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The Semantic Script Theory of Humor is the first complete linguistic theory on humor. This theory, that was in fact a radical departure from the traditionally taxonomic approach of puns and humor, was first introduced by Victor Raskin. He was the first linguist that analyzed the structures of humor from the semantic view point, and could identify the structure of joke. In Raskin’s view, a semantic theory must include two abstract concepts: a set of the whole scripts available to the speakers and a set of compositional rules. The purpose of this article is to introduce this theory and to answer this question that which objections on the basis of Persian data may be made to this theory. For this purpose, we studied a number of Persian jokes published in Iranian Humor Press, and by the analysis of these texts, we could show some weaknesses of the theory. The results of this study showed that the way of analysis in Raskin’s Semantic Scripts theory, which is based on listing all of the scripts involved in the words used in the humorous text, has some weaknesses in analyzing Persian Jokes; such as not being compatible with the linguistic processing realities and for having time-consuming redundant complexities, it is not applicable on long Persian jokes.

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Tehran is the capital and the largest city in north of Iran with 614 square kilometers area, it is located in the south slopes of Alborz and 112 km south of the Caspian Sea, and originally (more than 400 years ago) it was relatively large village. The famous village of that time called Kan village, which was located northwest of current Tehran. The antiquity Of Kan village goes back at least 1200 to 1400 years ago and one of the oldest rivers of Rey county that originate from Imam Zadeh Davoud mountains to the lake of Qom, It goes along the rural texture of Kan and irrigates Kan gardens and it is the witnesses of this claim. In the recent few decades, the growth wave and rapid growth of urbanization has also spread to this area and Kan is now locating in the Tehran. The construction orientation of the programs is directed to destruct the village and gardens and green zones and open area. Following this problem, the present study seeks to change the approach from quantitative growth to qualitative growth. And the main question is, as regards importance of the subject, how to preserve existing natural green resources through green neighborhood revival, can we introduce Kan neighborhood of Tehran city, as urban village? And through this, instead of generating income from the destruction of gardens and construction, protect the last collection of aggregate gardens in Tehran metropolis.

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Background: Integrons are considered as to play a significant role in the evolution and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes.
Materials and Methods: A total of 120 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (collected from Zanjan hospitals between March 2015 and February 2016) were investigated for molecular characterization of MBLs and Class I and II integrons. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was also performed based on the CLSI guidelines. The frequency of MBL producing isolates and the susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents were investigated.
Results: Based on the obtained results, Bla_IMP was the most frequently detected metallo-β-lactamase. The frequency of bla_VIM, blaSPM, and bla_SIM, in MBL producing isolates was 17.1, 57.1, and 14.1%, respectively. No bla_GIM harboring isolate was detected in our study. We detected two (5.7%) multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated from the urine and sputum samples, which harbored bla_NDM-1. These isolates also contained bla_IMP and bla_SPM. Class I integron was detected in 94.3% of the MBL positive isolates while 8.5% of the isolates contained Class II integrons. Of five different gene cassettes identified in Class I and II integrons, cassette encoding resistance to trimethoprim (dfr) was found to be predominant.
Conclusion: These results indicate that Class I integrons are widespread among the MBL producing P. aeruginosa isolates. Therefore, appropriate surveillance and control measures are essential to prevent the further spread of MBL and integron producing P. aeruginosa in hospitals.­­

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Aim: The present study investigated the relationship between religiosity (religious orientation) and vitality and mental health in male and female prisoners of North Khorasan Province, Iran.
Methods: 130 of 200 male and female prisoners were selected as sample size, and religiosity questionnaires were distributed among them (Intrinsic-extrinsic religious belief in this study was measured by Religious Orientation Scale, developed by Allport Regression test was used to analyze the data gathered in this study.
Findings: the research finding showed a significant relationship between religious orientation and mental health and vitality of prisoners, which means that the relationship between mental health and being religious is stronger than the relationship between vitality and being religious. In other words, the more is religiosity, the less are symptoms, and as a result, the more are mental health and vitality. The results showed that the proportion of mental health and vitality of males was larger than females. Also the proportion of religiosity among females was larger than males.
Conclusion: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between religious orientation and the mental health of prisoners.

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Syntactic movement is one of the most attractive parts of the Universal Grammar which has conserved its importance from the starting models of this theory to its recent models; and there have been a lot of explanations for the operations of this syntactic process in the language structures of different languages. Despite many efforts of Persian linguists, many issues of Universal Grammar, especially in minimalist approach, are still unexplored in the Persian language.
In this paper, we will have a more detailed investigation of the syntax of Persian sentences and the complexities of this kind of movements, on the basis of Minimalism. Regarding this objective, we will introduce some unique and distinguishing properties of downward movements and will study four types of downward movements in Persian language, from which downward movements of the heads of Agreement, Tense and Negation projections can be mentioned.
It seems that, accepting the possibility of syntactic downward movements, there will be better explanations for the syntax of Persian sentences and the positions of functional nodes in the hierarchical organization of Persian sentences in their derivation.
 

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The present study is a meta-analysis of research implemented in the field of human resource management. The purpose of this study is to quantify the results of research conducted in the field of the impact of human resource management functions using the ability-motivation-opportunity (A-M-O) model on the organizational outputs. Using the effect size calculation method and CMA2 software, 145 articles in the period of 2008 – 2019 taken from management research journals in Iran have been reviewed. The results showed that there is a positive relationship between the HRM functions and the organizational outputs. Findings of this study for managers of organizations indicate that investing in ability-enhancing, motivation-enhancing, and the opportunity-enhancing functions in human resource management will have a significant and positive effect on increasing financial and operational output of organizations.

