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Mirajnamehs are narrative poetry that refer specifically to the Ascension of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The creators of these poetic texts have composed their works by imitating or slightly changing the prior ones. Following the approach of Searle’s speech act and Genet’s hypertextuality, the analytical –descriptive method, and library research tools, this article explores the structural and linguistic interplay of Mirajnamehs. It was hypothesized that the poetic texts were hypertextually connected and the contemporary narrators consciously followed the prior narrators in composing their poems. Examining 26 similar sequences indicated that not only the works of Sanai and Khaqani with 17 subordinate poets were hypotexts of other texts, but also Sanai, Qawwami, Akhsikati and Molana were not subordinate to other poets; moreover, it clarified that contemporary poets had a greater tendency for the change rather than the imitation; in addition, it revealed that the quantitative generative transformation of the aesthetic expansion type as well as the applied transformation of the qualitative internal type had a higher frequency; furthermore, it showed that the most diverse speech acts were those of Helali and the most frequent ones belonged to Khajoo. All things considered, detailing, adding figures of speech and act episodes and actors, description, educational and moral discussions, creating a contrast between two concepts or characters, creating dialogues and using auxiliary characters were the reasons for the high frequency of speech acts in similar sequences.
 

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Throughout the history, women writers, regardless of geographical, historical and cultural variations, have always been faced with the same concerns and challenges. Women's literature depicts a world based on the masculine priorities and logic concerns. So, due to disturbing laws written by men, women writers have tried to use "feminine aesthetic" and find a proper language to express their concerns and aspirations. In this way, they were capable to represent a clear picture of the woman as it should be.  In Iranian and Italian contemporary literature, many women authors have created works based on women's issues. Among these works, we can mention the works of Zoya Pirzad and Alba Deses Pedes who narrate, in a specific manner, the same story about women's challenges and concerns. This paper applies "Theory of the Gynesis in Women Writing" to these two novels formed in two different geographical and cultural origins, and aims to answer the question of how the common characteristics of feminine writing engender fundamental similarities in plot, narrative and characterization? What we can say with certainty is that the characteristics and common factors in both text and meta-text of these two feminine writings engender a realistic and measured image of "women situation" in these two societies

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Supply chain Integration importance leads to this believe that some scholars express that the whole concept of supply chain management is derived from integration. Providing the basis for creation and effective continuation of supply chain management requires the recognition of main factors affecting the integration. Studies reveal that the organizations with higher levels of social capital are more successful than their rivals. So, the purpose of this study is to surveying Social Capital Influence on Supply Chain Integration. Considering the purpose, this study is applied research, and based on its research methodology, it is a correlation descriptive, and it is specifically based on the structural equation models. The population consisted of 435 organizations in food industry of Fars province in Iran, and via employing stratified sampling, 124 executives related to supply chain management were selected and the questionnaires were distributed and collected data were analyzed. This model suggests that five factors influence Supply Chain Integration, and the purpose of the research was to investigate the influence of social capital on these factors. The results indicated that the social capital has positive and direct relation with integration, communication pattern, trust and commitment and has no direct relation with power and attitude.  

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Lovastatin is a potent agent for lowering cholesterol of blood. Since one of the main reasons of mortality in developing countries is cardiovascular disease, which is caused by precipitation of fatty acid (especially cholesterol) in blood vessels; therefore diets containing lovastatin may prevent this type of disease. In this study, Lovastatin, monacolin K or competitive inhibitor of the HMG-CoA reductase (operative enzyme for cholesterol synthesis) was produced by submerged fermentation using Monascus purpureus PTCC5303. Seven chemical and nutritional parameters including maltose, peptone, MgSO4.7H2O, MnSO4.H2O, KH2PO4, thiamin and pH screened using Plackett Burman experimental design for monacolin production. Among different parameters, maltose and MgSO4.7H2O showed significant effect on biomass and monacolin production. The concentration of these agents were optimized using response surface methodology for lovastatin production in the shaker flask. The optimized medium contained 26 g/L maltose, 5 g/L peptone, 0.1 g/L MgSO4.7H2O, MnSO4.H2O 0.5 g/L, 4 g/L KH2PO4, Vitamin B1 0.1 g/L and pH 7. After 10 days of fermentation in the shaker flask with 130 rpm agitation and 30 ºC, we achieved maximum lovastatin production which was 63 mg/l.

