Showing 34 results for Shirvani
Volume 1, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Some Biochemical properties of silver carp surimi prepared by application of acid-alkali aided methods were investigated and compared to that of derived by conventional method. In terms of total protein solubility and recovery, lipid reduction, and total pigment extractability and myoglobin removal there was a significant (P<0.05) difference among the treatments. Acid-aided method showed the most efficiency to recover more proteins (86.2%) in comparison to the alkaline-aided (79.8%) and conventional (76.7%) methods. The lipid reduction percentage was recorded as 43.6%, 58.4% and 72.3% for the conventional method, and acid-alkali aided methods, respectively. In terms of total pigment removal, the conventional method showed higher efficiency (P<0.05) compared to the pH-shifting methods. Conversely, fish protein solubilisation by acid-alkali aided techniques was more efficient (P<0.05) compared to the conventional method of making surimi. In conclusion, pH-shifting techniques were superior in comparison with the conventional method in order to recover more functional proteins and to efficiently reduce the lipid and myoglobin content of resultant fish protein isolate.
Volume 1, Issue 3 (Issue 3 & 4 - 2013)
Abstract
Aim: Level of physical activity as key determinant of healthy lifestyle is less than what is required in individuals particularly women. Applying theories of behavioral change about complex behaviors such as physical activity leads to identify effective factors and their relations. The aim of this study was to determine predictors of exercise behavior based on developed Theory of Planned Behavior with planning constructs in military personnel’s wives. Methods: We performed this cross-sectional study on 150 military personnel’s spouses residing in organizational houses, in Tehran, Iran in 2013. The participants were randomly selected with multi-stage cluster sampling. The validity and reliability of developed scale were evaluated before conducting the path analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS.16 and LISREL8.8. Finding: The developed model predicted 48, 11, 12 and 35 percent of the variance in intention, action planning, coping planning and behavior, respectively. Subjective norms (Beta=0.35, p<0.01) and perceived behavioral control (Beta=0.28, p<0.01) were the predictors of intention. Determinants of behavior included action planning (Beta=0.40, p<0.01), coping planning (Beta=0.39, p<0.01), intention (Beta=0.23, p<0.01) and subjective norms (Beta=0.08, p<0.01). Instrumental and affective attitude had no significant path coefficient to dependent variables. The path of perceived behavioral control to behavior was non-significant. The developed theory fitted to data better than the original theory. Conclusion: This research demonstrated relative weights and relationships of Theory of Planned Behavior constructs with action and coping planning in physical activity behavior of military staffs' spouses. It is essential to consider these effective factors in designing of health education programs.
Volume 2, Issue 3 (Issue 3 - 2014)
Abstract
Aim: Physical inactivity, as the leading risk factor for death, is more common among women than men. Despite the effective role of extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with planning to promote exercise behavior, there is no Iranian standard scale in this regard. This research evaluated psychometric characteristics of the expanded TPB-based questionnaire regarding to the physical activity of military staff’s spouses in Tehran. Methods: Content, face, construct validity and reliability (internal consistency and stability) of this scale was assessed. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 women, who were living in organizational houses, in Tehran, Iran in 2014, in order to do exploratory factor analysis (EFA).The participants were chosen with multi-stage cluster random sampling. EFA was performed applying the principal component analysis and Varimax rotation. Data were analyzed using SPSS. v16. Findings: Content validity index, content validity ratio and impact score of the extended TPB scale were 0.8-0.97, 0.78-0.98 and 4.5-4.8, respectively. An eight-factor structure was extracted as a result of the EFA and accounted for 76.33% of the variance. The calculated KMO was 0.72 and the Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant (P<0.001). Eight constructs consisted of behavior, affective attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, coping planning, instrumental attitude, intention and action planning. Cronbach’s alpha value (0.83-0.97) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (0.63-0.91) demonstrated satisfying reliability for the subscales. Conclusion: Validity and reliability of the first developed TPB-directed scale with planning about women's exercise perceptions and behavior in Iran was appraised and approved in this study. This instrument can be utilized by other health researchers.
Volume 3, Issue 3 (Summer 2018)
Abstract
Aims: Despite the high incidence of wrong ways to wear a backpack in students, the relevant musculoskeletal complications, and the effective role of health education in modification of this behavior, there is no standard questionnaire in this regard in Iran. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric evaluation of a questionnaire on backpack carrying among female high school students.
