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In this paper, the effect of shape memory alloy on low-velocity impact response of rectangular sandwich plates with composite facesheets and soft auxetic cores is investigated using a new higher-order global–local hyperbolic plate theory. In order to obtain accurate results with the least error, non-uniform and time-dependent distribution for the phases of SMA and the transverse compliance of the soft core are considered. Also, a refined contact law is proposed instead of using the traditional Hertz law and different contact laws are considered for the loading and unloading phases. Stiffness effects of all layers along with the effect of plate thickness on contact stiffness are considered. The obtained nonlinear finite element governing equations are solved by making use of an iterative algorithm at each time step. The results of the present study are compared with the experimental results in other references, and it is proved that the results are valid. Finally, the effect of auxetic core, core Poisson's ratio, SMA wires, and indenter energy on impact response of composite sandwich plat are investigated. The results show that the auxetic core increases the apparent stiffness of the contact area that causes an increase in impact forces and a decrease in the lateral deflection and impact duration. Besides, the SMA can absorb a remarkable portion of the stored impact-induced strain energy due to the superelastic and hysteretic natures of the SMA material, which results in increasing impact strength of the sandwich plate and decreasing the damage caused due to the impact.

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 Non-governmental organizations as the third pillar and representative of civil society play a main role in socially excluded groups’ access to their citizenship rights including women. The most important aspect of citizenship is social citizenship which has a close relationship with public sphere. It seems that NGOs play a substantial role in facilitating women’s access to their social rights; however, their role, efficiency and effectiveness in realizing this goal are disputed by experts. The purpose of this study is to investigate efficiency of non-governmental organizations in women’s access to their social citizenship rights in Iran. This research has been conducted by a quantitative approach, survey method and questionnaire tool. The questionnaire, consisting of effective factors, was developed by library method and was presented to experts of women study in order to examine its face validity. The data of this study was gathered from three groups including 30 scientific and executive experts, 10 NGO managers and 319 people of NGO’s target population which were selected via stratified sampling. Data analysis rejected hypothesis of high efficiency and great power of NGOs in women’s access to their social citizenship rights in Iran.
 

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Social citizenship, identifying its characteristics and adaptation to national criteria have a pivotal role in the extension of the theoretical framework and the recognition of women's social citizenship. The purpose of present study is to identifying the indicators and criteria for measuring women's access to social citizenship. In order to achieve the research objectives, after reviewing the literature by using content analysis technique, 38 key indicators were extracted. A questionnaire was developed by using those 38 indicators and data were collected from experts. The research sample was included of 30 experts from university professors, administrators, planners, policy makers, researchers, and NGO managers. Mean and variance comparison statistical tests were used to compare the results. Results revealed that five indicators including education, employment, health, welfare and participation are in line with global and national indicators. In addition, the findings show that out of five identified indicators; education and socio-cultural participation were addressed in four national development programs and employment and health indicators in five programs have been considered by policy makers