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Despite organizations become technological and are changed into a pile of hardware nowadays, the role of human as a vital and strategic factor for survival of organization is noticeable. Human resources are the most worth resource in modern organization. Because they form organizational decisions, solve the organizational problems and materialize productivity. As human resources are important and have a noticeable role in the organization, human resources allocation is important too. This research has been performed in 23Shiraz emergency centers. For practical use of models, important factors for optimal human resources allocation in Shiraz emergency centers were determined by interview and checklist. Then human resources allocation was done in 23 Shiraz emergency centers by using CDEA model. Number of missions, ambulances and requests were predicted for efficiency calculation after optimal allocation by regression method. Efficiency comparison after and before allocation showed efficiency average has increased in centers.

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Backgrounds: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections. Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor of S. aureus, leading to its high resistance to antibiotics and evasion from host defenses. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of biofilm-producing S. aureus strains and characterize genes involved in biofilm formation.
Materials & Methods: A total of 79 S. aureus strains were isolated from 1000 clinical samples and characterized using phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular tests. The biofilm production ability of isolates was examined using the microtiter assay. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in biofilm production (psm A and psm B) was screened using real-time PCR. Finally, antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby-Bauer method and interpreted according to the CLSI M100 standard.
Findings: Out of 79 S. aureus isolates, 43 (54.4%) isolates were strong biofilm producers, 21 (26.6%) isolates were weak biofilm producers, and 15 (19%) isolates were non-adhesive. The results of real-time PCR showed that 55 (86%), 60 (93.7%), and 46 (58.2%) isolates were positive for psm A, psm B, and both genes, respectively. The results of antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that all the isolates were resistant to two or more antibiotics.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of biofilm-forming S. aureus strains in hospital environments could be a major health challenge with serious outcomes for hospitalized patients. Thus, it is necessary to disinfect hospital environments to reduce the risk of infection and spread of these microorganisms.
 

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Narration of the Risalat al-tayr (TREATISE OF THE BIRDS) has an important place among the educational works in Persian Literature. In each story, value/s are defined by means of actors trying to achieve them.  The narrator makes an attempt to get the actor to the axiological system of story and create narrative periods. By Narrative periods we mean that from the 1960s (the peak of structuralism till now), narrations have been based on a model, each period is different from the other in terms of theoretical and semeiotic and semantic aspects. Semiotics and semantics tries to categorize the narrative periods of classic and modern literature. Identification and exploration of narrative periods of Farsi and Arabic Risalat al-tayr with focus on investigation of axiological system of dialogue allows us to move beyond this generation and provide a model for narrative division of the literary texts.
In this regard, the purpose of this research is to investigate the narrative periods based on Manṭiq al-ṭayr (conference of birds) by Attar in order to explain the related model to study the narrative systems. Narrative periods make us encounter with the transformation of the narration. For this purposes, one of the research goal is to provide the narrative periods based on Manṭiq al-ṭayr in order to provide a comprehensive method to literary text analysis.  It is assumed that in Manṭiq al-ṭayr this function has a multiple concept. In other words, the actor experiences different periods to reach the value. Other questions are also as follows: what are the underlying components of the axiological system in   Risalat al-tayr? How these components are organized?  With investigation of Risalat al-tayr, which is the suitable method to measure the effect of the stories on each other. Risalat al-tayr uses a unique similitude in storytelling, for this reason, it benefits from a special kind of narration.  So, by investigating the narration of this text, it is possible to understand the mentality of the narrator and depict the effect of these stories based on their narrative style in order to reach a model of studying the narrative transformation. To this end, the authors have adopted Paris school Semiotic approach. The findings of the present research indicate that the Risalat al-tayr is totally composed of narrative periods including “Programmed Actional Regime, “Interactional  system based on dialogue  and negotiations” “ Actional  regime based on competence” , “ Passive tension” , “ Sensible paradigm based on subject adjustment to the existence”, and “ attraction- correlation and assessment”. First and second periods are called tension periods and are an introduction to the periods of action, sensation, and assessment. Only Manṭiq al-ṭayr by Attar contains all these periods. In other treatises, only some of these periods are observed. In the first three periods and the period of assessment, the value of thing is outside the actors and in the periods of tension, sensation and attraction, the value is in the subject. In all of these texts, the value is added one by one to the text.

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The most prominent feature of sheet material forming process is an elastic recovery phenomenon during unloading which leads to springback and side wall curl. Therefore evaluation of springback and side wall curl is mandatory for production of precise products. In this paper, the effects of some parameters such as friction coefficient, sheet thickness, yield strength of sheet and blank-holder force on the springback and side wall curl radius in U-bending of dual phase steel sheets were investigated by performing experimental tests and finite element method. ABAQUS software was used for finite element simulation. Comparison of experimental and finite element results shows good agreement. The results of this research shows that increasing of sheet thickness, reduces springback and side wall curl and increasing of yield strength increases springback and side wall curl. Springback and side wall curl initially increase with raising the friction coefficient and blank-holder force but they decrease again when they go beyond certain values.