Instruments & Methods: The questionnaire on how female high school students carry their backpack in Babolsar, Mazandaran province included 31 items for knowledge (12 items), attitude (10 items), and behavior (9 items) derived from evidenced literature. This questionnaire was evaluated in terms of content and face validity and reliability through internal consistency and stability in 2018. The qualitative and quantitative content validity was evaluated by the panel of experts through Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Qualitative and quantitative face validity was assessed by the students’ views and measuring impact score, respectively. Internal consistency and stability were measured by Cronbach’s alpha and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, respectively. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21.
Findings: The results of CVI (0.9-1), CVR (0.8-1), and impact score (2.5-3) were acceptable for the whole scale. Qualitative content and face validity was favorable. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were appropriate for the whole scale (0.77) and of knowledge (0.68), attitude (0.8), and behavior (0.77). The interclass correlation coefficient for the whole questionnaire (0.68) and the domains of knowledge (0.61), attitude (0.71), and behavior (0.72) indicated that the questionnaire was acceptable.
Conclusion: The study showed the validity and reliability of the health questionnaire on carrying backpack among female high school students. However, more researches should be done to verify this questionnaire for measuring knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding backpack carrying.
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2015)
Abstract
The sub-lethal effect of Metarhizium anisopliae and imidacloprid as well as combination of the two control agents was examined on life table parameters of Myzus persicae on different cultivars of canola under laboratory condition at 25 ± 1 ºC, 85% RH and photoperiod of 16L: 8D. The offspring resulting from fungus-infested adults were placed onto leaf discs in Petri dishes separately to record their development time till they reached to adulthood. The number of nymphs produced by each adult aphid was recorded daily. The intrinsic rate of increase(rm) had no significant differences among the three cultivars, and was nearly similar to the net reproductive rate (R0). The concurrent application of M. anisopliae and imidacloprid significantly shortened the aphid longevity on the RGS003 cv compared to the other cultivars. The type of cultivars had no impact on the finite rate of increase (λ) of green peach aphid in any of the treatments. The values of T showed that there was no significant difference among the treatments. Despite having no significant effect on life table characteristics of M. persicae by most of the treatments, the method would be a favorable procedure to control the aphid by raising the fungal concentration. Conducting such research would be worthwhile since there are no antagonistic interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus and the insecticide.
Volume 5, Issue 4 (Fall 2020)
Abstract
Aims: Back pain is a major public health problem among adolescents and in particular among pupils. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a back care intervention on spine-related behavior among female students.
Method and Materials: This randomized quasi-experimental study was conducted on female students who were studying in high schools of Babolsar, Iran. Just intervention group received the peer educational program. However, the control group received no intervention. The data were collected by a valid questionnaire regarding backpack carrying . Effective factors in two time points of initial of the study and 6-month follow up were assessed. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 21 at a significance level of 0.05.
Findings: Totally, 92 students including 46 students in intervention group and 46 students in control group participated in the study. According the findings of the study, mean ± standard deviation of backpack weight before the intervention was (6.14 ± 0.57), ratio of backpack weight to student weight was (0.1 ± 0.01) and backpack carrying duration was (132.6 ± 46.81) which all these variables six months after the intervention reduced to 4.09 ± 0.92; 0.06 ± 0.02 and 93.36 ± 58.06 respectively (P <0.001). The percentage of bilateral backpack carrying in the experimental group increased from 32.6% (n= 15) to 73.9% (n= 34) (P <0.001). However, no significant difference regarding mentioned variables was observed in the control group (P <0.05). The effect size of the intervention was moderate to large (0.4-0.6).
Conclusion: Peer educational interventions could be effective for improving back pack carrying behavior. However, doing more interventional researches in future is recommended.
Volume 5, Issue 20 (Winter 2012)
Abstract
This research is the analysis of the contact zone and the tensions in western women’s travelogues. Travel writing as a genre has always been marginalized within the domain of literary researches, but travelogues by women have been doubly marginalized due to gender. In patriarchal societies, the literature produced by women has never been received as seriously as that by men. Western women, who were colonizers by race and colonized by gender, cannot use the omniscient point of view revealed in men’s travelogues, nor can they assume the objective pose that man travel writers usually boast of. Women, who had an unsure position between the discourses of colonialism and that of femininity, reveal such tensions in their writing that are mostly absent from men’s travelogues. These tensions and the role they play in the self-fashioning of British women can be traced in the images that they offer of the orient in the 19th century.
Volume 6, Issue 1 (winter 2021)
Abstract
Aims: A backpack is considered as one of the most common cases of carrying things to schools. It is argued that improper carrying can lead to musculoskeletal pain in students. Health education through peers can play an important role in promoting proper backpack carrying behaviors. This study aimed to evaluate peer education on how to carry backpacks in female high school students.
