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Aims: The social status of nurses is one of the factors affecting the professional identity and plays an important role in how people perceive this profession and also the tendency of people to this profession. So this study was conducted to determine the Iranian population's attitude toward the social status of the nursing profession.
Instrument & Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-section study was conducted in public places in Hamadan from October to February 2019. Four hundred citizens participated in the study by available sampling method from 4 urban areas of Hamedan. The data were collected by a social status researcher-made questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 16 and, parametric statistical tests such as t-test and ANOVA and non-parametric tests such as Chi-square.
Findings: The mean age of participants was 34.30±9.98 years. The mean of the obtained score from the status questionnaire was 71.23±11.76, which was at a moderate level in qualitative leveling. Statistical tests showed that social status score was statistically significantly related to gender, education, and media relations (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Considering that individuals' attitudes on the social status of the nursing profession are moderate and people who had more contact with the media reported lower scores of social status, it is recommended that members of the media take action to reflect the true image of the nursing profession.

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Turbulent wind flow over buildings occurs due to the complexity like sharp corners, ground effect and different vortexes is one of the best choices to evaluate turbulence methods. DES and DDES are hybrid RANS-LES models for simulating turbulent flow which for their characteristic treat near wall as RANS and farther the wall act as LES model. Consequently computational time will decrease compared to traditional LES models. In this article to evaluate DES and DDES models, turbulent incompressible flow in Re = 22000 over 3D building is simulated using parallel processing facilities. For verification purpose other investigators experiment results are used. Also the mentioned models are compared with classic RANS and LES models, like k-ε and LES-Smagorinsky to depict their performance. Our results illustrate DES model with fine grid has good precision for simulating turbulent incompressible wind flow over building and decline of 26 percentage of computational time compared to LES-Smagorinsky model.

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Predicting wind flow pattern around high rise building, because of pedestrian comfort, air pollution in weak wind region and etc. has important position in wind engineering. Turbulent wind flow over buildings due to the complexity like sharp corners, ground effect and different vortexes, is one of the best choices to evaluate turbulence methods. Moreover in a campus due to high velocity region between buildings, simulating wind flow is more complex. Therefore reaching acceptable result needs a fine grid with an accurate turbulence model that increases computational cost. DES is hybrid RANS-LES models for simulating turbulent flow which for their characteristic, treat near wall as RANS and farther the wall act as LES model. Consequently in this hybrid model, computational time will decrease compared to traditional LES models. In this article turbulent 3 dimensional wind flow over Tarbiat Modares University with DES method in different wind velocities is simulated. Because cells number is great, parallel processing has been used. For verification, DES results are compared with traditional LES models such as smagorinsky. The results show good agreement with other traditional methods.

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The present paper investigates turbulent flow of film cooling on model turbine blade leading edge using two scale-resolving attitude of turbulent flow modeling. In the first attitude the detached eddy simulation (DES) approach based on Spalart-Allmaras and in the second attitude the large eddy simulation (LES) approach will be used. Results show that the DES approach due to its hybrid nature and applying RANS models in near walls, predicts the Fluctuations of spanwise direction in coolant pipe lower. As a result, the coolant flow imports to the main flow with lower turbulence. Also DES approach predicts less turbulent kinetic energy lateral distribution and further turbulent heat flux in near walls. So, in DES approach the adiabatic effectiveness on turbine blade leading edge predicted lower than LES approach and experimental data. In addition, results show that mixture of coolant jet and mainstream hot gas in DES approach is estimated lower than LES approach. In total, it can be deducted that although DES approach provides acceptable results in far wall region, but in near wall region it has problems in correct prediction of turbulence Specifications. In addition, the main advantage of DES approach in comparison with LES approach is 40% reduction of computational cost that can explain using this approach.

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اخیراً مقاله‏ای با عنوان «بررسی آثار قرار گرفتن در معرض امواج تلفن همراه (900 مگاهرتز) در اوایل تولد بر حافظه و فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و کاتالاز در بافت مغز موش صحرایی» را مطالعه نمودم که در آن فصلنامه پژوهشی [1] به چاپ رسیده بود. همان‏طور که محققین محترم نیز در ابتدای مقاله مذکور اشاره نموده بودند «در دنیای امروز علاقه زیادی برای بررسی آثار زیان بار امواج الکترومغناطیسی به ویژه تلفن همراه وجود دارد.» از این رو تحقیقات گسترده‏ای در کشورهای مختلف صورت می‏گیرد که بیانگر نگرش ویژه محققین در بررسی آثار این تکنولوژی نوین بر زندگی انسان است. چاپ نتایج حاصل از فعالیت تحقیقاتی مذکور به‏صورت یک مقاله اصیل با همت دو نفر از متخصصین محترم رشته فیزیولوژی در آن مجله علمی جای بسی تشکر را دارد. همانند همه رشته‏های تخصصی، تحقیق روی آثار امواج الکترومغناطیسی نیز یک مبحث اختصاصی است؛ اما به نظر می‏رسد که موارد مندرج در این مقاله نشانگر فقدان اطلاعات کافی در این زمینه باشد، بنابراین سبب حذف برخی نکات اساسی شده است. از این رو لازم می‏دانم که ضمن احترام به نویسندگان عزیز و با در نظر گرفتن این‏که روش تحقیق مقاله فوق برگرفته از منبع درج شده شماره 15 [2] است، نکات مبهم موجود در مقاله حاضر را با استناد به منبع مذکور یادآوری نمایم:در بخش مواد و روش‏ها به منظور تأمین تشعشعات الکترومغناطیسی، با وجود این‏که جمله «بر اساس کار پژوهشی قبلی [15]» ذکر شده، از گوشی تلفن همراه Nokia N72 استفاده شده است در صورتی‏که برای تأمین تشعشعات در منبع 15، از یک دستگاه سیگنال ژنراتور (Rode & Schwarz، آلمان) برای تولید فرکانس 840 مگاهرتز استفاده شده است. قابل ذکر است که گوشی تلفن همراه مورد استفاده در آزمایش (Nokia N72)، از گوشی‏های نسل دوم بوده و در ایران با سیم کارت‏های همراه اول و ایرانسل فعال خواهد شد. در بخش مواد و روش‏ها هیچ اشاره‏ای به شیوه فعال‏سازی گوشی برای استفاده از امواج 840 مگاهرتز نشده که نکته‏ای بسیار اساسی است.