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Abstract: The two main characteristics of a porous bed are the bed material diameter – representing its coarseness - and the porosity which represents its permeability. In this paper the effect of bed permeability on the average structure of flow turbulence is investigated. Flow is modeled using an innovativecontinuum approach based on Volume Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations in several different channel bed porosities. Results of four different simulations with various porosities are presented. Bed permeability can be represented by the permeability Reynolds number, Rek, which is the ratio of effective diameter of porosity and the length scale of eddies near the bed. The Reynolds permeability number (Rek) is the best expression for the bed permeability quantity. In small Rekthe bed acts as a solid/rigid boundary and in large Rek, the bed will behave as a high permeable boundary with negligible viscosity effects. Under these conditions, the turbulence eddies along the flow are rarely observable. The reasons can be due to: 1) the mechanism of free turbulence transfer through permeable layer and/or 2) a considerable decrease in the average shear stress due to no wall-blocking and low-viscosity effects. The dominant characteristic of turbulence near a high permeable bed is relatively large eddy structures, probably originating from so-called Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. Suchflow pattern with large vortexes leads to high momentum exchange between the free channel flow and the two-phase flow in porous media below permeable bed. This process also increases the friction between flow and the substrate and therefore will result in moving the Logarithmic-low region slightly downward. In addition, it is observed that the log-low cur near a high permeable bed is 4% steeper than in solid and rough bed.

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Parallel piezo-flexural nanopositioning stages are extensively used in advanced nano-scale imaging and manipulation applications such as scanning probe microscopy systems. One of the major deficiencies of these devices is the coupled motion between their different axes. That is, the motion of stage in one direction interferes with motions in the other directions, leading to undesirable disturbances. In this paper, analytical, dynamic, experimental, and finite element analyses are carried out to investigate the major root cause of the cross-coupling effect. Using ABAQUS FEA software, a 3D model of the stage has been developed. Model consists of a central elastic body connected to the fixed frame through four flexural hinges. A cylindrical stack of multiple piezoelectric layers is placed between the moving central body and the fixed frame. Simulations are carried out for two different friction coefficients in the contact surfaces of the piezoelectric layers, and for different frame materials. It is observed that the main cause of the cross-coupling effect is the rotation of piezoelectric stack due to its friction with the stage moving in the tangential direction, concurrent with a change in the geometry of the stage.

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By increasing demand for oil in recent years, explorations from deep offshore fields are feasible. In such deep waters, even fixed offshore structures may have considerable movements under design loads, while having less displacements of the platform is often requested.  Many innovative concepts have been proposed to minimize responses of structures under environmental loads in recent decades. In a tension leg platform, the buoyancy force causes tension in the tendons, which is changed by platform movement and produces a lateral stiffness to reverse the platform into its initial position. The amount of generated additional stiffness depends on the platform displacement and buoyancy forces. Fixed submerged tanks may be used in design of a compliant platform in deep water to reduce transfer weight of the structure to the support and to decrease the effects of legs buckling. However, the tanks should be located in an appropriate water depth to minimize the effect of wave forces. In order to decrease the response of fixed offshore platforms in deep waters, an innovation concept is presented. In this concept, a submerged tank is tied up to the platform in an appropriate location acting a buoyancy force to the system. This force adds tension force to the legs which may reduce the required chord diameters and/or eliminate some braces. However, the added mass of the tank due to wave action has considerable effect on dynamic behavior of the system. In addition, the vertical buoyancy force of the tank generates a resistance moment in the system when the tank oscillates. This resistant moment depends on the location of the tank and time. In this paper, considering the effects of the tank on the platform responses, solutions for reducing platform displacement are investigated.  Analyses have been carried out by taking into account the large deflection and nonlinear geometry effects for which a MATLAB program has been developed featuring the following capabilities: Calculation of wave forces based on the Morison equation for jacket members and the Froude-Krylov method for the tank. Taking into account waves and structure interaction. Non-linear analysis of the structure considering large deformations effects. Dynamic analyses results showed that the tank acts as a weight damper under wave actions. In this case, the added mass has also contribution on the inertia force. So, there is an optimum stiffness for each mass. For dual mass damper and buoyancy functioning of the tank, the stiffness should be defined in such a way that the performance of the tank would be appropriated in both consequences. Results of analyses on a case study platform show that the performance of the tank on reducing the platform responses is much better for the dual mass damper and buoyancy functioning comparing to only the mass damper functioning.

