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Problem statement: Bazaars are considered one of the most important spaces that can be a source of emotional arousal by stimulating the audience's senses and can be effective in the formation of the sense of belonging to a place as the identity center of the cities. In this regard, the historical Bazaar of Tehran with its unique features has great importance. It has long been a dynamic and lively center with spatial qualities and has almost met the needs and different senses of people.
Aims: This article aims to identify the features that examine the existence of identity and sense of place in the Tehran Bazaar.
Methods: This article analyzes the initial passive observations through behavioral mapping in the first step. The second step measures the dependence of variables through interviewing on a 7-point Likert scale.
Results: The visual landscape played the greatest role in the perception of the environment and along with the tactility landscape, it is almost constant during the day. On the other hand, acoustic and chemical landscapes are two effective stimuli in the sensory richness of the environment that have more changes during the day than other environmental stimuli. Also, the existence of historical buildings, despite the interest of individuals, does not per se strengthen the sense of place and paying attention to the components of spatial identity and the impact of each sense of place in the bazaar improves market quality and leads to continuity of life and permanence of this valuable architectural heritage.

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Background: Adverse effects of synthetic pigments used in pharmaceutical andfoodindustriesand etc,have created a tendency toward the application of natural pigments. Environmental conditions are important factors in the growth and physiological function of different organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth rate of fungal biomass and production rate of black pigment (melanin) in fungus Exophialacrusticola under different incubation time, temperature, and light conditions to obtain an optimal condition for their production.
Materials and Methods: After obtaining an optimal incubation temperature, cultured fungus in potato dextrose agar and broth media was exposed to blue, yellow, white, red, green, and darknesslight conditions with 14-35 daysof incubation times. The averageamount of produceddry weight of fungal biomass and pigmentweremeasured, and the results were statistically analyzed with SPSS software ver.22.
Results:Suitable incubation temperature for fungal growthwas 22°C.The maximum average amount of fungal biomass (0.17 g)and pigment production (OD = 0.94) were after 35 days of incubation (p< .05) and under yellow light (0.135 g) (OD= 0.98), respectively (p< .05).
Conclusion: By optimization the incubation time, temperature, and light for the growth and production of pigmentinfungusE.crusticola, it is possible to produce a large amount of fungus and its related pigmentin order to be utilized in a variety of industrialand pharmaceutical use, and etc. Also, due to the fungus rapid growth in response to the yellow light, it is possible to use this feature in isolation and early diagnosis of this fungusin suspected pathogenesiscases.

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Background:Survival of dermatophytesinskin scales and nail scraps sampled from human lesions could have ecological and epidemiologicalimportance.The aim of this study was to store humanskin scale and nail lesions infected with dermatophyteagents,at -20°C for a long timeand to investigate the re-isolation rate of dermatophytes species from such samples after storage.
Materials and Methods:After referral to Medical Mycology Laboratory of Tehran University of Medical Science, the patients were subjected to sampling. Confirmation of dermatophytepositive result in direct smears was done with Potassium hydroxide, then culturing on Sabouraud dextrose agar media was performed, and species were identifiedusing standard procedures, and remaining samples were stored at -20°C. After 10 years, samples were re-examined for the presence and re-isolation of intended fungi according to the standard procedures.
Results:From a total of 5 species enrolled in this study, Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, andTricholosporumviolaceum survived, andTrichophyton rubrum andTrichophytonverrucosumlost their viability at -20°C after 10 years. There was a significant difference between the re-isolation rate and the type of dermatophytes (p<.05). E. floccosum had the highest re-isolation rate (66.7%), followed by T. mentagrophytes (27%). All of the re-isolated dermatophytes were taken from scales samples, but none from nailscraps samples.
Conclusion: Some dermatophytes species including E. floccosum are able to maintain their ability to survive for a long time in human scale samples in certain time and temperature conditions (10 years at -20 °C) and to grow in appropriate conditions. These findings should be considered in ecological and epidemiological studies.

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According to the statute of the World Health Organization (WHO), health is considered as an individual and social value, and one of the most obvious human rights and needs. The carriage of heavy schoolbags by children is a concern for all those involved in student health and well-being. Backpacks are the most commonly used type of bag, and overweight backpacks are associated with several health issues, including increased spinal curvature, discomfort, and back and shoulder pain while the majority of students were carrying as much as 30% to 40% of their body weight. In this way posture modifications have been reported when children carry a load that corresponds to more than 10% of their body .
In addition Items carried by students in their daily school bags have been found to include, but are not limited to books, pencil cases, scientific calculators, and sport-specific training clothing,  lunch boxes and full water bottles. Even an empty backpack can distort posture and cause pain. There is no way to safely carry weight in a backpack, no matter how light the load, because it disrupts our body mechanics by design .
 