Method and Materials: This quasi-Intervention study was conducted on 92 female high school students in Bahnemir, Iran using multi-stage cluster random sampling. The data regarding knowledge, attitude and backpack carrying behavior were collected through a valied questionnaire before and six months after the intervention. Just intervention group received an educational program in four sessions by peers. The data were analyzed by SPSS
version 21 .
Findings: 92 students with a mean age of 13.90 ± 0.71participated in Intervention and control groups (n= 46 in each group). The variables of knowledge, attitude and backpack carrying behavior improved after intervention (respectively (P <0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is suggested to consider these findings in the design, implementation and evaluation of educational interventions to improve carrying behavior of backpacks among this vulnerable target group.
Volume 7, Issue 2 (Spring 2019)
Abstract
Aims: Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica Oliv.) a woody species, which is naturally distributed in desert areas of some parts Asia and Africa. This research was conducted to evaluate the physiological response to salinity stress in 12 in Iran.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate the physiological response to different levels of salinity (75, 150, 225, and 300 NaCl) control and to assess the response physiologic traits such as RWC, EL, MDA, Proline, GB, TSS, plant pigments, SOD, CAT, and GPX.
Findings: The analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between treatments all traits. Comparing of that Hamidieh was the highest group and Mahneshan and were in the lowest group. Comparing of treatments showed that 75 was the highest group in terms of performance. The 75 was the highest group in terms of SOD in contrast, 300 and control were in the lowest group.
Conclusion: The result represents that Populus euphratica is a moderate , which could be suggested to reclamation of saline lands with high water table. This uses multiple mechanisms to overcome salinity stress and there is not a clear path to overcome salinity in this species. Cluster analysis divided the examined into five groups based on total traits. The grouping was not based on geographical distance, rather it was based on the conditions of the original habitat especially soil salinity.
Volume 7, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
The genus Agrochola s. l. Hübner, 1821 (Noctuidae, Xyleninae, Xylenini, Xylenina) include more than seventy described species, most of them have a quite typical external habitus. Due to recent revisions on this lineage in the Palaearctic, we decided to update the data of this group in Iran, according to the latest synonymy information and distribution data. A total of 18 taxa belonging to Agrochola s. l. of Iran was listed among them, three taxa namely Agrochola imitata Ronkay, 1984, A. consueta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1852) and A. helvola pallescens (Warren, 1911) are newly recorded for the fauna of Iran. A list of Agrochola s. l. taxa of Iran with their synonymy and distribution data is given together with some notes and illustrations of genitalia and wing pattern for the new records. It is suggested to do more intensive exploration and study the food plants of Iranian Agrochola in their habitats, especially in the Zagros range in western Iran.
Volume 7, Issue 5 (No.5 (Tome 34), Fall Special, (Articles in Persian) 2016)
Abstract
Graffiti, which is also called silent discourse, reflects different status of women and men in social structure. Hence, studying graffiti can provide us with salient information regarding their anonymous writers’ linguistic and social features. The present study aims at analyzing sociolinguistic features of “theme” and “style” in a corpus of female and male university students’ Persian graffiti in the university campus clarifies some basic sociolinguistic processes such as similarities and differences in communication patterns in female and male (silent) discourse. To this end, a corpus of 640 graffiti (320 written by female university students and 320 written by male ones) were collected from female and male dormitory areas as well as central library study halls at University of Sistan and Baluchestan in a one-month period. These graffiti were then analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results revealed that both groups had used “love, solicit help from God, depression, declare presence, wish, time and date, swear, poetry, kidding, and friendship” themes. However, “study lesson subjects” were used only in female students’ graffiti while “advice” and “financial anxiety” themes were used only by the male counterparts. Furthermore, content analysis of the graffiti showed that the male students predominantly sought to “confirm power” and “ higher status” while the female ones attempted to “express emotions” and “make solidarity”. In addition, the obtained results with respect to style showed that the male students tended to use more words than their female counterparts, but the latter were more apt to use linguistic elaborated code through prepositions, impersonal pronouns, and dependent clauses and hence had a linguistic superiority over the males.
Volume 8, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
View on Scopus
The tribe Orthosiini Guenée, 1837, one of the six tribes of Hadeninae subfamily is represented by 17 genera worldwide. Of those, three genera including Orthosia Ochsenheimer, 1816, Perigrapha Lederer, 1857 and Egira Duponchel, 1845 have recorded in Iran. Here, we present a Catalogue of Orthosiini of Iran including 15 species of this tribe with their provincial distribution in Iran. Identification keys for the Iranian species are provided as well. Perigrapha cilissa Püngeler, 1917 is recorded for the first time from Iran. The external and genital characteristics of the newly recorded species are given, beside the illustrations of the adults and their genitalia.
