---

The locus paper in topic “Expectations and Neutrality of Money” (1972) is a seminal paper. This article was written in Over Lapping Generation (OLG) model with received from rational expectations and to draw up in stochastically mathematic. Results of this paper were reference to Phillips Curve as a solution of the equilibrium systems. From Lucas paper time to now, many of studies was proceed to Lucas model and results, But nor of them no attention to his results in non stochastic space, stochastic allocation of old people and growth existence in labor force. Central question of our study is test of results and behavior of Locus base model with these subjects. Method of our study is using of mathematical solutions and foundation analysis. The most important result of our study is this: The results of this study by criticism and expansion in Lucas model will acquire some of contributions in OLG models. This results show that some of Lucas results will impressible when we change its basic assumption, but we can’t use Lucas results in price equation for supported and analysis of classical school theorems.

---

A formulaic speech is a part of language which can carry many meanings, themes and instances. Formulaic speech are commonly used in proverbs, metaphors, idioms and languages and more in conversational language and play an effective role in social communication and language development both structurally and conceptually. They are part of a community's identity, culture and history whose understanding will lead to a better understanding of culture and society and the linguistic infrastructure and developments of a language community. Also, analyzing and recognizing them in a text gives a better understanding of the hidden angles and style of that text. In Dehkhoda's articles, there are various types of formulaic speech that in each of them lies deep social, cultural and linguistic concepts and understanding them helps to understand the style and language of Dehkhoda's articles and the society of his day. The present study uses qualitative (analytical-descriptive) method to analyze and recognize patterns of species in Dehkhoda's "Charand-o-parand" in three categories: proverb, irony, idioms and languages. The results of the research show that using these molded structures, Dehkhoda has depicted the conditions of his community and it has conveyed its content quickly and deeply to the audience. The use of these constructions has also led to the closest proverbial proverb to colloquial language. Idioms (220 Items), Irony (81 Items) and Proverbs (51 Items) are the most commonly used forms of molding in Dehkhoda's articles.

1. Introduction
Language is composed of different components and textures.One of them  is formulaic speech. These expressions are used in specific and limited social situations and are current and common in any language and are considered as an accepted part of that language. Knowing them leads to a better understanding of the language and discovering their meanings and their relationship with different social groups and classes of users.
Also, the study of formulaic speeches in textual research which allows the study of different linguistic layers in a text. Dehkhoda's articles are full of all kinds of stylized expressions of language. Dehkhoda has used these discourses creatively, in a way that his style can be identified through these stereotypes. The present article will examine these speeches
 Statement of the problems:
Formulaic speeches are the pre-prepared parts of the language which play an important role in social communication and language development. Examining these statements can help to examine the text more precisely; because these speeches show and contain different literary, cultural and social aspects of the text. This article uses analytical method to examine the Formulaic speeches in Dehkhoda's articles. This study makes Dehkhoda's articles more deeply understood.
Research aims:
The present study aims to analyze and recognize formulaic speeches in Dehkhoda's "Charand-o-parand" in three categories: proverb, irony, idioms .
Research questions:
This study wants to find some answer to these questions:
Which molded constructions are most used in Dehkhoda's articles and how Dehkhoda used each of them and how the existence of these constructions can affect the language of the text?
Research hypothesis:
The main premise of the present article is that Dehkhoda has been able to use all kinds of formulaic speeches in order to create a better and more effective relationship with the society of his time and solve the social and political problems of that period in simple, intimate and at the same time efficient and effective language.
 
2. Methods
The research method in this article is analytical and descriptive. Also, different types of formulaic speeches in “Charan-o-Parand” of Dehkhoda nonsense have been studied and categorized.
 
3. Results and Innovation
The results of the research show that using these molded structures, Dehkhoda has depicted in Charando Parand the conditions of his community and it has conveyed its content quickly and deeply to the audience. The use of these constructions has also led to the closest proverbial proverb to colloquial language. Idioms (220 Items), Irony (81 Items) and Proverbs (51 Items) are the most commonly used forms of molding in Dehkhoda's articles. These speeches have not been studied in Dehkhoda's articles so far
 