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In many industrial processes, in the middle stages of production, the final product or residuals contains aqueous suspensions. The instability of suspensions is one of the main challenges towards the mentioned processes. Present study is the result of an experimental investigation that analyzed the effect of Silica nanoparticles on the stabilization of Zirconia microsuspension. The effect of Zeta potentialof micro and nanoparticles on theperformance of the stabilization method by generation of nanoparticle halos were studied experimentally. The turbidity of microparticle suspension, was measured before and after addition of nanoparticles at different PH values. The results of experiments shows that for all PH values, the addition of nanoparticles increases the stability of the suspension.The achieved stability is due to the formation of nanoparticle halos that has been observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Nanoparticle halos decreases the Wan der Waals attractive force and increases the electrostatic charge of microparticles and consequently increases the stability of the resultant suspension.The strength of the stability varies with PH values due to the difference in the electric charge. The maximum stability occurs at the isoelectric point of Zirconia microparticles. When microparticles have relatively low electric charge, the potential sink around them are deeper and thus more nanoparticles form halos. The minimum stabilization also occurs when the microparticles have relatively high electric charge that increases the repulsive force between micro and nanoparticles.

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Alzheimer is the most common form of dementia. Amyloid beta peptides play a key role in the pathology of Alzheimer and the recent surveys have demonstrated that amyloid beta oligomers are the most toxic component of them. Among oligomers, considering the high durability of dimer in comparison to other kinds, it has more toxic effects. Prefoldin is a molecular chaperone which prevents accumulation of misfolded proteins. Prefoldin is demonstrated that it can also operate as a nano actuator. In this article, we investigate the interaction between the prefoldin nano actuator and dimeric pathogenic nano cargo in molecular dimensions, hence the all-atom molecular dynamic simulation in explicit solvent were performed at physiological temperature. Visualizing the results and investigating the atomic distance between nano actuator and pathogenic nano cargo revealed that two arms of six arms of prefoldin nano actuator have been able to capture cargo and during the simulation they have made hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, investigating the hydrophobic effects between the hydrophobic amino acids in the cargo and nano actuator revealed that these effects have positively affected the stability of the binding between arms and the cargo. This article introduces the prefoldin as an inhibitor factor for dimeric oligomer from amyloid beta.

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In this study, we tried to have investigation of elastic properties of Prefoldin nano-actuator on the microscopic scale. Prefoldin is a molecular chaperone that prevented the aggregation of misfolded proteins and it has been shown that it can also serve as a Nano-actuator (drug delivery). To this end, steered molecular dynamics simulations have been used, which investigate the theory of spring constant in the molecular test based on the theory of two springs in series. The results expressed in form of young’s modulus. The results show that Prefoldin nano actuator exhibit different behaviors at different pulling rates and to what extent of tension, each tentacle of this nano actuator remains stable. The resulting Young's modulus for the Prefoldin chains was obtained at a rate of (3-3.3 ± 0.01 Gpa). By providing the complete understanding of mechanical properties of Prefoldin nano actuator, it is possible to exact investigating of Prefoldin nano actuator applications in intelligent drug delivery and capture the pathogenic cargos.

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Petroleum is the major source of energy and the activities related to the petroleum industry leading to high volumes of wastewater and emissions different pollutants to water systems. According to studies, world oil demand will increase to about 107 million barrels a day over the next two decades, and about 32 percent of global energy will be provided from Petroleum by 2030. Thus wastewater resulting from oil and refinery industry is increasingly rising and discharges into the environment, which is a serious threat to the world's water resources. A large amount of water is used to extract and to refine the petroleum in oil refineries, thus produce the large amounts of wastewater. The wastewaters containing various kinds of pollutants with different concentrations are of environmental problems due to high organic load and hard-biodegradable compounds. With the increasing drinking water standards and environmental stricter regulations relation to discharge of sewage, electrochemical technologies have gained their importance all over the world during the last two decades and now electrochemical processes such as recovery of metals, electrocoagulation, electro-flotation and electro-oxidation can be effective technologies in the field of different wastewater treatment. In the electrocoagulation process by applying an electric current to the cathode and anode electrodes in a conductive solution by dissolving anode, coagulants produced in situ and cause the flocs is that they are floating with bubbles of hydrogen gas generated at the cathode. The metal ion generation takes place at the anode, while hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode. The metal ions form flocculates which trap contaminants while the hydrogen gas floats these particles. In this study, the electrocoagulation process was carried out with the use of a cathode and an anode made of stainless steel to reduce pollution from synthesis wastewater. For this purpose, the various parameters are optimized separately in this system by one factorial method, and then use experiment design methods. The effects of five parameters including the electrode surface, initial COD concentration, current density, pH and NaCl concentration were evaluated in the range of 23.36 to 78.36 cm2, 100 to 2500 mg/L, 2 to 30 mA/cm2, 3 to 11 and 0.3 to 2 g/L, respectively, in the case of electrocoagulation process. The optimum conditions of electrode surface, initial COD concentration, current density, pH and NaCl concentration were achieved 23.36 cm2, 900 mg/L, 20 mA/cm2, 8.5 and 0.5 g/L, respectively, for this process with energy consumption of 7.3 kWh/kg CODRem and electrode consumption of 0.4 Kg Fe/Kg CODRem during 60 minutes. The results of the experimental design of response surface methodology were confirmed the results of OFAT method with acceptable obtained error for the electrocoagulation processes. Based on results from experimental design of response surface methodology in this process, current density, time, pH and concentration of sodium chloride, respectively, were the most influential parameters. Electro-coagulation process seems to be an economic and environmental friendly process to remove the pollutants from wastewater. It has been demonstrated that electrocoagulation process with the use of stainless steel anode and cathode is a very effective and operative method to degrade Petroleum pollution and reduce COD.

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