Volume 9, Issue 1 (Winter 2021)
Abstract
Aims: Physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle increase the risk of all-cause mortality. This study aimed to assess the impact of a theory-based education on PA among female health volunteers in Iran by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior.
Materials & Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on female health volunteers in Shushtar, Iran, from March to December 2016. One hundred ten participants were selected by purposive sampling, and they were randomized into intervention and control groups based on a 1:1 ratio in a single block. The intervention included three educational sessions and a walking program. A multi-section questionnaire containing items on TPB constructs, the international physical activity questionnaire, and the physiological cost index (PCI- an objective measure of PA) was used to collect the data at baseline and six-month follow-up assessments. Then the data were compared within and between groups using t-test and paired test using SPSS 19 software.
Findings: All 110 ‘Health Volunteers’ (55 in each group) were entered into the study. The mean±SD age of participants was 35.65±10.25 years. The results obtained from the analysis showed that the educational program improved attitude towards PA, perceived behavioral control, intention, behavior, and PCI among the intervention group (p<0.001). However, no significant changes occurred in the control group regarding the study variables (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The TPB-directed educational program improved physical activity and physiological cost index. The study framework might be used as a practical template for interventions aimed at improving physical activity among female health volunteers.
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
The biodiversity of the Noctuidae, an economically important family of Noctuoidea which include major crop pests, is becoming well-identified nowadays in Iran due to the increased number of faunal expeditions. The two large subfamilies of Noctuidae namely Xyleninae Guenée, 1837 and Noctuinae Latreille, 1809 comprise the majority of Iran's noctuid moth fauna. Two species, Leucochlaena hoerhammeri (Wagner, 1931) and Dichagyris (Stenosomides) mansoura (Chrétien, 1911) members of Xyleninae and Noctuinae subfamilies, respectively, are recorded from Iran for the first time. This is also the first record of the subgenus Stenosomides Strand, 1942 from Iran. Both the external and genital characteristics of the newly recorded species are presented together with illustrations of the adults and their genitalia.
Volume 9, Issue 4 (Fall 2021)
Abstract
Aims: As a basic factor in a healthy lifestyle, physical activity is less than necessary in health system workers such as health workers. Explaining Physical activity by successful perceptual frameworks such as the developed theory of planned behavior identifies the factors influencing this complex behavior to design effective educational interventions. This study aimed to assess path analysis of the Physical activity of health workers based on the developed theory of planned behavior with planning.
Instrument & Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 210 female health workers at Babol University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Data were collected by a valid and reliable theory of planned behavior-based questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 and Lisrel 8.8 software using the maximum likelihood method and correlation matrix at a significance level of less than 5%.
Findings: A total of 210 female health workers with a mean age of 39.35±8.64 participated. The developed theory of planned behavior model explained 62, 56, 37, and 58% of the variances of behavioral intention, action planning, coping planning, and Physical activity behavior, respectively. The intention was predicted by perceived behavioral control. Behavior was explained by intention, perceived behavioral control, and action planning, respectively. Fit indices showed that the developed model was fitted to the data (Relative Chi-square=1.58, RMSEA: 0.05, Comparative Fit Index: 1, Goodness of Fit Index: 0.98).
Conclusion: Intention, perceived behavioral control, and action planning, based on the developed theory of planned behavior, were the constructs influencing physical activity behavior. It is necessary to consider these structures and their relationships in designing educational interventions to promote physical activity in health workers as a key element in promoting community health.
Volume 9, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
This paper is a part of a long-term study on the Noctuidae fauna of Kerman province. Here we report the newly identified species, which were collected mostly in the South of this province during the years 2015 and 2016. Totally, here we report 30 Noctuidae taxa from 13 genera and six subfamilies namely: Acronictinae (five taxa), Amphipyrinae (three taxa), Heliothinae (two taxa), Condicinae (two taxa), Bryophilinae (six taxa) and Noctuinae (12 taxa). Among these reports there are 12 new provincial records from Kerman. Amphipyra kitti Gaal-Haszler, Lödl, Ronkay, Ronkay & Varga, is recorded here as a new species for the fauna of Iran. Material examined is listed together with provincial distribution for each taxon. Wing pattern and male and female genitalia structures of A. kitti illustrated here. The female genitalia of this species describe here for the first time. According to this data, we concluded that despite the vast area of Kerman province, its fauna has been less explored compared to some of its neighboring provinces. We suggest to explore especially higher altitudes of this province.