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The water fern weevil, Stenopelmus rufinasus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is considered as the most important biological control agent of Azolla spp. in the world. Azolla spp. was introduced in Iran in 1986. In August 2017, two specimens of S. rufinasus were collected on Azolla spp. in waterways near Anzali lagoon and Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in Guilan province for the first time. Identification was based on molecular sequencing. This is the first record of S. rufinasus from Iran.
 

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Today, developed and developing countries are focusing more on environmental issues and development. The present study aims to provide a model for the establishment of green human resources management in the entrepreneurship ecosystem. The purpose of this research is in the field of applied research, and since it describes the variables and relationships between them, the recognition of the status quo and finally the presentation of the pattern of deployment, is descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of this research includes relevant experts. In order to reach the consensus, 27 people were studied by interview method and the required information was collected. To analyze qualitative data and to extract factors affecting HRM and its influential factors, the method of analysis of the theme (theme analysis) was used. Structural-interpretive modeling has been used to identify the relationships between variables and the deployment of green human resources in the entrepreneurship ecosystem. The findings of the research include explaining the green human resources management model in the entrepreneurship ecosystem and analyzing the results of infiltration-correlation; the existing model is a model for different businesses with the aim of establishing a green human resource management in the entrepreneurship ecosystem. The research findings show 18 dimensions for the establishment of green human resources management. The research results indicate the impact of green human resource management on entrepreneurship ecosystems and green thinking and sustainable development, and ultimately globalization.

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Motivation for learning a new language does not have an all-or-none impact. It is gradually formed and fluctuated over time and on each timescale has varying levels of influence on a person’s endeavor to learn a language. At the present time, scholars claim that throughout the Second Language Development (SLD) different timescales interact with each other and this interaction is nonlinear, complex and dynamic in nature (de Bot, 2015). The present study attempted to investigate the motivational dynamics of a group of language learners in longer timescales composed of a number of tasks performed on shorter timescales. Moreover, it scrutinized the participants’ potential attribution for the variation in their motivational intensity. Ten participants were interviewed at the onset, while performing tasks and at the end of the course to better picture the interplay of different motivational themes over time. The findings confirmed temporal variation in participants’ motivation. Moreover, the data revealed the fact that motivational themes were not equally effective over the course and during task performance. External incentives and desired L2 proficiency as two major initial motivational factors, for instance, were gradually replaced by internal incentives and L2 learning enjoyment over the semester. However, personal pursuits in L2 learning were equally influential over these timescales. Moreover, L2 future image and positive feelings towards L2 speakers were the least referred factors over all the timescales. Gender and culture-specificity of some of the motivational themes was another finding of this study. As for the attributions behind their motivation, the participants referred to reasons such as parents’ pressure, passion for pursuing personal goals, the kind of tasks, the harmony between their character type and the task type, and gaining more experience through the course.  In sum, participants’ motivation was composed of a web of interrelated and dynamic factors which varied over different timescales. Finally, some implications were driven from the findings of the study.

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One of the pillars of Iran administrative system reform roadmap and macro-administrative policies is development of e-government and administrative intelligence to facilitate service delivery to the public. So, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive model for introducing Smart Organization. It is conducted by qualitative approach framework using grounded theory method. To this end, 17 faculty members and experts in field of organization and management were selected using theoretical sampling method and in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were analysed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Thus 230 initial codes, 72 concepts and 17 categories were extracted. Then, the Delphi method was used to validate the model and 31 people were selected by snowball sampling based on their academic, research or executive in organization and management. A questionnaire based on model components was provided to them. The consensus index increased in the three rounds, so that the Kendall coefficient in the third round was higher than 0.7, indicating a strong consensus among the experts on the model components. Data analysis showed that inside and outside of the organization factors are causal factors; information technology, intelligent management, knowledge management, human capital, equipment and infrastructure, organizational structure and learning organization are contextual factors; developmental culture, trust, commitment, and organizational justice are interfering factors; Information technology governance and knowledge management are strategies for smart organization that have inside and outside of the organizational consequences.
 

