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According to the “Theory of Abjection”, the subject, upon entering the domain of the symbolic order, considers what he recognizes as alien and dangerous object for the borders of his subjectivity as “abjection” and tries to reject it. Julia Kristeva considers the literary text as a superior sign of abjection, a place where the author displays the contamination of people's souls and whatever causes these contamination, so that people can achieve exaltation and purification by using words and phrases and creating a suitable atmosphere. The present study, with descriptive analytical method, investigates and compares abjection in two works of The Beauty Queen of Leenane and Prince Ehtjab from two different countries in order to investigate the root of traumas and abjections of the Prince and Maureen’s soul through symbolic order. These two characters are looking for their innocence and removing the abjections from their lives, and they imagine that they are trying to join the pure order. In this regard, they use various methods such as denying the mother-child relationship, denying the mother as an abjection, trying to defend the privacy of subjectivity, struggling to remove the abjection and using unpleasant words. But in the end, their efforts are useless and they themselves have somehow become abjected, their hands are bloodstained and they drown into nothingness.

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The labor income share is constant under the assumptions of a Cobb-Douglas production function and perfect competition. This paper modifies these assumptions, and investigates how to behave actually dynamic the labor income share within the Iranian manufacturing industries through estimating the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor and the price markup. This paper estimates such elasticity by using of a CES production function under perfect and imperfect competition in the product market. The degree of imperfect competition is measured following the Rojer approach. This dynamism in labor income share is explained by (1) a non-unitary elasticity of substitution between capital and labor; and (2) non-perfect competition in the product market. The results show that the elasticity of substitution is 0.75 under perfect competition without price markup, but it is 0.65 under imperfect competition with price markup. These mean that the elasticity of substitution decreases due to the presence of the price markup in imperfect competition regime, while labor income share increases highly by increase in capital intensity.  

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In this paper, a new model for estimation of the electrical conductivity of polymer carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites based on the conventional power-law model and Halpin-Tsai formulation has been proposed. Halpin-Tsai model was originally presented to calculate the tensile modulus of composites, which can be modified for estimation of the electrical conductivity by replacing the electrical parameters. The nature of “b” exponent in power-law model is defined according to CNT dimensions, CNT electrical conductivity and the interphase thickness and also the impacts of these parameters on the “b” and the electrical conductivity of nanocomposite are taken into consideration. The developed model interprets that the electrical conductivity of polymer-CNT nanocomposite increases as the concentration, length and electrical conductivity of CNT and the interphase thickness increase. Furthermore, reduction in CNT diameter and waviness results in growth of nanocomposite electrical conductivity. In order to validate the developed model, nanocomposite samples with different volume fractions were produced by solid-state technique of the melt-blending method. The results of calculations and experimental procedure show good agreement.