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This paper investigates the effects of constructional elements on the biomechanical behavior of desert locust hind wing. First, the microstructure of the insect wing is investigated using scanning electron microscope. The results of the scanning electron microscopy are used to develop finite element models of the wing with different constructional elements. The presented models are studied under the inertial and aerodynamic loads applied during flight and the obtained stresses and displacements are assessed. The results show that longitudinal veins, longitudinal and cross veins, corrugations, corrugations and longitudinal veins and finally a combination of corrugations and longitudinal and cross veins cause averagely 4, 25.75, 4.34, 184.54, 768.5 times decrease of the achieved principal stresses in comparison with a wing without the mentioned constructional elements. Constructional elements of the locust wing play an important role to uniform the pattern of stress distribution in the wing during flight. Further, the existence of the mentioned constructional elements causes a decrease in the variation of the stress within a stroke-cycle. In addition, it is shown that the inertia and aerodynamic forces have less effect on the wing deformation than the elastic ones. The results of this research may be helpful in the development of lightweight structures with high strength.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has long been known as one of the most unspecified reasons for death around the world. This phenomenon has been under study for many years and yet questions remain due to its physiological, geometrical and computational complexity. Because of the limitations in experimental study on human head, the finite element human head model with precise geometric characteristics and mechanical properties is essential. In this study, the visco-hyperelastic parameters of bovine brain are extracted from experimental data and finite element simulations which are validated by experimental results. Then a 3D human head including brain, skull, and the meninges is modeled using CT-scan and MRI data of a 30-years old human. This model is named “Sharif University of Technology Head Trauma Model (SUTHTM)”. After validating SUTHTM, the model is then used to study the effect of G acceleration. Damage threshold based on consciousness in terms of acceleration and time duration is developed using HIC and Maximum Brain Pressure criteria. Results revealed that Max. Brain Pressure ≥ 3.1 KPa and HIC ≥ 30 are representative of loss of consciousness. Also, 3D domains for the loss of consciousness based on Max. Brain Pressure and HIC criteria are developed.

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With the increasing pace of science and knowledge in today, s world, the company in order to comply with the condition environment variable to use communication technology and capital investment in this technology is growing rapidly. Performance evaluation is one of the main concerns for monitoring this agreement. Recently applied the theory of data envelopment analysis (DEA) and grey theory for performance evaluating has been highly regarded. Considering the importance of telecommunications as a leader in the field of communication technology and necessary to evaluate the performance of these two techniques have been used in this study. For this mining first set of criteria in evaluating the financial performance of telecommunication and the importance (weight) each was determined using the number of grey. Then, technique of using DEA model for evaluating and ranking the telecommunications companies were presented. The result indicates that the major telecommunication companies province in Markazi, Tehran and Khuzestan have the best financial performance.

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In this paper a push recovery controller for balancing humanoid robot under severe pushes for situation that contact surface is small is presented. Human response to progressively increasing disturbances can be categorized into three strategies: ankle strategy, hip strategy and stepping strategy. The reaction of human to external disturbances in the situations that contact surface is small or stepping is not possible is generating upper body angular momentum. In this way in this paper, a single model predictive controller scheme is employed to controlling the capture point by modulating zero moment point and centroidal moment pivot. The proposed algorithm is capable of recovering balance of humanoid robot under severe pushes without stepping in situation that contact surface is shrunked to a strip. The goal of the proposed controller is to control the capture point, employing the centroidal moment pivot when the capture point is out of the support polygon, and/or the zero moment point when the capture point is inside the support polygon. The merit of proposed algorithm is shown successfully in different simulation scenarios using characteristic of SURENA III humanoid robot.