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This paper aimed to identify the characteristics of human capital the Smart Organization in a mixed method. In the Qualitative section, 17 faculty members in of organization and management were selected using theoretical sampling method and conducted in-depth and semi-structured interviews were. Data were analyzed by content analysis in Maxqda software. Sub-Sample members of the quantitative section included 200 employees of Zahedan Municipality, regions and affiliated organizations who were selected by stratified random sampling method. At the quantitative section, the instrument was researcher-made questionnaire by acceptable validity that its reliability confirmed by Confirmatory factor analysis in Lisrel software. Evaluation of the identified characteristics was performed by T-test in SPSS software. Individual abilities, skills, knowledge, emotional intelligence, cultural intelligence and organizational intelligence were the characteristics of human capital of Smart Organization. In addition, it was found that the skills are moderate and the status of knowledge, emotional intelligence, cultural intelligence and organizational intelligence is good, but individual abilities and is not in a good condition.

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Aim: Like many other countries, Iran has been exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic and its different economic and environmental implications. So, the research studies the economic and environmental consequences of COVID-19 in the Makoran coast of Sistan and Baluchistan province that supplies nearly 60% of the demand for fish in Iran.
Materials and Methods: The research is an applied study in terms of goal and a descriptive study in terms of data collection method, which was conducted by the cross-sectional survey method.
Findings: A comparison of the period of January-June 2020 (COVID-19 conditions) versus the similar period in the year 2019 (normal conditions) in the economic sector showed that the fishermen’s income, catch rate, and employment have decreased and their unemployment has increased. In the environmental sector, the pandemic and the related restrictions have increased seawater pollution and waste production.
Conclusion:  These changes, which have seemingly increased by the culmination of the COVID-19 pandemic, have had irreparable consequences for the fisheries sector.
Suggestions: Governmental support from the management of demand and supply markets and its plans to support fishermen are recommended as approaches to tackling the crisis. Given the emergence of new strains of COVID-19, such as alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and omicron, it is necessary to conduct long-term studies to determine the full range of the pandemic.
 

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Iron oxide nanoparticles are one of the nano carriers that are suitable for novel drug delivery systems due to low toxicity, biocompatibility, loading capacity and controlled drug delivery to cancer cells. The purpose of this study is the synthesis of coated iron oxide nanoparticles for delivery of Doxorubicin (DOX) and its effects on cancer cells.
In this study, Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by Polyol method, and then doxorubicin was loaded onto PEGylated iron oxide nanoparticles. FT-IR was used to ensure PEG binding to nanoparticles and loading the drug onto nanoshell. Comparison of the mean size and the crystalline structure of nanoparticles were performed by TEM and X-ray diffraction pattern. Then, the effect of cytotoxicity was evaluated on AGS and MCF-7 cancer cells by MTT assay.
According to FT-IR results, the presence of O-H and C-H bands at 2927 cm^-1 and 3392 cm^-1 peaks correlated with PEG binding to nanoparticles. XRD pattern showed the cubic spinel structure of trapped magnetite nanoparticles carrying medium with a mean size of 14 nm. 21.67% of Doxorubicin was loaded into Fe₃O₄-PEG nanoparticles, which the highest drug release recorded during the first 24 hours. MTT assay at 24, 48 and 72 h treatments showed that with increasing concentrations of doxorubicin loaded Fe₃O₄-PEG nanoparticles from 0 to 50 μm, the cytotoxic effects of the drug gradually increase.
This study showed that PEGylation of iron oxide nanoparticles and using them in drug delivery process to increase the effect of Doxorubicin on AGS and MCF-7 cancer cells

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Purpose: Psychological contracts are defined as employees' beliefs and perceptions of implicit and explicit obligations in working relationships with the organization. The aim of this study was to discover the content of psychological contracts of public hospital nurses.
Method: A qualitative study is needed to properly understand the content of nurses' psychological contracts. The required data were collected from semi-structured interviews and with emphasis on the lived experience of nurses in public hospitals. In this regard, participants were selected using purposive sampling method and snowball technique and 19 interviews were conducted to ensure theoretical saturation.
Findings: Findings showed that psychological contracts in nurses included 3 main themes (transaction-based, relation-based and value-based) and 14 sub-themes. Transaction-based contracts included five sub-themes: good work climate, fair payment, non-work problems, workplace safety, and a peaceful environment. Relation-based contracts included five sub-themes: decision-making permission, superior support, job challenge, promotion opportunity, and job security. Value-based contracts included four sub-themes: fulfillment of individual values, fulfillment of collective values, fulfillment of educational values and fulfillment of moral values.
Conclusion. Findings showed that psychological contract of nurses with two themes (transactional and relational) is not comprehensive and nurses had very important values ​​beyond personal and organization interests, which were related to the nature of the nursing profession, and these values are reflected in the value-based psychological contract. As a result, in order to increase organizational commitment and job satisfaction and reduce nurses' turnover, it is necessary to pay attention to the content of all three types of psychological contract.

