---

Dragon’s head Lallemantia iberica, currently is grown as an oilseed crop in dry areas of Iran. In 2019, symptoms including seedling damping-off, yellows, and wilt were observed on the plants in a commercial field in Maragheh province, Iran. Based on the morphological and molecular characters, the fungus isolated from symptomatic plants was identified as Fusarium acuminatum. The pathogenicity of the fungus was confirmed through inoculation of the host plant. Subsequently, Koch’s postulates were fulfilled by re-isolation of the same fungus from the inoculated symptomatic plants. This is the first report of Fusarium wilt disease occurring in Dragon’s head in Iran and worldwide.


 

---

Khaghani, this self-confident singer does not consider anyone worthy of competition among his contemporaries. And he says: "I have a conflict with our predecessors." Therefore, he challenges the king of Arab poets, Junduh bin Hujr al-Kindi, known as Imru' al-Qais, to fight. He challenges"Qefa Nabak" poetry. It is clear that the examination of such a claim should be done in the Arabic poems of Khaqani, this bilingual singer. So, in this research, in order to gain a new understanding of the character of the two poets, we will use the French method of comparative literature to evaluate Khaqani's "Bakt-e-Rabba" and "Qefa Nabak" of Amrual-Qis. And we try to answer this question, how can Khaqani's view be evaluated in dealing with the poem "Qefa Nabak"? In order to get the answer to the above question, one should first explore the weight, rhyme, language and vocabulary in the upper layer. Then, in the infrastructure, crying over atlal and daman, its time and place in the sorrow of the singers, how to deal with the place and why, the style of each poet in self-praise, the singers' attitude towards morning and night, and finally, the connection between Khaqani and Amrualqis with the phenomenon. We have checked.
 

---

---

Khaqani Shirvani, the bilingual scholar. .He has written poetry in Persian and Arabic. Whose arabic poems have been the basis of some studies Like the works of his order and prose during past years. Khaqani’s Arabic Poems Article is one of them which is published by Persian Literature Textology Journal of Isfahan University In the summer of the year one thousand three hundred and ninety-six. The present study criticizes the mentioned article in a nutshell Because researchers know that criticizing and comprehending this article provides researchers with background to firstly always take scientific method and Secondly the journals try to make opportunity only for the publication of scholarly works and researches. Subject newness, integrity and explaining about Khaqani’s imagism continuity method and…are among good desired features of Khaqani’s Arabic Poems Article.
 Even though ambiguous title Neglect in recording, different publications misuse, not using specialized sources, prolonged introduction, wrong analysis, misunderstanding arrays, superficial understanding of Khaqani’s Arabic poems, inaccurate reading of past studies about those poems, wrong translation of poems  and plagiarism are among the drawbacks of this article
 

---

It is a typological observation in more than 90% of languages where the basic word order is either subject–verb–object (SVO) or subject–object–verb (SOV). Functional typologists believe that the prevalence of these two orders; in which the subject precedes the two other elements, and the verb and the object are contiguous is due to the functions of language in the real world. Hence, the two principles of subject salience and verb-object contiguity have been proposed. The typological explanations put forward for these two principles hold that transitive sentences of a language have come into existence as a result of the encoding of the prototypical transitive action scenario. In such a scenario, subject salience is a result of the fact that the transitive action scenario is started by the doer of the activity. Also, because of the tight causal relationship between the activity and its receiver, the linguistic counterparts of these two elements, too, tend to be contiguous. Since functional pressures can only be manifested in language through human cognition, the present paper looks at the cognitive processes involved in the cross-linguistic prevalence of the afore-mentioned word orders.