---

Land-use planning is a science that determines the type optimum of land-use through studying the ecological characteristics of the land as well as its socio-economic structure. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the land-use and natural resources for future sustainable land planning using GIS. In this study, the Makhdoom’s systematic method was used to analyze the ecological and resources maps of the study area. At first, ecological capability maps of different land-uses including forest, agriculture, rangeland, environmental conservation, ecotourism and development of village, urban and industry were developed by overlaying geographical maps in GIS for the township. The final step of this study was the prioritization of land-uses considering the ecological and socio-economic characteristics of the study area using a quantitative model. The results indicated that the maximum area of proposed use was 39.30 % that was related to range and dry farmingand minimum area of proposed use was 3.3 % which was related to irrigation agriculture with range.

---

Background: Land use planning is a science that determines the type of land use through studying the ecological and socio-economic characteristics of the land.
Materials and Methods: A systematic method known as the Makhdoom Model was used for the analysis of maps to evaluate the land use and natural resources for future sustainable land planning of an area in Sistan region, using GIS as a tool. For this purpose, the ecological capability maps of different land uses, including forest and range, agriculture, ecotourism, rural and urban development were initially prepared by overlaying geographical maps in GIS for the study area. Then, the prioritization of land uses was assessed using a quantitative model by considering the ecological and socio-economic characteristics of the study area.
Results: The results indicated that the maximum area of the proposed uses (28.7%) was related to conservation, showing this land use had high potential in the study area. Also, the minimum area of proposed uses was related to dry farming.
Discussion and Conclusions: This research proved that quantitative methods can be more useful than classic methods (qualitative).

---

The extraction of hydrocolloids from seaweeds is associated with production of secondary metabolites during pretreatment step. In this study, the antioxidant properties were evaluated for secondary metabolites from brown seaweed S. angustifolium. The crude extract obtained by 80% ethanol for four hours and then partitioned using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water. The extraction yield was found to be 4% for crude extract and varied between 2.8-43% for fractions. The evaluation of antioxidant properties revealed a successful solvent fractionation in portioning antioxidant compounds. Among various fractions, ethyl acetate exhibited the highest activity in DPPH radical scavenging (75.78%), ABTS radical scavenging (88.92%), reducing power (67.54%) and total antioxidant (0.34 Abs) capacities. The highest amount of phenolic contents was found in ethyl acetate fraction (277.86 mg/ TA in extract) while the lowest amount was in aqueous fraction (21.36 mg/ TA in extract). The highest correlation (R² = 0.88) was observed between total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity. Overall, the results of current study show that ethanol extract of S. angustifolium contains major bioactive compounds suggesting its potential application in food industry as a natural antioxidant.  

---

Objective: Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies are highly specific markers for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and useful for predicting rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development and progression. We assessed the diagnostic value of anti-CCP antibodies in our patients with RA. Materials and Methods: Anti-CCP antibodies and rheumatoid factor (RF) titers were determined in 247 serum samples: 128 from RA patients, 119 from control group (48 from healthy controls, 71 from patients with rheumatic disease other than RA or hematologic malignancies). Results: There were 128 (93 females, 35 males) patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 119 (78 females, 41 males) controls. The sensitivity of Anti-CCP was 66.40% for diagnosis of RA with a specificity of 94.11%. The sensitivity of RF was 69.53% and its specificity was 81.51%. Conclusion: In our patients Anti-CCP has a moderate sensitivity but high specificity for diagnosis of RA.

---

Proper conditions for producing crude beta-galactosidase from waste materials were de-termined. This enzyme is to be used in the production of lactose-hydrolyzed milk. Whey permeate was used as a basic medium. Twenty seven treatments were developed by 3 vary-ing factors of: yeast extract (1, 2, and 3 %), wheat steep liquor (1, 2, and 3 %), and whey powder (0.5, 1, and 1.5 %). Crude enzyme extract was obtained by sonication of the cells collected from cultivation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus in various media at 43oC. The beta-galactosidase activity was assessed using Ortho-Nitro-Phenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG). Yeast extract and whey powder had both significant effects (P< 0.01), while wheat steep liquor proved to be ineffective. Yeast extract had the most pro-nounced effect on the production of beta-galactosidase. The effect of the interactions of yeast extract-whey powder and wheat steep liquor-whey powder were significant at 5 % level (P< 0.05), while the effect of the interaction of yeast extract-wheat steep liquor was sig-nificant at 1% level (P< 0.01). Interaction effect of the 3 factors on the production of beta-galactosidae was significant (P< 0.01). The best combination for production of beta-galactosidase (4.924 U ml-1) was 3% yeast extract, 1.5% whey powder and 2% wheat steep liquor.