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The present research aims to enhance our understanding of the relationship among factors related to individual differences in language learning, particularly the constructs of Willingness to communicate, Social intelligence, and Motivation. Gender and language proficiency level were also investigated. In order to answer the research questions and examine their relevant hypotheses, 168 adult Persian language learners in different language levels from various universities (79 females and 89 males) completed the 44-item questionnaire. Results of statistical analyses revealed that the relationship among all three variables was completely meaningful. However, there was no significant relationship was found between WTC and females’ L2 ought-to self. The relationship among WTC and other variables, namely L2 ideal self, learning experience, overall motivation, and social intelligence, in male participants was stronger than their female peers, while the other way round was witnessed concerning the relationship between social intelligence and motivation. Data analysis based on language proficiency level showed that in beginners the relationship among WTC and learning experience, L2 ideal self, and overall motivation and that of social intelligence and motivation was stronger than other levels. In intermediate level, as WTC increased, L2 ought- to self decreased significantly. Moreover, among all levels, the strongest amount of relationship was reported between WTC and social intelligence in intermediate level. 

1. Introduction
Individual differences are of vital importance in language learning and second/foreign language classes and lots of research has been carried out to examine these individual differences and different variables involved in them. In order to apply the most appropriate teaching methodologies, language educators have to have their students’ differences in mind. This study aims to explore the relationship and possible interaction among motivation, social intelligence and WTC of adult Persian learners in different levels regarding their gender.
In order to investigate this issue in more detail the following research question is addressed:
RQ1: Is there any relationship among WTC, overall motivation (including components of L2 ideal self, L2 ought-to self, and L2 learning experience) and social intelligence in adult Persian learners in different levels? And, is there any gender differences in this regard? 
To answer this research question three research hypotheses have been proposed:
RH1: There is a significant relationship among WTC, motivational components and the overall motivation of Persian learners in different levels and this relationship is stronger in females and beginners.
RH2: There is a significant relationship between WTC and social intelligence and this relationship is stronger in females and beginners.
RH3: There is a significant relationship between motivation and social intelligence and this relationship is stronger in males and beginners.
 
 
 
2. Literature Review
Second language research is replete with evidences suggesting that language learning is primarily learner centered (Brown, 2007). In past two decades there has been more emphasis on the role of learners in language teaching and research and their individual differences have been an issue of serious concern among L2 researchers (Dornyei & Skehan, 2003, p. 603). There are so many variables related to learners which facilitate language learning process (Dornyei, 2005). WTC is a personal component that arrested researchers’ attention from both dynamic and static viewpoints. In fact, WTC is a key concept in L2 teaching and learning and refers to the language learner’s willingness to either remain silent or employ second language (MacIntyre & Charos, 1996; Wen & Clement, 2003). Among different variables effective in the extent of WTC, we can point out the learner’s motivation to learn an L2. Motivation is a force which can guide you towards the actions and solutions and is an inclination to perform a particular action or reach a specific aim. It is also concerned with the acts which gives the behavior force and direction. Motivation is a latent variable in language learning which is composed of the willingness to learn a language, the motivational intensity and attitude to learning (Gardner and Tremblay, 1994, cited in Sheikholeslami and Khayyer, 2006). Dornyei (2009) has proposed a new framework for L2 motivation, namely L2 motivational self system (L2MSS) in order to solve the problems inherent in previous theories and suggest a regular structure for L2 motivation. This new model consists of three components: L2 ideal self, L2 ought-to self and L2 learning experience. L2 ideal self is concerned with unique dimensions of a person’s ideal self which show his aspirations, hopes and desires.  L2 ought-to self is related to those features a person has to possess to avoid the possible negative consequences such as requirements, obligations and expectations. L2 learning experience deals with the contextual motivation which is necessary for the learning environment. Another factor involved in language learners’ individual differences is social intelligence. This construct is defined as the person's understanding to behave better in human relations. In the case the learners is able to first distinguish these features and then control and guide his emotions and excitement, he will be able to can remove the debilitative impediments to his performance. Through assessing the language learner’s social intelligence we can predict his potential success in personal and social life (Heidar Kaydan & Azari, 2007).
 
