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The optimal implementation of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) in Iranian EFL higher education faces some challenges despite its incremental growth. It is, therefore, necessary to investigate the current challenges affecting university professors' and students' adoption of CALL in Iranian EFL contexts. For this purpose, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with three purposeful sampling groups of participants, both before and after the temporary shutdown of the educational sector due to COVID-19 spread. Therefore, 33 interviewees—university EFL professors, students, and Information Technology Support Engineers (IT-SE)— took part in an interview which took approximately 90 minutes for each, conducted in person or over WhatsApp and Skype platforms. All the interviews were audio recorded and transcribed for thematic analysis by the first researcher and an assistant researcher. The obtained results highlighted nine major categories of themes that indicated the obstacles and challenges of optimal CALL implementation. These challenges are related to 1) technological dimension, 2) teacher dimension 3) student dimension, 4) software and hardware dimension, 5) sanctions and filtering dimension, 6) curriculum dimension, 7) the nature of e-learning dimension, 8) socioeconomic and cultural dimension, and 9) university administrators' dimension.  It was the sanctions and filtering dimension, the nature of e-learning dimension, and the socioeconomic dimension that were exclusive to this study. Each of these major themes includes a set of minor themes. The results can contribute to educational planners, curriculum and material developers, and teachers to develop education programs for optimal CALL implementation in Iranian EFL higher education by removing the challenges.
 

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The current study evaluated the interactive impacts of water temperature and feeding rate on digestive enzymes, intestine histology, growth and stress-related genes, and cultivable intestinal microbiota of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). For this purpose, 180 fish (85.0±3.0 g) were reared at three different temperatures (20, 27, and 33 °C) and two feeding rates (apparent satiation and 2.5% of biomass) with three replications for 6 weeks. The results revealed no significant differences among different treatments regarding the activity of digestive enzymes (P˃0.05) of fish reared under different temperatures and feeding rates. The length, width, and thickness of intestinal villi were unaffected by different temperatures and feeding rates (P˃0.05). In addition, no variations were found in the total aerobic bacterial count of fish gut from different experimental groups (P˃0.05). At the molecular level, IGF-I and HSP70 coding genes were found to be highly expressed in experimental treatments (P<0.05). To conclude, present results showed that temperatures between 27 to 33 °C are more optimal for Asian seabass, and the different temperatures and feeding rates do not affect digestive enzymes, intestine histology, and gut microbiota after 6 weeks. Further molecular research is needed to unravel the complex impact and mechanisms of feeding rate and different rearing temperature on fish physiology.

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The combined effect of different levels of dietary n-3 HUFAs [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] with α-Tocopherol on growth parameters (final weight, SGR, FCR, and some health indices (hematocrit, plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels) of the Caspian trout fry, Salmotruttacaspius, was investigated. Six experimental diets containing three different dietary levels of n-3 HUFAs (Low: 1 + 0.5, DHA+ EPA, Medium: 2 + 1, DHA + EPA, High: 4 + 2, DHA + EPA g/100g diet) with two different levels of α-Tocopherol (Low: 300 and High: 1000 mg/kg diet) were prepared and named: LL, LH, ML, MH, HL, HH (HUFA/α-Tocopherol) groups, respectively. Fries (600 ± 25 mg) were randomly distributed in tanks (50 fries per tank) and were fed with the experimental diets for 10 weeks. The work was conducted in triplicates. Results showed that the SGR and body weight were significantly higher in the MH group than other groups. Hematological parameters, especially plasma lipids and lipoproteins were more influenced by the dietary n-3 HUFA and vitamin E and interaction between vitamin E and n-3 HUFA has minimal effect on these parameters. Results of this study suggested that increasing of dietary n-3 HUFA could improved growth performance and enhance health in the Caspian trout fry when appropriate level of α- Tocopherol supplemented.

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This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of three binding agents, including corn starch, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and urea formaldehyde (UFA) (in diets containing 42% soybean meal) on growth performance, pellet water stability and chemical composition of Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimps with an average initial weight of 0.73 g stored in polyethylene tanks and fed experimental diets for 52 days (four treatments and three replicates). Biometric measurements of shrimp were carried out in two periods of 15 and 21 days. At the end of experiment results showed that the average final weight of shrimp fed the UFA binder is significantly lower than other treatments (p<0.05). Specific growth rate at three sampling periods (p<0.05) and at the end of experimental (p<0.01) was significantly affected by the type of binder, with the lowest SGR in UFA and highest in shrimps were fed control diet. Statistical analysis showed that chemical body composition of shrimp was not significantly affected by dietary treatments. In general, according to the results of diet stability, growth performance and feed utilization as well as shrimp body composition, corn starch is a good binder for whiteleg shrimp feed.