---

Fantasy is a type of story that has been noticed in the literature of children and teenagers in recent years. The Possessed of Badyan Island is a teenage novel and a fantasy story written by Badri Mashhadhi. In the present research, this story has been analyzed in terms of the elements and structure of fantasy and climate literature by analytical-descriptive and library method. In this research, a new definition of the genre of fantasy has been presented under the title of climatic fantasy, and by examining the mentioned novel, it has been shown that the story of The Possessed of Badyan Island is a climatic fantasy. Also, by using the climatic fantasy genre, in addition to creating a gothic and scary story with a local atmosphere, the author not only satisfied the need for excitement of teenagers, but also directed the attention of teenagers from similar foreign to local and Iranian examples. It has also used the climate fantasy genre to familiarize the audience with the culture, history, customs, superstitions, etc. of a specific region. Therefore, this story can be considered an example of an Iranian climatic fantasy story.
 

---

Employing of complex surfaces in different industries such as aerospace and die and mold is increasing. For milling of such surfaces, considering factors such as strategies and machining parameters which affect the machinability is necessary. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of different strategies and machining parameters on microhardness of a typical curved surface (convex) of stainless steel 1.4903. The cutting tool used in this study was ball nose end mill coated TiN and the strategies employed were Raster, 3D-offset, Spiral and radial. Design of experiments was done using Taguchi method. The input parameters were cutting speed, feed rate and step over. After conducting experiments, surface layers hardness of milled samples were measured. The results showed that various tool paths have different influence on microhardness of milled surfaces. Regardless of cutting condition, surface hardness after machining in all strategies was more than the primary hardness of the workpiece material. Spiral strategy provided the most hardness and radial strategy the least hardness. In addition, increasing the feed rate, cutting speed and step over, rised surface hardness and step over had least influence on hardness. The most hardness magnitude was reported in cutting speed of 180 m/min, feed rate of 0.18 mm/tooth and step over of 0.7 mm which shows 56 % of increase.

---

Ismail Fasih is one of the most famous and prolific writers in the field of fiction, especially police and detective literature. Some of his works such as Shahbaz and Jagdan, Sharab Kham, Dard Siavash, Del Kor etc. mostly have a police and detective aspect despite the fame of this author. As the results of this research show, he was strongly influenced by Agatha Christie and her detective novels. Thus, if we compare the police-related works of these two authors, we can find many common elements in the field of police literature in their works. Ismail Fasih was influenced by Agatha Christie not only in the choice of the narrator's language and the way of characterization, but also in the choice of the plot of some stories. This assertion can be proved by comparing the texts of the two authors. In this research, the authors have tried to explain and prove the influence of Agatha Christie's eloquence in a descriptive-analytical way and with the method of library documents. This is a work that has not been done before by the researchers and critics of fiction literature and it is new in its kind.