---

Entrepreneurship is a new phenomena Iin Iiran and the research in this subject especially in women entrepreneurship is very limited. In spite of the fact that most of the Iranian Women coperate in economic and, social aspects and especially in higher education, the society is not reaping the rewards of all their cooperations and efforts in economic affairs. On the other hand, different strategies of men and women entrepreneurs in start up process and business management as well as their different views to success are the sources of differences in their businesses. In favor of total knowledge of Iranian women’s businesses and the factors that influence the process of start-up, a vast and national research on educated women entrepreneur population was done through a questionnaire built for this subject. The questionnaire was and corrected by the experts and a pretest. This article presents a part of the results about strategies and views of Iranian women entrepreneurs to success. The results point out that Iranian women entrepreneurs start their businesses by planning and presentation of the best quality of products or services. This planning results in prosperity of their businesses. Iranian women entrepreneurs also view success of business in obtaining personal satisfaction and improvement of their abilities, then in profit.

---

Aims: The main purpose of this article is to investigate the performance and impact of the building shell on natural lighting components and radiation reception, as components affecting the quality of the interior space, through designing a shell with Voronoi algorithm.

Methods: For this purpose, using the genetic algorithm and taking into account the Useful Daylight Illumination and the Total Radiation, optimal configurations are presented from among the design options of the shell, which is based on the Voronoi algorithm. The working method has been multi-objective optimization using NSGA-II and linear modeling in the Rhino platform and Grasshopper plugin using environmental analysis tools such as Energy Plus and Radiance for numerical calculations. Also, skins are analyzed in three cases: 1-an infilled wall without the second skin, 2-using horizontal louvers, and 3- Voronoi skin as the second skin.

Findings: It has been indicated that with Voronoi skin, the amount of average Useful Daylight Illuminance has increased by 63.86% compared to the case without the second skin, and by 21.02% compared to the case using horizontal louvers the second skin. Also, by this design idea, the amount of total solar radiation decreases by 63.86% compared to the case without the second shell and decreases by 15.38% compared to the issue of using horizontal louvers as the second shell.

Conclusion: The designed shell resulting from the optimization process and the use of Voronoi geometry has a good performance in improving the Useful Daylight Illuminance and reducing the amount of sunlight.
 

---

Crude Enzyme (beta-galactosidase) Extract (CEE) was produced by Lactobacillus ssp. bulgaricus CHR Hansen Lb-12 and was applied in sterile milk which had been processed through Ultra High Temperature method (UHT milk), for hydrolyzing lactose. Lactosehydrolyzed milk was also produced by a pure and commercially available betagalactosidase (Maxilact). Optimum quantities of CEE and Maxilact enzyme, for producing lactose-hydrolyzed milk, during 6 hours of processing, were 0.418 and 0.512 U ml-1, respectively. Using more than 0.418 U ml-1 CEE resulted in unacceptable acidity. Acidity of lactose-hydrolyzed milk produced through 0.418 U ml-1 of CEE was significantly increased from 15 to 17 ºD, while enhancement of acidity in lactosehydrolyzed milk produced through Maxilact enzyme was not significant. Total count of lactose-hydrolyzed milk by 0.418 U ml-1 CEE, after 6 hours of processing was significantly increased from 5 to 30 CFU (Colony Forming Unit). Sensory evaluation of lactosehydrolyzed milk and ordinary UHT milk (as control) did not show any significant differences with respect to acceptability of sweetness, taste, aftertaste and color.

