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Volume 3, Issue 11 (Autumn 2022)
Abstract

Nostalgia is one of the important issues in behavioral sciences, which has received the attention of some disciplines, including psychology, in recent years. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of nostalgic sports advertisements on the nostalgic ability of the fans of the national football team and their desire to attend the stadium. In terms of purpose, the research method is applied research, in terms of field execution method, and terms of analysis,descriptive-correlation. The statistical population included male fans of the Iranian national football team. The statistical population of this research is 100,000 people, and the sample size is 384 people based on Morgan's table. They were selected using a simple random sampling method. To collect data, nostalgic advertising questionnaire (Merchant 2013), nostalgic capability questionnaires, evoked nostalgia (Pascal 2002), nostalgic personality (Meyer, 2010), nostalgic affectivity (Routledge, 2009) and willingness to attend the stadium questionnaire (Safarzadeh, 2013) were used to collect data SPSS and Smart PLS software were used to analyze the research data. The research findings showed that the effect of nostalgic advertisements with coefficients of 0.86 and 0.30 on nostalgic ability and desire to attend the stadium was directly significant. Nostalgic ability also significantly affected fans' desire to participate in the stadium, with a coefficient of 0.52. The indirect effect of nostalgic advertisements on the desire to attend the stadium (mediated by nostalgic ability) was 0.66. For this reason, it is suggested that in the marketing based on nostalgic elements for the national football team, the typology of the fans should be done based on the types of nostalgic capabilities.
 

Volume 12, Issue 2 (June & July 2021 (Articles in Persian) 2021)
Abstract

The focus of this research is on lingual instruments which can be used for tracing a single identity through the text. 80 girls and women attended in this study and narrated the Pear Story. Pear Story is a universal nonverbal film which is designed by Chafe in 1980. The data were stored and were analyzed by statistical tests. For qualitative analysis the concept of Roach’s basic level was used. Both groups were equal in using the hyponym words but they were different in using the opposite side. They also were different in tracing the identity of words. It means that they have referent to a word after its first mentioning, although equal referring to a word in all text had high frequency in both groups. It seems that children became similar in their vocabulary to adults; but based these results we have to consider the differences in every content.
1. Introduction
The emergence of the narrative almost coincides with the first memories that adults remember from their childhood. It can be said that narrative is a representation of an event or a set of events (Abbott, 2002, p. 13). Narration is the main subject of this study and to do that, 40 9-year-old children and 40 females 22- to 18-year-old adults have orally told a non-verbal film, the "Pear" story. Made by Chief (1980), the film is used as a universal tool for extracting information from translating non-linguistic experience into linguistic storytelling. The purpose of this film is to extract and study linguistic examples from all over the world. Data from some languages, including English, German, Greek, Japanese, Chinese, and Mayan Indians, have been reviewed, analyzed, and compared, but there is no room for a detailed study of Persian data. In this research, the method of word selection and the quality of preserving the identity of those words throughout what is mentioned in the oralization of this narration are investigated.
Oralization of characters and objects in discourse is a limited but important area. When the speaker encounters an object whose understanding needs to be explained, the object must first be introduced in discourse as an objective phenomenon, and then it must be traced through the inference of the narrative. The main question that arises in this research is how objects are introduced and followed in discourse? Also, we seek to know what are the characteristics of the word choice of female children and adults in the expression of the narrative? The zero hypotheses that can be considered in response are as follows:
  • Vocabulary selection is the same at the whole and part level for the two age groups.
  • The choice of vocabulary, including super-ordinate, hyponym, co- hyponym, pronoun and metaphor, is equal in both age groups.
  • The traces of the words’ identity in the first reference in the narration and in the subsequent references are equal in the two age groups.
2. Methodology
In this research, the participants' choice of words to refer to specific phenomena has been investigated. While words have meaning and significance, they participate only in a part of the general conceptualization and the complete understanding of the sentence depends on the Encyclopedic knowledge (Langacker, 1987). Rosch et al. (1976) state "Among all levels of abstraction in which anything can be classified, there is a level of abstraction where the most information is obtained with the least cognitive effort, which we call the ‘main’ level." In this research, this concept and the semantic relationship of hyponymy are used to evaluate word selection.
Eighty participants in two equal groups of girls and women participated in this study. The age of the child participants was 9 years and the age of the adult participants was 18 to 22 years. First, a 6-minute non-verbal film "Pear Film" was shown to participants. Before showing the film, participants were told that they were going to see a film and then tell the researcher what they had seen. Finally, the recorded data were transcribed in the same way as dialogs.
Just as it is possible to break the "picking" process into several sub-events, it is also possible to refer to the participants in each process as a whole or as part of the whole. For example, when it was said "gardener", the word was placed in the whole (human) category, but the phrase "hand" was placed in the part category. Finally, in the discussion of word choice, the concept of identity trace is introduced, that is, the word used at the beginning of a narrative to refer to a particular case, is it repeated in the same way until the end or are they replaced by other words that convey the same meaning? To investigate this case, it was enough to examine the identity of the word pear in 80 narrations.
Example: Main word: pear
Superordinate: fruit, crop, pear / fruit tree
Hyponymy: unripe pear
Co- hyponymy: quince, apple
Pronoun: that, one of
Metaphor: stolen meal, illegal property (In reference to the pear)
 