Extended Abstract
Introduction
Detective fiction is one of the most popular branches of fiction all over the world. Mystery novels are one of the types of this literary genre that rely on the detective element and try to decipher the strange crime that has happened. The father of this style is Edgar Allan Poe and  the queen is Agatha Christie. In Iran, the study of police stories in the style of Western literature began with the end of the Qajar period and gradually became one of the most popular genres in the years 1320-1300. The translation of such stories from the end of this period encouraged Iranian writers to create such works. Amir Ashiri (born in 1303 A.H. in Tehran) can be called one of the founders of police literature in Iran with 58 historical, criminal and police books. He was mainly influenced by the James Bond movies. Ismail Fasih is also one of the other authors of the police genre whose works were very popular in Iran in the 1960s and 1970s. Of course, Fasih also had a significant influence in this field, and by comparing literature, one can understand the similarities between these writers and the greats of the police genre. Although police literature is one of the new genres of literature, it has a long history, and in order to explore its roots, one should refer to the history of all the murders and the human efforts in the field of discovering the murderer. It can be said that the human desire for myth-making and storytelling and the discovery of the mysteries that are at the core of such stories have caused the emergence of such a genre. The main elements of detective-police stories and films are: "mystery", "murderer", "victim", "detective", "suspect". By studying these elements in the works of famous Iranian and foreign writers and based on the rules of comparative literature, it is possible to study the whole intellectual and literary exchanges of these writers on an extraterritorial level. As in this work, when a number of Ismail Fasih's works are studied on the basis of the principles of comparative literature, his entire intellectual and literary exchanges with Agatha Christie, one of the pioneers of crime literature in the West, are also studied.
2. Literature Review
Fasih is one of the pioneers of police and crime literature in Iran, whose story-writing style is a combination of Western and Iranian narrative styles and is strongly influenced by the writing style of great writers such as Edgar Allan Poe and Agatha Christie. In this research, while analyzing and examining a number of Agatha Christie's eloquent novels, a comparative comparison and examination of the storytelling style and practical techniques of these two authors is also revealed, and it becomes clear that Agatha Christie's footprints can be seen in many of his eloquent works.
3.Methodology
In this research, the authors have tried to explain and prove the influence of Agatha Christie's eloquence in a descriptive-analytical way and with the method of library documents. It is a work that has not been done before by the researchers and critics of fiction literature and it is new in its kind.
4. Results
Detective literature is one of the most important branches of fiction literature, which has many fans all over the world, including Iran. The researches have shown that Fasih has artistic, literary and intellectual creativity and was able to create harmony between the dialogues and characters. However, in some of the themes and characterizations and story lines and the creation of plot spaces, similarities can be seen between his works and the works of Agatha Christie, although these similarities do not indicate a direct influence of the Iranian writer from the West; rather, it is mostly the result of the requirements of the detective genre. In the comparison of Agatha Christie's and Ismail Fasih's narrative style and techniques, an attempt has been made to examine these similarities as well as the differences to some extent; As in the eloquent detective novels, he has been very powerful in describing the characters, creating a state of suspense and using ambiguity and doubt in the audience's mind and creating a protagonist like Agatha. But in Agatha's works, the variety of fictional characters and the creation of complex puzzles and the creation of an atmosphere of terror are much more. In other words, Fasih's narrative style is a combination of Western and Iranian narrative styles, and it can be said that while studying and reviewing the works of Western writers in this genre, Fasih was able to implement the results of his studies in the best possible way. localize and attract the attention of the audience.
 

---

---

All actions and reflections of behavior in interpersonal and social interactions are the result of the quality of communication. The non-verbal communication channel, with its emphasis, complementary and substitution functions and ..., makes it possible to communicate more deeply with the channel of verbal communication. The book of Kelile and Demne Nasrollah Monashi, which is one of the results of ancient India and one of the most important Persian literary texts of the sixth century, has used many signs of non-verbal communication in constructing its anecdotes. The authors of this article have decoded non-verbal communication symptoms in three channels of visual cues (70 signs), phonetic cues (22 signs), and physical distance cues (12 signs) and demonstrated how Nasrallah Manashi was consciously using body language - The authors of this article have decoded non-verbal communication symptoms in three channels of visual cues (70 signs), phonetic cues (22 signs), and physical distance cues (12 signs) and demonstrated how Nasrollah Monshi was consciously using body language - Even some animal states have provided the context for increasing the storytelling capacity of their stories. The analysis has shown that body language codes in Kelile and Demne are not merely voluntary and voluntary in origin, but some of these states, like frontal states, are more hereditary and involuntary. In addition, it was shown in this decoding that the use of nonverbal cues in the book of Kelile and Demne not only revealed the moods and emotions of the characters, but also as an important element leading to some major events in the anecdotes.
 

---

A new method is proposed for implementing the no-slip/no-penetration conditions on the irregular immersed boundaries in the vorticity-streamfunction formulation of the incompressible viscous fluid flow. Time integration is performed using a semi-implicit method such that in each time step the vorticity-streamfunction equations are changed to a Helmholtz and a Poisson’s equation. Some singular source terms are added to the right hand sides of these equations, in the solid region, such that the desired boundary conditions can be satisfied. The singular source terms are found, using the inverse problems method, such that the desired boundary conditions of the vorticity-streamfunction equations be satisfied. Since the fast Poisson’s solvers are used, the method is high performance, with the computational effort of O(NlogN); and it is also flexible because it can be applied easily to the complex geometries. The method is applied in simulation of the fluid flow around a square solid obstacle, placed in a channel, and the agreement of the results with the other benchmark results are shown.

---

In this study, the authors have tried to identify the types of exaggeration and study and analyze it in ritual poetry, the reasons for its entry and expansion in this literary genre in order to save poets and orators from falling into such a trap. Our target population in this study is a selection of ritual poets whose poems have had such damage more prominent; Attributing the special attributes and names of God to the Imams (as) and fabricating mythical stories and exaggerating in making people hope for the intercession of those great people are examples of content harms that in this research have been tried to deal with analytical-descriptive method.
 