---

Concrete is one of the most practical and durable construction materials due to economic aspects, abundance of the constituents, adaptability with the environment and its high compressive strength and durabity. High strength concretes are used in the most substructure constructions such as bridges, dams, towers, silos and etc. . The selection of proper aggregates and the constituents affects on the concrete properties such as strength, permeability, and durability. Therefore, optimization of mix designs is necessary to produce high strength and low permeability concretes. Although most of the concrete structures are constructed for 50 years sevice life, however, some of them are sometimes damaged due to sulfuric acid attack. The rate of concrete corrosion in sulfuric acid is a process of dissolution, sedimentation and leaching depends on the chemical compounds of cement, paste reactivity, aggregates type and their grading curves and the proportion of concrete components. Moreover, wetting and drying cycles increases the acid penetration and consequently the rate of corrosion. Remarkable concrete damages have been reported in Australia, Japan, the countries around Persian Gulf, Germany, South Africa and U.S.A.. Therefore, It will be necessary to repair or replace the damaged structure after the attack and it would be very expensive and creates many social problems. Nevetheless, several reports have been published to investigate plain concretes durability in acidic environments, but first, the results are paradoxical for example, silica fume effect against sulfuric acid attack and second, their studies have been conducted on the native construction materials such as fly ash or blast furnace slag. Therefore, it seems necessary to investigate concrete durability against sulfuric acid attack by using new materials such as nano-SiO2. In the present study, durability of concretes containing silica fume, nano-SiO2 and ultra fine Quartz powder was investigated under sulfuric acid attack. Concrete samples of four mix designs, including Silica Fume, nano-SiO2 and ultra fine Quartz powder as cement filler, were investigated to find optimum content of Silica Fume and nano-SiO2. Also to obtain a high strength concretes, ideal grading curve of aggregates and cementitious materials were used which lead to decrease cement consumption. Results show that the very low porosity concretes were obtained based on water absorption test results in comparison to plain concretes. Also, the 28 days compressive strength of all mixtures were obtaied more than 500 kg/cm2 using no more than 325 kg/m3 cementitious material content. Moreover, the durability of concretes against sulfuric acid attack, which is increased by silica fume and nano-SiO2, directly related to the 90 days water absorption. In addition, After 6 months of immersion in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 1.0, the mixture containing 8% silica fume, 2% nano-SiO2 and 25% ultra fine Quartz powder showed the best performance.

---

---

 Family is known as one of the most important and powerful institutions, especially in relation to children and adolescents. Meanwhile, artistic and literary works can reflect some of these changes, especially children’s and adolescent fiction works, in most of which there are family relationships as a definite theme, and they were influenced by the dominant ideologies of the era. This case study is the result of a larger research on teenage fiction from the 1970s until now, but exclusively, it is limited to two novels from the two periods before and after the revolution: “Olduz and Crows” by Samad Behrangi and “Children and Storm” from Hossein Fatahi, both of them belong to a certain ideology. This research has been formed with the aim of investigating the semantic change of family in ideological works in two historical periods; in fact, regardless of the type of ideology, the discourse of the family in these works, has undergone a semantic transformation and has been drawn in ideological goals. The main approach of this research, according to the metaphorical structure of the family discourse in these periods, is to use a critical approach to metaphor, and for this purpose, we have used the metaphor discourse analysis method. Investigations show that the main structure of these novels is based on the macro metaphor “family is society” and the family is the representative of society and an objective manifestation of abstract ideologies in society at the heart of the ideological structure.

1. Introduction
Family, as the center of tradition and determining the base, status, dignity, power, etc. of its constituents, are exposed to disease attacks. Marxists considered it a center of inequality, liberals considered it the preserver of tradition and authority, and feminists considered it the cause of weakening women. To the extent that the function of the family, the structure of power in the family, family patterns, the form of the family and what was in it were either changed or borrowed. The institution of modern education took away the right to education from it, and the institution of market and capitalism took away its economic function and self-sufficiency, and social and labor institutions even deprived it of the right of guardianship and custody in certain cases.
Among the discourses of the contemporary period, the two main discourses, Marxist (before the revolution) and the discourse of the Islamic revolution, have had the most cultural activity for Children's and adolescent literature, and they have had a special and different view on the relationship between the adolescent and the family, in order to advance their goals. For this reason, in this research, among the works before and after the Islamic revolution that specifically belong to these two ideologies, they have been selected to investigate and analyze the type of representation of the relationship between the family and the teenager; The story of “Oldoz and the Crows” by Samad Behrangi and “The Child and the Storm” by Hossein Fatahi.
This research, seeking to discover and reconstruct the main discourses governing the representation of the family, has been formed based on the main hypothesis that the representation of the family discourse in children's and adolescent fiction works has changed under the influence of the ideologies of each time period, and in particular, the family is a metaphorical structure in the fictions has been represented. This research seeks to answer the main question that the discourse of the family in the ideological fiction works of teenagers is based on what metaphorical pattern is formed and if this pattern is repeated in different fictions.
Research questions
1. Based on what metaphorical pattern is the discourse of the family in the ideological fiction works of teenagers formed and is this pattern repeated in different works?
2. What effect has the metaphorical arrangement in these ideological works had on the representation of the family discourse in these works?

