverbs
 

 
 The multiplicity of the case of advice and admonitory displays the indirectness of Iranians. One of the psycholinguistic factors which plays a major role in the study of people’s thought is the underlying covert emotion in their utterances, called “Emoling” (Pishghadam, Ebrahimi, & Derakhshan, in press). It is inevitable that if expressions like proverbs, poems, etc. have a high emotional load, they will be better, and they will be transmitted to the following generations. Considering the role of emotional center of the brain, emotional information will be better stored in memory for retention (Bigdeli, 2020). Given that the proverbs are important cultural resources and their high capacity in transmitting cultural issues and cultural norms, they can be studied from different aspects, including the study of the cultuling of “negative thinking” in Persian proverbs.
References

The goal of this paper is to design an online control interface for knee prosthesis based on the electromyography (EMG) signals of active thigh muscles. According to the time dependent nature of electromyography signals, translating such signals into precise commands in practical applications is a challenge for scientists. First stage for designing an online control interface is to design and implement a test setup for examining the proposed online control interface. To serve this purpose, active knee prosthesis is designed and manufactured using an elastic actuator mechanism. In order to measure the EMG signals, active muscles were detected based on the fundamental of muscles anatomy. In the second stage, filtering and data segmentation were utilized for electromyography signals smoothing, decreasing noises and reducing signal dimensions. Furthermore, time-delay neural network was used in order to map time domain features of EMG signals onto kinematic variables of knee joint. The angle and angular velocity of knee joint were estimated with accuracy of 0.85 (R²) for two locomotion modes including non-weight bearing and ground level walking. To implement online estimation of angular position, time domain features and neural network with 50 hidden layer’s neurons and 2 seconds time delay were used. Finally, online angular position estimation of knee joint was implemented on the designed test setup and results confirm proper tracking of online control interface.