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Accurate estimate of the land cover is of particular importance in environmental management and planning. Different methods have so far been developed for the classification of satellite imagery. Regarding the weakness of the hard classifiers in the presence of the mixed pixels, soft classification methods have been designed to estimate the fractions of different classes within mixed pixels. Linear spectral mixture model could be considered as the most popular method of soft classification. The accuracy of this model is extremely depended on the quality of the input pure pixels. The extraction of these pixels is often hard and challengeable. In this paper, making use of physical parameters (brightness, wetness, and greenness) is proposed for extraction of pure pixels. The evaluation criteria of unconstrained linear spectral mixture model were used assess the quality of pure pixels extracted from the proposed method. By Implementing of this model on the satellite image of the study area, the total number of under-shoot and over-shoot pixels was determined as 4.43 percent of the total image pixels. Also RMSE equaled to 2.68. Consequently, the proposed method demonstrated promising accuracy in the results of the linear spectral mixture model without considering any constraint.    

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Yogurt as a member of fermented food family has been considered an appropriate food system in order to transfer nutraceutical and plant extracts in daily consumption. Thereupon omega-3 fatty acids of plants oil including Purslane and flax seeds oil could be suitable targets to produce functional yogurts. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of the addition of Purslane Oil and Flaxseed Oil on Yogurt Physicochemical and Organoleptic Characteristics. In this study, the effect of using Purslane Oil Concentrations  (0/5%, 1/5%, 2%) and Flaxseed Oil Concentrations (0/5%, 1/5%, 2%) individually and simultaneously on Yogurt Physicochemical and Organoleptic Characteristics at 4 C and over time intervals. The evaluation of fatty acid profiles showed that the replacement of Purslane Oil and Flaxseed Oil in treatments reduced the amount of saturated fatty acids and increased the amount of unsaturated fatty acids. The obtained results physicochemical properties demonstrate that application of Purslane and flax seeds oil led to a significant reduction in pH and enhancement in acidity values (p≤0.05). While crude fat and dry matter content of treatments didn’t alter significantly (p>0.05). While crude fat and dry matter content of treatments didn’t alter significantly. On the other hand oxidative sensibility of treatments showed a reverse correlation with Purslane and flax seeds oil substitution, so that all the samples had a far higher proxide values than control sample (p≤0.05). In addition, sensorial investigation of samples implied the fact that Purslane and flax seeds oil usage doesn’t change the organoleptic features (except in 1.5 and 2 percent substitution) which is eventually caused greater acceptance of treatment with 0.5 percent Purslane oil than control and selected as the best treatment

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The Sassanid era is one of the most brilliant in the Iranian civilization in terms of various arts development. The coastal areas of the Caspian Sea, especially Mazandaran, has long been the site of artistic manifestation with countless examples of art works kept in different museums inside and outside the country. The Sassanid art particularly depict life and glory of the kings. With a deep insight into the works, one can easily find the use of a vast array of birds, animals, plants, gods and mythological beings in symbolic ways. After reviewing and researching all the works created in the Sassanid period, a common feature attracts opinions, and that is the similarity and harmony of decorative motifs in all of these works, especially bas-reliefs, metal wares, fabrics and seals. The purpose of this research is to investigate the images of sacred animals on the Mazandaran artifacts of the Sassanid period, in response to the question of what is the relationship between the designs of sacred animals and the motifs on discovered metal works of Mazandaran. The results of this study clearly show that in most of the concepts and representations in the works produced in every part of this civilization, a common goal was pursued, and it is a struggle against evil forces. The symbolic emblems of sacred animals in Iran can be found in close connection with the beliefs and religions of that era, some of which are manifested in the form of boar and lion in the body of gods and goddesses.

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Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has been developed as a new therapeutic manner for the treatment of neurological disorders, offering a reversible and adjustable alternative to traditional lesion-based surgeries. By delivering targeted electrical stimulation to specific brain regions, DBS modulates neural circuits and restores dysfunctional networks. Beyond its established role in movement disorders like Parkinson’s disease, DBS has shown remarkable efficacy in managing epilepsy. Its therapeutic effects are mediated through complex mechanisms, including neurotransmitter modulation, ion channel regulation, and alterations in the brain’s microenvironment. This article explores how DBS leverages these multifaceted processes to revolutionize neuromodulation and offers insights into its expanding potential for treating epilepsy.
Keywords: Deep Brain Stimulation, Epilepsy, Anticonvulsant, Seizure