Showing 16 results for khanjani
Volume 1, Issue 2 (6-2012)
Abstract
Study of phytoseiid mites in some regions of western and north–westernIranwere carried out during 2008–2011. In this study, 21 species belonging to the six genera were collected and identified. They were associated with aerial parts, soil and litter under cultivated, uncultivated plants and some phytophagous mites and insects.
Volume 2, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
Medicinal plants were used from past to present. Different small arthropods such as Acari were found on these plants. Therefore a study on the Acari fauna associated with some medicinal plants (Family: Asteraceae) in Hamedan region was carried out during 2008–2009. In this survey, 23 species belonging 18 genera from 15 different families of the subclass Acari were collected and identified. Two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) was determined as an abundant phytophagous mite species in this study.
Volume 2, Issue 4 (12-2013)
Abstract
The present checklist is a compilation of the eupodoid mites of Iran using published records and original data from recent researches. It contains 19 species belonging to 13 genera and five families. Family Cocceupodidae Jesionowska, 2010 (because of moving the genera to a new family) and two species i.e. Foveacheles (Foveacheles) cegetensis Zacharda, 1983 and Linopodes antennaepes Banks, 1894 are new records for Iranian mite fauna. In addition to some corrections to specific identities which have been previously reported in Iranian literature, we report here the known geographical distribution and habitats in Iran and distribution in the world as well.
Volume 3, Issue 2 (6-2015)
Abstract
Aim: Health locus of control includes the degree of a person's belief in the fact that his/her health is controlled by internal or external factors. The aim of this study was to determine the status of health locus of control and its related factors among Iranian pilgrims.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 600 pilgrims of the holy shrines in Tehran in 2015. People aged over 15 years who had come for pilgrimage to the shrines entered the study by convenient sampling and after consent. The A form of the Multi-dimensional Health Locus of Control scale was used. This form consists of Internal Health Locus of Control (IHLC), Powerful others (PHLC) and Chance External Locus of Control (CHLC). The relation of between age, gender, education, income, marital status and location of residence on each construct was evaluated by t-test, ANOVA and linear regression through SPSS21.
Findings: Among the total pilgrims, 302 were females (50.3%). The mean age of the participants was 33.15±11.06 years. The highest and lowest averages were associated with the internal locus of control (25.60±3.34) and the chance locus of control (18.20±5.13), respectively. There was a significant relationship between educational level and IHLC; between income and education level with CHLC; and between marital status and age with PHLC.
Conclusion: According to our results, most people think that they control their health or life events themselves. People with a higher internal locus of control score have more tendency to practice health promotion and disease prevention and seek health through visiting holy sites and appealing to God.
Volume 3, Issue 5 (Supplementary Issue - 2014)
Abstract
The grape erineum mite (GEM), Colomerus vitis (Pagenstecher) (Acari: Eriophyidae) is considered to be one of the most important pests, that sometimes causes irreversible damages to grapevine cultivars in western parts of Iran. Studies were carried out in order to find natural enemies associated with GEM, during 2011-2013. Results indicated that natural enemies included two species of predatory mites belonging to the families Phytoseiidae [Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) khosrovensis, T. (Anthoseius) bagdasarjani], Tydeidae (Neopronematus sp.), one species of Anystidae (Anystis baccarum), one species of Stigmaeidae (Zetzellia mali), one species of dipteran: Cecidomyiidae (Arthrocnodax vitis Rubsaamen), four species, belonging to the family Coccinellidae (Stethorus gilvifrons, Coccinella septempunctata, Hipodamya varigiata, Harmonia sp.), two species of predatory bugs belonging to the family Anthocoridae (Orius albidipennis, O. niger) and one species of Chrysopidae (Chrysopa carnea). Amongst them the cecidomyiid, the tydeid mite and the phytoseiid mites, had higher population densities in this area.
Volume 3, Issue 5 (Supplementary Issue - 2014)
Abstract
The laelapid mite, Gaeolaelapsaculeifer (Canestrini) is widespread in soil habitats and feeds on different small arthropods, fungi and nematodes. The development and fecundity of G. aculeifer feeding on Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze & Robin) as prey was studied at eight different constant temperatures which include: 16, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30 and 32.5 ºC, with relative humidity of 60 ± 5%, and a 16:8 h (Light: Dark) photoperiod. The results showed that the development time of immature stages were 30.80 ± 0.68, 30.57 ± 0.42 days at 16 °C; 8.66 ± 0.09, 8.20 ± 0.18 days at 30 °C and 9.86 ± 0.19, 9.77 ± 0.22 days at 32.5 °C for females and males, respectively. The pre-oviposition period considerably varied from 7.60 ± 3.02 days at 16 °C to 0.81 ± 0.09 days at 30 °C and then increased to 2.07 ± 0.25 days at 32.5 °C. The oviposition period decreased with increasing temperature from 36.93 ± 2.66 days at 20 °C to 17.67 ± 1.90days at 32.5 °C. The average life span of females was 102.40 ± 8.08 days at 16 °C and 37.21 ± 1.98 days at 32.5 °C. The mean daily oviposition per female increased from 0.49 ± 0.14 at 16 °C to 3.76 ± 0.13 at 30 °C and decreased to 1.88 ± 0.15 at 32.5 °C.