2. Literature Review
The review of sources in the field of family in the literature of children and adolescents shows  the following studies. 
Chitsazi (2018), in his research, has examined the structure of power and its representation in folk tales and contemporary short stories of Fars from the 1960s to the 2010s. The findings of this research show that in both types of literature, mostly the nuclear family is depicted. The power structure in the family in folk literature is domineering and in the contemporary short story, it is semi-symmetrical (dominant and sincere).
Shabani Sabzeh Maidani (2016) has investigated the role and position of father in children's poems. He considered the family to be the smallest and the first social institution related to the child, in which the mother is considered to be the embodiment of affection and the child's upbringing, and he believes that the depiction of the father's image in the works is generally placed on the sidelines and limited to the economic role and provider of the family's livelihood. 
Qorshinejad (2012), in his research, has discussed the representation of the family in stories after the Islamic revolution. In his research, based on Stuart Hall's theory of representation and using the method of text analysis, he has analyzed and investigated the way the family is represented in a selection of realistic stories for children and teenagers three decades after the Islamic Revolution. The findings of this research show that in the stories of the 1980s and 1990s, traditional and nuclear families were depicted, and in the works of the 2000s, the modern nuclear family was depicted. In most of the stories, there is a pattern of dividing male and female roles, and the family authority structure in the 80s and 90s was man-oriented.
Nizamabadi (2008) has examined women and power in the family in six novels of the last decade. The findings of this research show that women are looking for a new definition of power and identity in the family. Also, in these novels, men and women are important together and women feel happy with men.
The overview of these studies shows that none of them have focused on the period of adolescence. Most of the researched fields have also focused on family structure and types. In fact, as the surveys show, extensive research about the family in different time periods and according to the ideologies of each period has not been done.

3. Methodology
Discussing discourses is not the field of power relations that openly seeks repression, but implicitly plays a role in determining the type of behavior of people and turns people into subjects in discourses. In Fairclough's opinion, what is important in this is the discourse-ideological formulations and it is the social institutions that make such formulations. According to these ideological-discourse formations, institutional actors are made in ideological situations that they may be unaware of. One of the characteristics of this type of formulation is to create a kind of "naturalization" of ideologies. In such a way that they are dealt with as a definite and certain matter. 
What discourse analysis seeks is to show the influence of social structures on the shaping of discourses and the link between micro and macro structures of society, as well as the denaturalization of what has been made natural through discourse formulation.
Language is one of the ways through which the discourse of each work can be shaped in depth, because our access to the realities around us is through language. Whether in everyday conversations or in works created in literature, it is language that defines the boundaries of our knowledge of ourselves and the world around us. Now, this language represents reality. Undoubtedly, the language uses many methods and tools for naturalization, which are in the service of a specific discourse entity. One of the tools that discourse can use to create coherence and naturalization is metaphor.
Such a view of metaphor as a meaningful and even central cognitive mechanism was largely in line with CDA's research interests. As a result, CDA analyzes based on metaphor recognition have been published in a steady stream over the past decades. Identifying metaphors in the text can help reveal the implicit meaning of the text and its discourse. Since metaphors become natural little by little and their use in language is considered normal, we should seek to find similarities between the signifier and the signified in a symbolic way.
Researchers who have worked on metaphor in discourse believe that the main role of metaphors in discourse is to create coherence in it. Discourses have used many strategies to maintain or gain power and control the audience's mind, and metaphor is undoubtedly one of them. Metaphors play a role in our valuations by creating conceptual coherence. Since metaphors are becoming natural little by little and their use in language is considered normal, we should seek to find similarities between the signifier and the signified in a figurative way or in indirect metaphors, in a symbolic way. For this purpose, we must see which specific concepts and discourses are fueled by metaphors in a work.
 This coherence can be intratextual or extratextual. In the sense that conceptual metaphor can lead to the use and benefit of a specific conceptual metaphor in different historical periods or structure the text in the text itself by using targeted metaphors (Kuchesh, 2018, pp. 442 and 443). In fact, metaphors are used to achieve a specific goal. 
So, it can be said that metaphor can either strengthen existing norms or lead to a new understanding. This problem shows the important role of metaphor in influencing human belief, attitude and understanding. For this reason, the critical analysis of metaphor seeks to show the important ideological and discursive dimensions of metaphor. For this reason, it can be said that the context in which the metaphor is formed plays an effective role in its discourse analysis.