3. Methodology
This research was applied and field study in terms of purpose and methodology, respectively. In order to analyze the data, the findings were first examined and then the inferential statistics of the research hypotheses were tested using SPSS version 26.The data were gathered through a six-point likert scale questionnaire. This 44-item questionnaire consisted of three parts. The 18-item part examining motivational components (selves) was designed by Taguchi et al. (2009) and explored participants' motivational tendencies. The part on WTC (taken from the Compressrat Wang’s Questionnaire (2010) was composed of 13 items and the part on social intelligence was comprised of 13 items taken from a section of Bradbury-Graves’s (2005) questionnaire. The Cronbach's alpha calculated to determine the validity of 3 questionnaires of motivational components, WTC and social intelligence was .8, .87 and .87, respectively, which indicated the internal consistency of the questionnaire items. The validity of the study was also confirmed by 15 experts in the field.
A total number of 168 adult Persian learners with different proficiency levels (79 females and 89 males) from Tarbiat Moddares University, Imam Khomeini University of Ghazvin and Jameat Al-Mustaf University of Qom participated in this study. The proficiency level of these participants was first tested and then they were assigned to different groups based on their scores on the test.
 
 
4. Conclusion
Based on the findings of the present study the results extracted from the examination of the first research hypothesis can be summarized as what follows: the relationship among WTC and three variables of L2 ideal self, L2 learning experience and overall motivation was positive and significant while negative between WTC and L2 ought-to self. There was also a positive and significant relationship among WTC, L2 ideal self, L2 learning experience and overall motivation of male and female Persian learners; whereas this relationship was stronger among male participants. Moreover, while there was no significant relation between females’ WTC and L2 ought-to self, a negative and significant relation was found between these variables of male participants. WTC, L2 ideal self and overall motivation had a positive and significant relation in only beginner and intermediate levels, though no such relation was found among these variables in other levels. The results and findings concerning the second research hypothesis showed a positive and significant relation between WTC and social intelligence, while this relation was stronger among male learners. Along the same line, a positive and significant relation was reported between WTC and social intelligence in all proficiency levels, while this relation was the strongest in intermediate level. Based on the findings of this study the results drawn from the examination of the third research hypothesis can be summarized as following: A positive and significant relation was found between overall motivation and social intelligence. The same relation was reported between these variables among male and female Persian learners; however, this relation was stronger among female participants. Finally, there was a positive and significant relation between overall motivation and social intelligence in only beginner level, whereas there was not such a relation in other proficiency levels.

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Over the past few decades, the mobile government has attracted a lot of attention around the world. The governments are seeking quality services to citizens to achieve the desired level of satisfaction. Therefore, in order to provide better services, it is necessary to study of the quality of mobile government services and ultimately explain the factors affecting the quality of its services. The present study is a type of qualitative research in terms of purpose, applied, and in terms of data collection.In this study, the method of meta synthesis and the approach of Barrosu and Sandeluski was used to investigate the research literature. Data collection tools are open coding to identify themes and components Drivers of of mobile government service quality. The validity of the analysis was assessed using the kappa coefficient, which was equal to 0.771 In this study, 39codes were identified as basic themes to identify the quality of service quality components. Of these, 21codes were selected as Sub themes and 7were identified and formed as Main themes:Quality orientation, meritocracy, personal privacy, commitment, infrastructural measures, pragmatism, efficient management.

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Every year, more than 600,000 tons of rice husk are produced in rice mills in Iran, which are left in nature without proper use or burned. But, with biotechnological methods, it is possible to convert these agricultural wastes into compost with high content of nitrogen and minerals. Accelerating the production of high quality organic fertilizer and reducing the process time requires determining and studying the factors affecting the composting process. In this research, rotten wood waste in the presence of whey was used as an inoculum and the process was studied for one hundred days. The results showed that the process of rice husk composting decreased the ratio of carbon to nitrogen from 161.2 to 21.1 and also increased the nitrogen content from 0.28 to 1.33 percent. By studying temperature changes during the process, it was determined that the degradation of easily biodegradable compounds at the beginning of the process caused an increase in the population of microorganisms and an increase in temperature, and as the process continued, the temperature of the composting environment gradually decreased. On the other hand, the results indicated that the addition of tree bark fertilizer does not affect the quality of the compost content, but it changed the color of the product. The results of the evaluation of the produced compost showed that adding 10 percent by weight of compost to the soil had a significant effect on the length and weight of cowpea.
 