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2016)
Abstract
Pepper plant Capsicum annuum L. has great nutritional value and many pharmaceutical properties but its sensitivity to pests such as Aphis gossypii Glover, especially in drought stress conditions, has limited its production. To evaluate the effect of drought stress on the population and damage rate of this pest in greenhouse condition, four moisture treatments including; full irrigation, 15, 30 and 45 percent of water deficit, and four treatments with different amounts of super absorbent polymer (SAP) containing 2, 4, 6 and 8 g per pot were separately performed in completely randomized design. Four weeks after applying drought stress, the pots were moved near the aphid sources. Density of aphids was examined after one month of infestation, and the plant growth characteristics after two months. It was found that the increase in severe drought stress (45% DI45) significantly raised the population of this pest and remarkably decreased plant growth rate and yield. However, the low stress of drought (15% DI15) not only caused relative reduction of insect’s population, but also saved water consumption and increased crop yield. However, the insect population was elevated as a result of increase in the amount of irrigation. Although the excessive use of SAP (8 g) increased the aphid population, the current experiment showed the use of 4 and 6 g of super absorbents could minimize the irrigation stress, decrease the pest population and improve yield of the plants by retaining the moisture in drought conditions.
Volume 6, Issue 3 (Summer 2018)
Abstract
Aims: Osteoporosis is a major public health problem in the world, which can be prevented or its onset can be delayed through some lifestyle changes. The aim of this study was to assess the application of the precede-proceed model in promoting physical activity for prevention of osteoporosis among women.
Materials and Methods: The present quasi-experimental study examined the application of precede-proceed model on the physical activity of 120 women with the age range of 15 to 49 years old, who were selected by multistage random sampling in Kerman in 2014. The participants were divided to the control (n=60) and intervention (n=60) groups. Among the preventive behaviors of osteoporosis, physical activity was selected for the educational intervention. The educational intervention lasted for 2 months. An international standard questionnaire was used to measure physical activity, and a researcher-made questionnaire, according to the constructs of precede model was used to collect data before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20, using Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, and Chi-square tests as well as descriptive statistics.
Findings: After educational interventions, the mean scores of predisposing, reinforcing and empowering factors, as well as osteoporosis preventive behaviors (physical activity) significantly increased only in the intervention group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Health education and health promotion interventions based on precede-proceed model can lead to increased physical activity and eventually prevent osteoporosis in women.
Volume 7, Issue 4 (Winter 2023)
Abstract
Research subjec: Polyethylene surfaces are often modified because of different reasons such as cleaning, etching, change in the performance of the surface, and surficial precipitation. One of the surfaces in the blow molded applications that must be treated in order to be ready for the adhesion of the labels is the surface of the bottle of the hygiene detergents, being the purpose of this research. In this paper, gliding arc plasma device is used at atmospheric pressure with air gas to modify the surface of polyethylene sheets in order to change their structure.
Methods: Various analyzes such as AFM, SEM and XPS tests have been used to investigate the changes in the chemistry and physics of polyethylene surface after plasma modification. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) has also been used to identify plasma elements.
Findings: The contact angle between the water droplet and the polyethylene surface reached 46.96 ° after 40 s of treatment, while this contact angle was 66.53 ° before plasma treatment. The decrease in the contact angle size of the water droplet and the sample surface indicates the hydrophilicity of the polyethylene surface after plasma modification. The surface free energy of polyethylene was calculated before and after plasma modification using the Owens-Wendt-Rabel Kaelble method. The surface energy of polyethylene has increased from 42.20 mj.m-2 in the control sample to 60.32 mj.m-2 in the modified sample. The increase in surface roughness of the modified sample with gliding arc plasma was confirmed by AFM test. The surface roughness of polyethylene in the control sample was 47.18 nm, while the roughness in the modified sample increased to 59.86 nm. The XPS test confirmed the presence of oxygenated and nitrogenous functional groups on the surface of the modified sample. This test also showed the formation of C−C=O and C−O−C bonds on PE surface.
