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Existence of huge reserves of natural gas in the country and also the extent of its distribution lines has caused the use of natural gas as the main energy carrier. Seasonal fluctuations in gas consumption in domestic sector and giving priority to this sector has led that the gas supply to other sectors such as thermal power plants is faced with many problems in the cold season. One way to deal with this issue (shortage of natural gas) is the liquefaction and storage of surplus natural gas in the summer, using peak-shaving gas liquefaction plants. In this study, SMR and N2-expander processes have been evaluated. Changing in operational and environmental parameters (such as changes in flow rate, pressure, temperature and composition of the feed gas and working fluid of the cycle) are the main problems that peak-shaving plants will be permanently encountered with them, thus low sensitivity to changing conditions is the one of the important criteria in the selection of suitable process for peak-shaving. In this study, the sensitivity of liquefaction processes has been investigated using normalized sensitivity analysis. The results indicate that SMR process, despite lower power consumption is more sensitive to changes of the environmental and operational parameters and even, in some cases, the applied perturbation in the probable error range of measurement devices (such as 20 kPa uncertainty or fluctuation in compressor suction pressure), causes malfunction of the liquefaction process (wet entering the compressor).

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In this study, the method of molecular dynamics simulation is performed to investigate the shockwave propagation in a solid. The simulation cell contains 51840 atoms at 5 K interacting by means of a pairwise potential. The shockwave is generated using the motion of a piston with different velocities in the solid and the resulted shockwave velocity is in good agreement with the experimental data and the Hugoniot curve. The piston hited the sample from one side of the simulation box, at speeds ranging from 1.2 to 1.3 times the speed of sound in solid argon at the chosen density. Some thermodynamics properties such as density, temperature and pressure are measured during propagation of shockwave. It is found that those thermodynamics properties (density, temperature and pressure) are remarkably and significantly increase when the shockwave passed through the solid. We also show that creating initial strain in the solid up to 6.5% can enhance the pressure increment in the solid up to 9%. The results can be useful in enhancing of the shockwave power by giving a detailed microscopic description of the process.

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In this study, the double stage mixed refrigerant LNG system is investigated, which is known for having the highest efficiency among the liquefaction cycles. The main purpose is to evaluate the performance double stage mixed refrigerant LNG system of point of view effect of variations the environmental and operating conditions of feed that has not been previously discussed. Such as variable environmental conditions during liquefaction processes, temperature, pressure and feed gas composition are. To view the response of the DMR liquefaction system to these changes, system which has been designed and implemented, was selected as the base case.The Results show that with decreasing temperature and increasing pressure feed natural gas, as an advantage, specific shaft work decreases and since in this case, minimum approach temperature in heat exchangers only slightly reduced than the allowed amount 3°C therefore with accepting a safety factor less (to insignificant amount) than the optimal case, can be used of this available advantage. Also, with increasing temperature and decreasing pressure of feed natural gas, while increasing the specific shaft work as well as temperature cross occurs in heat exchangers and means to from entering of the feed natural gas in the area prevented with special controls. Also, any changes in mole fraction of natural gas components make temperature cross in heat exchangers. And due to the change of the natural gas components mole percent, during the life of the well, should over time, the refrigerant composition in the cycle is optimized regarding to new conditions.