3. Results
The results of this study can be summarized as follows:
  •  Although there are only 7 actors in front of the multitude of objects and situations in the story, the reference to human beings has the most attention and focus;
  •  There is no relationship between the words used and the age group (child and adult) at the whole level.
  •  In contrast, there is a significant relationship between the words used and the age group (child and adult) at the part level and the choice of words depended on the age group
  •  In narration when there is more than one lexical choice, speakers prefer to refer to phenomena using words with a moderate degree of abstraction. It was seen that the choice of vocabulary level depends on the age group
  •  The data showed that there was no relationship between the onset of the term and the age variable (child and adult).
  •  According to the data, there is a significant relationship between the identity of the words used and the age variable (child and adult).
In fact, the two groups have focused differently on expressing a single concept. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that in general, lexical knowledge is not the same in the two identified age groups. This difference should logically be taken into account in the design of textbooks, storybooks, games, and anything in the realm of words related to children of this age
Mohsen BoOjari, Esmail Mahmoodi, Ali Abbas Nejad, Sasan Sarmast,
Volume 16, Issue 9 (11-2016)
Abstract

Wind turbines are highly complex structures for numerical flow simulation. Today, developments and increasing the use of wind energy in the world has created a demand for increasingly accurate and efficient models for wind applications. Wind turbine wakes have significant effects on decreasing the produced power and blades fatigue loads. thus, the wakes study has great importance in wind turbine simulations. Actuator line model (ALM) is one of the most accurate models for characterization of the flow field and the turbulent wakes created by the turbines. AL model does not require boundary layer resolution and is thus significantly more efficient than the fully-resolved computations. this model can accurately simulate the wakes of wind turbines operating in a flow field without any need to create or import the CAD models of turbine and just by using turbine parameters. In this paper, AL method implemented in openFOAM solver and a new method used to spread forces on actuator lines. in order to validate the results, MEXICO rotor was modeled and large eddy simulation’s turbulence model is used to investigate the flow field around wind turbine. Simulation has been done for two different conditions include design conditions and stalled conditions. Results obtained for predicted wakes and performance parameters, were compared to experimental data and it was observed that the ALM results agree well with measured data. Stall condition’s results were in better agreement with experimental dada so that the thrust had 8.5% difference and the toque and power had 2.8 and 2.4% respectively.
Mohammad Hasan Ojari, Hamid Jannesari, Abbas Rouhani Bastami, Poyan Hashemi Tari,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (5-2018)
Abstract

Various solutions have been suggested to overcome the issue when cooling peak hours and electric energy consumption coincide. One of the solutions is to store the cooling load at off-peak hours. One of the most conventional types of storage systems is the ice-on-coil storage system. The low heat transfer rate in this system is one of the challenges. Since the conduction heat transfer coefficient of ice is low, by starting the ice formation, the heat transfer between the refrigerant inside the coil and the reservoir’s water will reduce. One idea to increase the heat transfer rate is to postpone the starting time of the freezing process to keep active the natural convection mechanism. In the present study, mechanical vibration has been used to linger freezing initiation in ice-on-coil energy storage system. The effect of longitudinal and lateral positioning of the probe, on the amount of temperature and initiation time of freezing as well as the amount and structure of formed ice has been investigated. The results revealed that placing the vibrator at the middle of coil over its two ends leads to further increase in the amount of formed ice. It is found that applying mechanical vibration can postpone the initiation time of the freezing process and decrease the subcooling temperature. Moreover, it is shown that the amount of ice formation is a function of subcooling temperature and initiation time of freezing. Finally, the energy consumption of the vibrator and the energy consumption reduction in peak-hour are calculated.

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