---

Women in the book of “One thousand and one nights” and “Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh”, various social roles, sometimes positive and sometimes negative, are responsible; the role and position of women in two somewhat different. More tales One thousand and one nights, unlike the shahnameh, the loathing of women begins. At the beginning of this story, it seems that she is defeated and surrendered, but it is not so, but at the end of her affair with a feminine subtlety to spend, will win. In this paper with the method of descriptive-analytical, social status and role of women in two great works have been reviewed and compared. Most of the stories have been studied in this paper, which are responsible for a good female role. The results of this study indicate that the legend of the One thousand and one nights unlike the shahnameh, role of women in negative and sometimes mixed with evil of satanic. .  

---

Feeding performance of the green oak leaf roller, Tortrix viridana (Linnaeus) was determined on three host plants including Quercus libani Oliv, Quercus infectoria Oliv, and Quercus branti Lindl, under laboratory conditions. Mean total leaf weight consumed by larvae was the highest on Q. branti (0.31 g) and the lowest on Q. libani (0.14 g).The feeding index was the highest on Q. libani while the other two host plants were not significantly different. Significant relationships were found between amount of consumed leaf tissues and resulting pupal weight, on all host plants. Larval and pupal mortality were not significantly different on host plants. Findings indicated that the feeding index could be a key factor to assess performance of T. viridana on Quercus species.

---

---

Aims: In the past years, the increase in economic pressures and the shrinking of families and the motivation to live a simple life have caused an increase in the demand for small-scale houses. The purpose of this research is to identify the framework and ranking of flexibility components that can be effective in small-scale housing.

Methods: In this research, using the descriptive-analytical method, the effective components in the design of flexible small-scale houses were identified and the conceptual framework of the research was confirmed using the Delphi method. Then, using the survey method, these components were ranked in the 10th district of Isfahan through Shannon's entropy test. The statistical population includes three groups of experts, architectural experts and the public, whose opinions have been compared and analyzed using comparative analogy.

Findings: The research findings show that the components that are important from the point of view of all three groups include: multi-functional spaces, mezzanine spaces, adaptable facade with variable uses, use of shallow plans with rectangular geometry, movable furniture according to ergonomics and movable partitions according to It is ergonomic.

Conclusion: In the end, it can be concluded that among the identified components, several components such as partitions and movable furniture are compatible with human ergonomics and adaptable view, and modern technology is an important tool to achieve them.
 

---

Aims: In contemporary residential architecture, semi-open spaces have lost their quality as one of the essential spaces of a home. Therefore, the aim of this research is identifing the components that increase the quality of semi-open residential spaces and assessing the level of intersections and differentiation of these components in literature review and contemporary residential architecture of the country.

Methods: The components of semi-open spaces were identified using a descriptive method, and then 30 case studies in IRAN were evaluated using a cese study method. The frequency and weight of the components were obtained based on Shannon's entropy in the literature and case studies. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was conducted between the prioritization of components between literature review and case studies.

Findings: the intersectional components of semi open space include diverse activities and spaces, desirable activities, view, interaction with environment, privacy and natural elements, adjacency to interior spaces, spatial dimensions - height, spatial proportions, openness, materials, and spatial construction elements. The semantic differentiations are as follow social interaction, safety, and comfort are protorized in the literature review, while aesthetic components such as restraint, visual continuity, and beauty are protorized in case studies. The physical differentiations are such that the literature emphasizes the physical structure, including surface areas, porosity, spaciousness, and depth of space, whereas the case studies illustrate a superiority of aesthetic considerations, involving color, volumetric balance, and form.

Conclusion: After considering the intersectional semantic and physical components as primary design imperatives, the differences indicate that what is crucial in enhancing the quality of semi-open spaces in contemporary residential works is desires, housing budgets, and socio-cultural requirements of diverse contexts.
 

---

In this study, hydrodynamic behavior of four-sided wind tower attached to parlor and courtyard of a scaled model form existing historical house with wind incident angel as variable was numerically investigated. Hazire-ei house wind tower, which has six channels with rectangular cross section, integrated with parlor and courtyard is considered among the most typical ones in the vernacular architecture of Yazd city. This article seeks to investigate the performance of four-sided wind tower regarding suction and supply amount of air and the way it was used as a vernacular solution for natural ventilation in order to provide engineers with design guidelines for contemporary use. Numerical study was conducted on a 1:25 scaled model and for 13 wind incident angels with 15 degrees intervals and interested parameters are mass flow rate and flow direction in each channel. A structured mesh was generated and ANSYS Fluent software was used for numerical simulation. Numerical modeling results were validated against experimental tests conducted on the same scaled model and good agreement was observed. Results indicate that in 68.5% of incident angels, four-sided wind tower acts as sucking the air out of building and in other incident angels with approximately equal amount of supply and extract rate, it operates as an air exchange unit. Accordingly it can be concluded that putting aside stack effects, four-sided wind towers in dry regions of Iran are mostly employed for heat dissipation elements rather than inducing outdoor cool breezes.