Volume 11, Issue 1 (Winter 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Caring for patients during the Covid-19 pandemic exposes nurses to both physical and emotional challenges. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the professional quality of life and caring behaviors in nurses working during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Instruments & Methods: This cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted in 2022. The study population was all nurses working in selected hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences. 124 nurses working during the Covid-19 epidemic by using convenience method were selected. Data collected using the demographic and occupational information form, Stumm's professional quality of life questionnaire, and Wolf's caring behaviors of nurses’ questionnaire. All questionnaires were completed by self-report method. Data were analyzed by Spearman's correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and linear regression tests using SPSS 22 software.
Findings: The overall mean score of caring behaviors was 82.06±7.76, and the overall mean score of professional quality of life was 106.18±18.31. There was a significant and direct correlation between the professional quality of life and caring behaviors of nurses working in the Covid-19 epidemic (r=0.435; p<0.001). The linear regression method also showed a significant and direct linear relationship between the two variables.
Conclusion: The professional quality of life is significantly and directly correlated with caring behaviors in nurses working during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, improving the professional quality of life of employees can be effective in providing better and more quality care.
Volume 14, Issue 62 (4-2017)
Abstract
Mung bean (vigna radiata) is an annual crop belonging to Fabaceae family. Germination process is a conventional and inexpensive way to improve nutritional value of legumes. Mung bean sprout is one of the popular products. It is rich in protein (20-33%) and is excellent sources of essential fatty acids, tocopherols, esterols, sugars and organic acids. In this study, the change of chemical composition, antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds, minerals, ascorbic acid and organic acids content were determined in raw, soaked and germinated mung bean. Also, the profile of fatty acids was recognized. The results showed an increase in moisture, protein and ash and a reduction in fat and carbohydrate due to the energy consumption during 4-day germination, significantly. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity indicated 2.5 and 1.5 fold increase in mung bean sprout compared to raw seed. Ascorbic acid content varied from 8.9% to 19.6% and organic acids increased significantly during germination process. Analysis of fatty acids composition showed that mung bean sprout contained 17% and 36% linolenic and linoleic acids, respectively and so, this product can be introduced as an excellent source of omega-3. The results of this work revealed the high nutritional value and consumption importance of mung bean sprouts.
Hamid Hemmati, Mansoor Shirvani, Omid Vahidi, Salman Movahedirad,
Volume 17, Issue 9 (11-2017)
Abstract
In the present study direct contact heat transfer between hot water and cold air in vertical pipes with cocurrent downward flow is investigated. Experiments are performed in turbulent condition using 1, 1.5, 2 meter pipes lengths with 0.021 meter diameter. The hot water temperature was varied between 35 to 50 degrees of Celsius and the air temperature was varied between 25 to 35˚C. Air velocities were chosen to be 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 m/s and the rates of flow rate of water was selected as 5, 8 and 10 lit/min. Two phase annular flow pattern of water and air is formed in the vertical pipe. The interface area between water and air was measured by Image Processing taken from shining laser light sheet on the transparent tubes. Over 80 percent of heat was transferred by evaporation and less than 20 percent was transferred by convection. In all three pipes, Nusselt number decreased with increase in flowrate of liquid phase. In all the verified temperatures, Nusselt number was decreasing by increasing pipe length. Experimental values for Nusselt numbers were compered to empirical values for smooth surfaces. Finally, some adjustments were suggested for Nusselt number correlation by fitting experimental data into existing correlations for pipes with smooth surface. Proposed correlations for heat transfer resulted in Nusselt number with ±15.26% average error.
Volume 18, Issue 7 (Supplementary Issue - 2016)
Abstract
In this work, the effect of three-day germination on proximate composition, total phenolic compounds, fatty acid profile, vitamin C content, radical scavenging activity, malondialdehyde content and reducing power of safflower seed was investigated. Apart from ash, other parameters including oil, protein and crude fiber contents decreased significantly during germination. Phenolics content increased gradually from 4.72 to 9.51 mg g-1. Vitamin C sharply increased at the beginning of germination (4.22 to 7.04 mg 100 g-1 after 1-day germination) and after that no significant difference was observed. Germination improved the quality of safflower oil by increasing the unsaturated and decreasing the saturated fatty acids (about 5%). Results indicated that germination could be a suitable bioprocess to improve chemical composition and nutritional value of safflower seed.