4. Results
Examining the works of children and adolescents, more than any other work, can show these changes in family discourse, because the relationship between family and children has always been an issue, and also, children's and adolescent literature works were not formed in a non-discursive and non-ideological atmosphere. In the meantime, the works before and after the revolution, more than any other time, are affected by a discourse space, and without a doubt, ideological works cannot be examined outside of their discourse space. One of the methods used by the works of these two decades to show and naturalize their ideology is metaphor.
A metaphorical space that sometimes acts openly and sometimes more covertly. What is clear is that the family in these metaphorical formats is an institution that has undergone more semantic transformation. This research is based on the main hypothesis that this metaphorization and transformation of meaning has drawn a certain ideology in the form of family and based on the findings of the research, it is the macro metaphor of family and society, which was the main basis for the formation of these ideological works.
Investigations show that in the story of Oldoz and Crows, which was written before the revolution, the characters are metaphorical, and the family is an accomplice of the capitalist system, and rebellion against it is inevitable and doomed to be eliminated. The function of metaphor in this work and similar works, thought and discourse are expressed in a simpler and more objective way.
But the point worthy of reflection in these works is that this method of objectifying and forming metaphorical characters in a discourse structure is an effort and emphasis on struggle and action. Because metaphorical actions are characterized by more obvious actions by the characters.
But in the child and the storm, which is formed in a revolutionary discourse. The family (especially the father) becomes a counter-revolutionary discourse with semantic transformation, and the emotionalization function of the metaphor, by using religious metaphors, helps to shape this discourse and normalize its understanding. In this novel, the type of use of metaphors has progressed towards mentalization, and this shows that the post-revolution discourse seeks more naturalization, creating absolute acceptance and non-struggle. To the extent that the son's revolutionary action (loading and removing the father) is considered sympathetic and emotional and justifiable in the metaphorical form of the work.
In general, it can be said that in ideological works and generally in the works of the 1970s and 1980s, the relationship between the teenager or the child and the family has not yet become an issue. It can even be said that in these works, teenager is not used in its true meaning. Whatever it is, the use of the works of this age group is to show ideologies and discourses, and in the meantime, the family has been attacked more than any other institution.
 

---

In this paper, the mechanical behavior of the Graphene Oxide (GO)/ epoxy nanocomposites has been investigated under different strain rates. To reach this goal, GO nano sheets were synthesized through Hummers method (a chemical method) and then GO/epoxy nanocomposite was prepared using the solution-based method. Standard specimens test were made from nanocomposite. In order to study the static and dynamic behavior of material, the static pressure test and the split pressure hopkinson bar test were performed on the specimens, respectively. The results showed that the stiffness and the strength of epoxy increase with adding GO to it. It was found that the behavior of epoxy is dependent on the strain rate so intense that its dynamic strength is more than static one about 50%. Furthermore, the effect of GO in low strain rates is more than high strain rates such that adding 0.3% weight ratio of GO increase the strength of epoxy by nearly 20% and 5% in 0.01 s^(-1) and 1100 s^(-1) of strain rates, respectively. In addition, the comparison of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images from the fracture surfaces of neat epoxy and its composite showed that the surface toughness of nanocomposite is more than epoxy’s.