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The practitioners of language learning have introduced various techniques for vocabulary instruction as one of the significant bases in the process of language teaching. One of them is the presentation of new vocabulary items in semantically related or unrelated sets. This study sets forth to investigate whether there is any significant difference in vocabulary learning via the two techniques of antonymous and semantically unrelated sets among Iranian EFL learners with different proficiency levels and different sexes. For this purpose, 120 (60 male and 60 female) students took the Vocabulary Knowledge test and the Definition test. In order to analyze the data related to this study, two two-way ANOVAs were conducted. The findings revealed that the participants in semantically unrelated sets group outperformed their peers in the antonymous sets group. Also in each group, the high proficient participants outscored their low proficient peers. It was evidenced that, in all groups, females performed better than their male peers. The purpose of the current study is to find that from among the two previously mentioned techniques for teaching vocabulary, which one is the most suitable technique for teaching vocabulary to Iranian EFL learners with different proficiency levels and different sexes.

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Cognitive Training (CT) refers to programs designed to enhance the efficiency of cognitive and brain mechanisms through practice and/or intentional instruction. A highly controversial issue in the field of Computerized Cognitive Training (CCT) is its possible transferability to non-trained areas; one untouched discipline is second language (L2) learning. Hence, due to the facilitative role of attention and the predictive strength of working memory in L2 development and comprehension, CCT seems necessary for English language learners. Furthermore, few studies have investigated users’ perceptions of potential improvements in their cognitive functioning. To fill such inherent gaps and overcome the imposed barriers of conducting intervention studies during the COVID-19 pandemic era, this study adopted an interdisciplinary approach to explore English language learners’ self-perceived Far Transfer (FT) effects of Remote Adaptive Multi-Domain Computerized Cognitive Training (RAMCCT) in general cognitive functioning and L2-specific cognitive functioning. Thus, online observations of L2 receptive skills courses (reading and listening) and synchronous semi-structured interviews were undertaken with a convenience sample of 11 intermediate EFL learners who completed eight weeks of RAMCCT. Thematic Analysis (TA) revealed perceived advances in working memory, attention, multitasking, processing speed, hand-eye/ear coordination in general cognitive functioning, and improvements in either one or both of the L2 receptive skills in terms of attention and comprehension and speed. The results are discussed by the corresponding links between attention, working memory, and multitasking, together with the automatization of the core cognitive processes. Implications address game designers, L2 teachers, teacher training programs, and researchers.  
 

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In this study, the method of molecular dynamics simulation is performed to investigate the shockwave propagation in a solid. The simulation cell contains 51840 atoms at 5 K interacting by means of a pairwise potential. The shockwave is generated using the motion of a piston with different velocities in the solid and the resulted shockwave velocity is in good agreement with the experimental data and the Hugoniot curve. The piston hited the sample from one side of the simulation box, at speeds ranging from 1.2 to 1.3 times the speed of sound in solid argon at the chosen density. Some thermodynamics properties such as density, temperature and pressure are measured during propagation of shockwave. It is found that those thermodynamics properties (density, temperature and pressure) are remarkably and significantly increase when the shockwave passed through the solid. We also show that creating initial strain in the solid up to 6.5% can enhance the pressure increment in the solid up to 9%. The results can be useful in enhancing of the shockwave power by giving a detailed microscopic description of the process.

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Small scale hydraulic power plants equipped with very low head (VLH) axial turbines can be considered as a novel approach to extract energy from rivers and canals. In this study, design process and numerical simulation of a prototype of a VLH turbine is done. The selected turbine generates 450 kW power at the head of 2.6 m. In order to generate the turbine geometry using MATLAB and X-Foil, a computational code has been developed. The design process to generate finalized geometrical data of the runner blades contains a primary hydrodynamic design using Euler equation in turbomachinery, a classical approach for axial turbomachinery design and selection of hydrofoils with appropriate lift coefficient. Using the geometry and structured mesh generated by Turbo Grid for discretization of governing equations, the numerical simulation was accomplished by ANSYS CFX. Simulation results of different opening angles of the runner blades are presented for the turbine system including runner and guide vanes. Also, cavitation possibility is studied in various opening angles and discharges. The results demonstrate that the hydraulic efficiency of the VLH turbine is approximately 89% where the opening angle of the runner blades is at the design point. Moreover, cavitation does not occur at the design point. However, at flow rates larger than the nominal flow rate, and at opening angles larger than the design point cavitation at the leading edge is possible