---

1.4923 stainless steel is one of the options for producing Iranian gas turbine (IGT25) compressor blades and upgrading IGT25 +., as well as the importance of wear resistance in turbine parts and the small number of studies in the field of wear as a destructive mechanism of turbine parts, in this research the effect of residual stress caused by shot peening on the wear resistance of steel 1.4923 was investigated. To create the compressive residual stress, shot peening operations were used at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. Microstructural studies by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that with increasing shot peening time, the thickness of the plastic deformation area increases so that the plastic deformation area can be divided into three plastic deformation areas. Severe, ordinary plastic deformation and the area affected by plastic deformation. Calculations on the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that with increasing shot peening time, the amount of compressive residual stress increases to 694 MPa. With increasing compressive residual stress on the surface, the wear resistance of the samples increased up to 90% due to the increase in the density of dislocations and grain refining.  Also, the investigation of worn surfaces by SEM showed that the wear mechanism in the samples is oxide adhesive wear and increasing the residual stress of the samples causes the transfer of the wear regime to mild wear abrasion with the appearance of crater areas.

---

Introduction: 

The return of the stock market is affected by several factors; although some of which are not economic, they strongly affect the financial markets. The Covid-19 epidemic is also among these factors that has severely affected the global economy, empathetically the financial markets. Therefore, considering the importance of this epidemic in the stock market, the current study evaluates the effects of the Covid-19 epidemic crisis on the stock return index of the financial markets of China, America, and France; besides, it examines its spillover effects on Iran. To investigate the contagion of turbulence and the direction of spillover from the mentioned countries to Iran, the weekly data of the stock return index available on the websites of the Iranian Stock Exchange have been used. Moreover, the stock exchange of foreign countries during two periods: before the outbreak of the Covid-19 epidemic (January 2018 to December 2019) and the time of the outbreak of the Covid-19 epidemic (January 2020 to December 2021) have been examined. Then Oxmetrics software was used to check the conditional correlation, and SPSS software was used to measure the stationarity and unconditional correlation.
Methodology:
The present research evaluates the spillover effects of the covid-19 epidemic on the stock return index of the financial markets of China, America, and France and examines the mutual relationship between the aforementioned countries and Iran using the weekly stock return data of Iran and foreign countries. It has been analyzed using (DCC-GARCH) and (CCC-GARCH) models.
Results and Discussion:

In this article, αii represents the effects of arch in each of the variables' past period turbulences, and αij represents the effects of the shock of variable i on the current shock of variable j. This spillover effect is calculated as the square of the residuals arising from the forecasted yield patterns. Garch effects are considered as βii. In other words, βii shows the stability of the shock in each of the series.

 ρij also expresses the conditional correlation between two variables, which provides a representation of their simultaneous movement. Of course, both terms αij and β can indicate the overflow between indicators, because the shock overflow effect is determined by non-diagonal values. In the constant conditional correlation model, coefficients αii and βii are significant. In other words, they represent the amount of shock transmission in the conditional shocks of countries' returns.

Conclusion:

The results indicate that in the post-epidemic period, the Iranian stock market experienced a decrease in stock returns, which can be caused by factors such as the imposition of sanctions and the stagnation of economic activities in addition to the spread of Covid-19. Also, the collapse of the Iranian stock market, which occurred in August 2019, led to the confusion and pessimism of more and more investors and finally led to the withdrawal of capital from the stock market. In such an uncertain and chaotic atmosphere, the spread of Covid-19 also aggravated the existing conditions due to the restrictions and also the implementation of government quarantines. Also, the results show that at the moment of the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus, all the sample countries have faced a decrease in stock returns. During the covid-19 epidemic, the impact of the Iranian stock market on China has been greater than that of other studied countries, which is important because China and Iran are each other's trading partners. It should be mentioned that during this period due to restrictions on the borders, the relationship between Iran and China became prominent. Also, Iran's stock market is not strong enough to influence global financial markets including China, America and France.

 The growth of the stock return index has been increasing during the four-year period (2018-2021) in China, America and France, however the stock return index of Iran has been decreasing. The growth of China's stock returns during this period has been higher than that in the other studied countries. Also, the stock return index of all sample countries has faced a decrease in the stock returns during the outbreak of Covid-19.