---

 

Doogh is a dairy drink that has a special place among the drinks in the market. The two phases of this product during storage are a major problem due to the low pH and the accumulation of caseins.Therefore, in this study, the efficacy of microbial transglutaminase (at doses of 10, 15 and 20 ppm) and lipaseenzymes (at doses of 30, 45 and 60 ppm) in doogh stabilization and their effect on physicochemical, microbial, sensory and free fatty acids was investigated.To compare the mean of treatments, Duncan test was used at 5% probability level. Data analysis was done using SPSS software.
The results showed that treatment with these enzymes improved the stability.The amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the control sample is higher than the treated samples.The results of sensory evaluation showed no significant difference between treated and control samples (p> 0.05). But overall acceptance by evaluators increased with increasing dosages of enzymes in doogh.
 

 

---

Construction of buildings and structures causes to compact of soil particles and soil settlement. Hence, determination and prediction of soil settlement in the stability of structures, resulting from the applied loads, is necessary before construction. As a result of consolidation test that is relatively time-consuming and costly testing, compression index (Cc) is used to get the amount of settlement. In fact, soil settlement can cause extensive damage to a project in some cases. In order To prevent these damages, correct prediction can be useful for safe designing of structures. Cc may be as a function of various parameters such as initial void ratio of soil, moisture of liquid limit, moisture of plastic limit, plasticity index, relative density, and so on. By considering the longtime of consolidation test, researchers have tried to find relationship between these parameters and Cc from the past until now. For this reason they tried to connect Cc to other physical measurable properties of the soil.

In the past, some researchers have indirectly tried to measure these parameters. In this regard, several empirical single-parameter approaches are proposed to estimate Cc. Due to non-linear relationship between Cc and relevant parameters, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) has found as an application to solve such non-linear problems and cases where an accurate understanding of the problem is required. ANFIS is a multilayer feed forward networks that is combination of Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and Neural Network (NN). NN has ability to learn the input and output data and FIS is also capable for map the input space to the output space. ANFIS is a powerful tool to solve complex and nonlinear problems using the two mentioned features and also language power of FIS and numerical power of adaptive nervous system.

In this paper, Compression index (Cc) is modeled by ANFIS. Two ANFIS model were created by subtractive clustering (SC) and Fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM), respectively, and then trained. By data clustering, collection of training data is divided into a number of fuzzy clusters and each cluster representing the system behavior. The data were collected from the Soil Mechanics Laboratory of Mashhad city. ANFIS input parameters are taken according to the same parameters that commonly chosen in most of empirical models for determining Cc that easily determined in the laboratory. These input parameters include initial void ratio (e0), liquid limit (LL) and plastic limit (PL).
The number of required iterations for training (Epochs) in two ANFIS model, neighborhood radius (ra) in SC and number of clusters (NC) in FCM are optimized using trial and error method. After the end of solving and optimization of ANFIS models, the SC-FIS model was found in ra = 0.25 and NC =18 and the FCM-FIS model was obtained in NC = 20 with highest accuracy for prediction. Results showed both ANFIS model have a high capacity and appropriate forecasting for Cc prediction with chosen inputs parameters. Compared to the SC-FIS model, FCM-FIS is conducted prediction with higher accuracy. Using presented ANFIS models, can be predict the Cc of soils whose characteristics are within the specifications soils that used in this modeling with high accuracy and do not need to conduct consolidation tests that are very time consuming and costly.