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Precise ascertainment of the diffusion coefficient as the index of penetration of one species through another is essential for accurate physical modeling. The most precise and careful method for computation of these properties is Molecular Dynamics (MD). Unfortunately these methods have huge computational cost. The aim of this article is to introduce a suitable mesoscopic method and an efficient algorithm for calculating diffusion coefficient using this method. In this study we use Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) for calculating diffusion coefficient of the water and lipid through the biological bilayer membranes. Eventually we validate our results with MD simulation and also experimental results. Then we can conclude about this method that besides being efficient from point of computational cost, the proposed algorithm is an accurate method for calculating diffusion coefficient. Therefore using this method, we are able to study the equilibrium behavior of bilayer membranes like calculating diffusion coefficient which with Molecular Dynamics simulations, it maybe takes more than hundreds of times.

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Findings on recast as feedback on learners’ erroneous forms tend to be less than conclusive or confirmatory. Also, the conventional formulations in literature give partial accounts of recasting as an effective methodological practice. The present study proposes recast enriched by negotiation (REN) on the learners’ part as an alternative. For investigating the hypothetical effect, three all-female groups were concentrated on, namely explicit feedback, recast and REN. Summary writing task as post-test concentrated on the learners’ accuracy in terms of error-free T units, and complexity regarding word per sentence ratio as well as lexical density. One-way ANOVA for three independent samples and post hoc analyses revealed that accuracy and word per sentence ratio did not vary significantly; however, lexical density improved as a result of REN. Findings and implications of the study are discussed in the light of methodological potentials and literature.


 
 

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This study investigated the export status of stone fruits in Iran during 1997 to 2010. Export trends and revealed comparative advantage of indices, namely, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), and Relative Export Advantage (RXA) as well as Trade Mapping (TM) were investigated for cherries, plums, peaches, and apricots. Target markets for these products were ranked using numerical taxonomies. The results showed that Iran had export's comparative advantage for stone fruits only in 2007 and 2010. But, this index had a positive growth for the stone fruits in those years, indicating an increasing trend in the export status of these products. Trade mapping analysis indicates that although the export market for these products has declined during the period studied, Iran has taken a greater share of the market and is among the winner groups. The principal export markets in decreasing order were found to be Germany, The UK, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Switzerland, the UAE, and Afghanistan.

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Curcuminoids as a natural antioxidant have many therapeutic activities such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's and atherosclerosis. Curcuminoids have very low solubility in the aquatic environment, limiting its potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, nanocompleted curcuminoids were added to the pasta with different percentages (0, 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1) and the rheological, physicochemical and sensory properties of the pasta were measured. The results showed that moisture content, ash, protein, and rheological properties of pasta were not significantly different with the addition of nano-micellized curcuminoids. Also, the outflow of solids in the baking water increased and the baking weight decreased. With increasing nanocrystalline curcuminoid percentages, factor L * and a * decreased and factor b * increased. Sensory evaluation by panelists showed no significant difference in aroma, taste and odor but overall acceptance of pasta increased with increasing curcuminoid.

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The goal of this research is to design and build a solar adsorption chiller operated by activated carbon / methanol. Continuous refrigeration systems are able to produce cooling continuously. This paper examines the effect of activated carbon particles on the performance of a continuous adsorption chiller device. The source of this chiller is through sunlight and supplied by a parabolic collector that does not need to track sunlight. The system operates with two adsorbent beds that, when one is adsorbed, the other is desorbed. The experiments were carried out in Yasuj during three different days in the month of Bahman for three hot water input to the chiller 38℃, 34℃ and 30℃. The average ambient temperature during the experiment is 18℃. Experimental results shows that for the total energy input, 13MJm-2, the average performance factor of the chiller is when the inlet temperature of the hot water of the chiller is 38℃, 34℃ and 30℃, respectively, of 0.123, 0.103 and 0.10. For Previous temperatures the average specific cooling power of the device was obtained at 88Wkg-1, 65Wkg-1 and 50Wkg-1 respectively.