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Poultry should be stored in appropriate conditions to prevent its fast spoilage. Using ‎antimicrobial coatings is considered as one of the ‎methods to preserve‎ this product. In this study, ‎‎Chitosan and Chitosan-Nisin coatings were examined under refrigerated‎ conditions at a temperature of 4°C. The ‎samples were packed in ‎ uncoated as the control, ‎Chitosan coating, and Chitosan-Nisin coating groups. The chicken fillets were tested for microbial (total ‎bacterial count, Salmonella count, and staphylococcus aureus coagulase) and ‎physicochemical (pH, color, and texture) features on the first, third, fifth, and ‎seventh days of storage. Based on the results, the ‎Chitosan coating increased the shelf life of fresh chicken under refrigerated conditions by three-days, which demonstrated‎ an inhibitory effect on the overall bacterial growth until the ‎third day. Finally, Chitosan coating demonstrated an antibacterial effect on the Salmonella and positive ‎staphylococcus aureus coagulase until the fifth day. The samples with‎ Chitosan-Nisin were found to be more effective than the Chitosan ‎coated samples. In addition, the‎ Chitosan-Nisin coated samples‎ prevented the growth of total bacteria including‎ Salmonella, ‎and‎ positive staphylococcus‏ ‏aureus coagulase. Further, it increased the shelf life of fresh ‎chicken under refrigerated conditions at the temperature of 4 °C for seven days.
 

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Endmilling is a type of machining tool for chipping the surfaces of parts, which has received attention due to its wide application in industries such as molding. Therefore, today, the need of the industry to find the optimal parameters of the process is felt so that the quality of the desired surface can be achieved. In general, the selection of effective parameters in any milling process significantly affects the surface quality of a finished part. In this research, using E-fast statistical sensitivity analysis method, the simultaneous influence of input parameters including spindle speed, depth of cut, and feed rate on the output parameter of surface roughness for the samples has been investigated quantitatively. Machining experiments have been carried out under different cutting parameters as defined in steady state conditions for the milling tool. surface roughness and vibration rate of machining with non-linear quadratic forms; It has been modeled based on the cutoff parameters and its interactions through several regression analysis methods. The results of this research showed that the spindle speed time parameter is known as the most influential parameter on the surface roughness with 67% influence. It was also observed that the feed rate parameter with 30% effect of cutting depth with 3% are known as the second and third influencing parameters on surface roughness.

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Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) an important marine species of high economic value and excellent meat quality, has suffered great losses due to disease in high-density aquaculture. The macroalgae, Gracilaria pygmaea, which include various bioactive compounds, may serve as an immunostimulant in the aquaculture industry. This study aimed to assess the effect of dietary fish meal replacement with Gracilaria pygmaea meal on immunity, activity of liver antioxidant enzymes, intestinal tissue, lysozyme gene activity, and IGF-I gene activity in Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer). To this end, 120 individuals of Asian sea bass with an average weight of 28±0.5 g were divided into four treatments and three replicates and kept in 12 tanks (10 fish per 300-liter tank). Blends of soybean meal and fish meal were used as a Control diet (C). Experimental diets were prepared to substitute the fish meal with 3 (GL3), 6 (GL6), and 9% (GL9) of G. pygmaea in the basal diet. Fish were fed three times daily for six weeks. Dietary supplementation of G. pygmaea led to significantly increase in total immunoglobulin level compared to the control. The inclusion of G. pygmaea in the diet did not affect the antioxidant status of the fish. The histological analysis showed that fish of all groups exhibited normal morphology of anterior intestine and pyloric caeca. The obtained results showed that fish of GL9 and the control groups had the highest IGF-1 mRNA transcript abundance in the liver compared to the other groups. The changes of lysozyme expression noticed among the groups were statistically insignificant. Overall, the results obtained in this study indicated that dietary G. pygmaea did not cause adverse effects on immune status, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and lysozyme gene activity in Asian sea bass.