---

Maintaining the nutritional quality and preserving pomegranate seeds is a major challange due to the fast degradation of the texture, color and overall quality of pomegranate seeds. In order to investigate the freezing of coated pomegranate seeds with chitosan and determine its quality during freezing storage, an experiment was conducted, in a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with three replications. Factors were: chitosan at three levels (0, 1 and 2%), freezing temperature at two levels (-14 ° -24 ° C) and time at 5 different storage times (14 days, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, and 120 days). The highest tissue firmness was observed for 14 days of storage under both chitosan concentrations. Interaction of different levels of chitosan coating and time had an increasing effect on the color component changes, so that the most color changes in the brightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) was related to the use of chitosan coating 2%, were maintained at 60 days. The highest total soluble solids were related to 1% chitosan under 4 months of storage at -14°C. Maximum total acidity (1.36 mg / L) was also attributed to coated pomegranate seeds during 120 days of storage under both freezing temperatures of -14°C and -24°C. The results of mean compares showed that the total phenol stability under freezing temperature was higher at -14°C and after 120 days of storage, more phenol content was observed in the seeds in -24^° C. The overall results indicated a positive effect of chitosan on maintaining the quality of pomegranate seeds during freezing, and the freezing temperature of -24^° C with decreasing color changes during storage, played an important role in reducing metabolic activity and reducing anthocyanin degradation and was effective in maintaining fruit quality.
 

---

The objective of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of nano titanium dioxide (TiO2-N) and Mentha piperita essential oil (MEO) on the equilibrum moisture sorption isotherm and microbial growth rate of Staphylococcus aureus of cassava starch film. For this purpose, cassava starch biocomposite film with the addition of 1, 3 and 5% TiO2-N and 1, 2 and 3% MEO, and glycerol as a plasticizer were obtained by the casting method. The equilibrium moisture absorption isotherm and antibacterial activity of prepared nanobiocomposite films against Staphylococcus aureus were examined. The obtained results demonstrated that by addition of nanoparticles and essential oil to the starch biocomposites, the equilibrium moisture absorption isotherm curve was shifted to lower moisture content. The microbial tests stated that the pure cassava starch film (control) showed no antibacterial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus and the antibacterial activity significantly increased with increasing concentration of both TiO2-N and MEO in the starch films (p<0.05). However, the antibacterial activity of TiO2-N nanoparticles was higher than MEO. Addition of TiO2-N and MEO increased lag phase and decreased log phase in microbial growth curve. Finally, according to the obtained results in this study, it can be concluded that incorporation of TiO2-N and MEO combination improved the antibacterial activity of cassava starch biocomposites against Staphylococcus aureus and these bionanocomposite films can be used for packaging and extending the shelf life of food products.

---

Today, yogurt is produced as the most important probiotic dairy product worldwide and marketed. The combination of prebiotics with probiotics is called synbiotics, which have more beneficial effects on host health. This study was performed to compare the effect of inulin and green banana flour on the properties of synbiotic yogurt during 28 days of refrigerated storage. Inulin and green banana flour were used at 2% levels in synbiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus coagulans and compared with control (probiotic) yogurt. The results showed that with increasing storage time, the acidity of all treatments increased and the pH value decreased. Addition of inulin and green banana flour increased the acidity and decreased the pH in the synbiotic samples, but no significant difference was observed between the two prebiotics used. Dry matter content in synbiotic treatments was significantly higher than control treatments (P <0.05).The presence of both prebiotic compound had a positive effect on the survival capability of probiotic bacteria in yogurt. The effect of inulin on the survival of Lactobacillus plantarum was greater than of green banana flour, but in treatment of Bacillus coagulans there was no significant difference between the two prebiotics. Count of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus coagulans was higher than the recommended limit of 6 Log cfu /g in all samples of synbiotic yogurt during storage for 4 weeks. Survival of Bacillus coagulans were higher than Lactobacillus plantarum. According to the results of this study, it can be said that green banana flour has pre-biotic properties and is effective in maintaining the survival of probiotic bacteria, so it can be concluded that this combination has a high potential for use in healthy foods.

---

E-governance represents a paradigm shift regarding the role of government and its interaction with citizens. It calls for more citizens participation in the decision-making process provided in electronic forms. Due to the high failure rate of the e-government projects implementation, more attention to this issue is required. Municipalities are organizations that have extensive interaction with citizens. This study seeks to identify and prioritize values of e-governance in municipalities. The e-governance values were extracted from literature via comprehensive literature review. In order to confirm and prioritize these values, the data were collected via questionnaire from experts in the municipality of the city of Qom. The research population was managers and experts of electronic services. Data analysis was performed using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The findings showed that among the extracted values from literature, promoting the balanced development of urban services, improving network security and social justice by providing equal opportunities for access to information in electronic form have the highest priority.