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Reflective beaches requires a combination of lower waves, longer periods and particularly coarser sands. They are typically steep in beach profile with a narrow shoaling and surf zone, composed of coarse sediment. Coarser sediment allows percolation during the swash part of the wave cycle, thus reducing the strength of backwash and allowing material be deposited in the swash zone
The Swash zone, as extreme area of inner surf zone, influences coastal area and coastal structures. It defined as the part of the beach between the minimum wave run-down and maximum wave run-up. It constitutes a beach area where waves dissipate or reflect their remaining energy after traveling towards the shore. The role of Swash zone is influenced by incoming waves from surf zone, the geometry of beach face and the interaction between beach groundwater and surf zone.
The review of Laboratory researches indicated that wave height and period, beach slope, grain size distribution of beach material, still water level (SWL), beach groundwater level, the hydraulic conductivity of beach influence on the evolution of sand beaches. In a few laboratory researches, experiments is designed with One Factor At a Time method (OFAT) and the qualitative effect of parameters of regular wave height and period, SWL and beach groundwater level, and beach slope are investigated on nearshore evolution.
In this research, experiments are designed using Central Composite Design (CCD) of Response Surface Method (RSM). CCD is a type of response surface design that present very good predictions in the middle of the design space. Important properties and features of CCD are orthogonality, rotatability and uniformity. The quantitative effects and interactions of irregular wave height and period, beach groundwater level and SWL, and beach slope on beach profile evolution is examined in a sandy beach by 50 experiments designed with CCD. The experiments are carried out in laboratory flume in Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University with high accuracy. The experimental setup is designed to simulate varying beach groundwater level and SWL and course sand (d50=0.8mm) is selected for beach material. Analysis of hydrodynamic data of the experiments indicated that the type of breaking waves is plunging wave and the hydrodynamic status of the swash zone is intermediate condition. The starting position of swash sedimentation (SWS) is extracted from mean of the beach profiles evolution.
By analyzing of experiments' SWS using CCD, a cubic model is suggested with %95 confidence level and predicted R-squared of 0.86. The results of model revealed that groundwater level has no significant effect on SWS. Wave height is the most influential factor affecting SWS and increasing wave height result to this position moves to upper beach rapidly. In addition, increasing beach slope causes the movement of SWS toward the beach. Increasing sea level lead to the displacement of SWS toward the sea.
This model indicated that the effect of wave height on SWS depends on wave period strongly and there is significant interaction between them. In addition, there is slightly interaction between the SWL and wave height and these variables influence on the role of each other in SWS.

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Objective: Dendrimers are three-dimensional nanostructures that have numerous applications in medicine, including drug delivery and imaging. Although anionic dendrimer polyethylene glycol–citrate has a high potential to increase solubility of water-insoluble drugs and drug delivery, its multi-step synthesis procedure is time consuming. In addition, toxic substances such as dichloromethane are used in its synthesis procedure. In this study, we have developed a simple one-step synthesis method using green chemistry. Methods: We examined four different methods to improve the synthesis method of this dendrimer. Products were characterized by FTIR, LC-MS and DLS. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the XTT method. Results: We synthesized a G2 polyethylene glycol–citrate dendrimer in one-step without purifying G1. This process was chosen as a beneficial method for synthesis of the G2 dendrimer. When compared with previous methods, this procedure had higher efficiency and greatly reduced response. This procedure used nontoxic materials. XTT assay results showed that this dendrimer created by green chemistry had no cytotoxicity in Hela and Vero cells up to a concentration of 800 µM. Conclusion: One-step synthesis of anionic polyethylene glycol-citrate G2 dendrimer is a simple, beneficial production method. The dendrimer is biocompatible and can be used as a suitable carrier for drug delivery purposes.

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In this paper, the forward kinematics of a parallel manipulator with three revolute-prismatic-spherical (3RPS), is analyzed using a combination of a numerical method with semi-analytical Homotopy Continuation Method (HCM) that due to its fast convergence, permits to solve forward kinematics of robots in real-time applications. The revolute joints of the proposed robot are actuated and direct kinematics equations of the manipulator leads to a system of three nonlinear equations with three unknowns that need to be solved. In this paper a fast and efficient Method, called the Ostrowski-HCM has been used to solve the direct kinematics equations of this parallel manipulator. This method has some advantages over conventional numerical iteration methods. Firstly, it is the independency in choosing the initial values and secondly, it can find all solutions of equations without divergence just by changing auxiliary Homotopy functions. Numerical example and simulation that has been done to solve the direct kinematic equations of the 3-RPS parallel manipulator leads to 7 real solutions. Results indicate that this method is more effective than other conventional Homotopy Continuation Methods such as Newton-HCM and reduces computation time by 77-97 % with more accuracy in solution in comparison with the Newton-HCM. Thus, it is appropriate for real-time applications.

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This paper seeks to describe an integrated management systems approach for the integration of corporate sustainability into other marketing models in I.R. Iran's Automotive industry. At the first step, an extensive review of the published literature was conducted and an original framework for structuring the integration of corporate sustainability with other marketing models was determined. Then the framework was developed by experts with qualitative methodologies such as deep interview and open questionnaire. Finally, the research conceptual model was revised and completed by focus groups. The results showed that Internal Marketing, Integrated Cultural Marketing, Social Marketing, Innovated Marketing, Lean Marketing, Strategic Marketing, Green Marketing, Ethical Marketing and Humanity Marketing are effective in realization of sustainable marketing in I.R. Iran's Automotive industry. Finally, after discussion, some research and practical suggestions are presented.