Volume 8, Issue 1 (1-2019)
Abstract
The whitefly, Aleuroclava jasmini Takahashi (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is an important pest on paper mulberry Brousson etiapapyrifera (L.) Vent. (Moraceae) plants in the green space of Tehran, Iran. Considering the importance of essential oils in the integrated management program of pests, the present survey were carried out to assess the insecticidal effects of essential oils extracted from garden thyme, Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae), and neem seed, Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae) on mortality of immature stages of A. jasmini including eggs, first-instar nymphs, and pupae, and adult repellency. Three doses of the above mentioned essential oils consisting of 0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5% (v/v), were tested in contact toxicity assays. Separately, various essential oils (0.5%), as well as Tween-20 (0.5%) were applied as treated and control for adult repellency. Responses differed according to the type and concentration of oils, as well as growth stage of A. jasmini. The highest mortality was detected with increasing concentration of assayed essential oils. The results showed that younger nymphs were more sensitive to treatments than other growth stages. Essential oil derived from T. vulgaris was the most effective, decreasing the survival rate of eggs, nymphs and pupae 64%, 76% and 50%, respectively, as compared with controls. In free-choice assays, the mean numbers of eggs laid on 0.5% A. indica and T. vulgaris oil-treated plants were 80.98% and 58.57% lower than on control plants, respectively. In conclusion, extracted oils from T. vulgaris and A. indica represented the highest contact toxicity, and repellency to A. jasmini respectively. Finally, the assayed essential oils show promise for inclusion in integrated A. jasmini management programs in green space of Tehran, Iran.
Volume 9, Issue 2 (2-2020)
Abstract
The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) is one of the most important pests of field crops, orchard trees and ornamentals around the world. The short life cycle, high reproductive potential, accompanied by frequent acaricide applications have caused resistance development to wide range of acaricides. In this study the susceptibility of two populations, collected from Karaj and Mahllat, was investigated against fenpyroximate. The bioassay test was carried out by using the leaf-dip method. The results showed that the LC50 values for Karaj and Mahallat population were 2.1 and 92 (mg/ml), respectively. The resistance ratio was 43.8. The enzyme assay results revealed that the activity ratios of esterase in Mahallat to Karaj populations were 2.5 and 1.2 when α-NA and β-NA were used as a substrate, respectively. The activity of cytochrome P450 in Mahallat population was 1.37 times higher than the Karaj population. There was no significant difference in glutathion S-transferase activity between the two populations. The gene expression (qRT-PCR) results showed that the expression level of CYP392A11 in Mahallat population was 3.52 times higher than Karaj population. These results suggested that esterase and cytochrome P450 monoxygenase are probably involved in resistance of T. urticae to fenpyroximate.
Meysam Nazari, Davood Jalalivahid, Samira khanjani,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2015)
Abstract
In this study forced convection heat transfer in a pebble bed cylindrical channel with internal heat generation was investigated experimentally. Dry air has been used as working fluid in heated spheres cooling process. Internal heating was generated uniformly, by electromagnetic induction heating method in a metallic spheres which have been used in test section. Spheres are made of stainless steel and their diameter is in the range of 5.5-7.5 mm. Present study was performed at steady state and turbulence flow regime, with Re number in the range of 4500-9500. Different parameters resulted by variation of spheres diameter, flow velocity and generated heat on forced convection heat transfer was studied. According to thermal and hydrodynamics studies, it can be said as Re number increases, heat transfer coefficient will increase. Also heat transfer coefficient has been increased by spheres diameter decrement. The generated heat has a little influence on heat transfer coefficient. The effect of pressure variations on forced convection heat transfer can be neglected. Porous channel has greater friction factor in comparison with an empty channel. The friction factor in empty channel is always less than 1 but for porous channel this parameter is in the range of 10-25.
Samira khanjani, Akram Tavakoli, Davood Jalali Vahid, Meysam Nazari,
Volume 15, Issue 11 (1-2016)
Abstract
In this study, forced convective heat transfer characteristics of /water nanofluid flowing through a double pipe heat exchanger with plain twisted tape and cut twisted tape inserts is investigated experimentally to reveal the effect of cut twisted tape and nanofluid concentration on heat transfer. Experiments are conducted in a turbulent flow regime with Re number ranging from 4000-34000 and in the particle volume concentration range of 0<φ<0.1%.The results of thermal studies showed enhancement of convective heat transfer with nanofluids compared with flow of water. Also it was found that in higher Reynolds numbers the nanofluid has better heat transfer capability. The effects of twisted tape with and without cuts on edges on heat transfer coefficient and rate were investigated. It was found that the twisted tape with cut edges could enhance heat transfer rate better than twisted tape without cut edges. The pressure drop was investigated for flow of nanofluid and water. The results showed that there is a little difference between pressure drops in these cases. Friction factor and pressure drop in tube with plain twisted tape and cut twisted tape inserts are increased due to increasing flow resistance and contact surface between fluid and flow passage.
Volume 19, Issue 3 (10-2019)
Abstract
With rapid rise in development of urban districts, a ferocious demand for water-collecting urban sewer systems is inevitable. In fact, flexible sewer collecting systems and drainage systems should be developed for controlling sewage and runoff, respectively. In the case of underground, conducting water flow properly through high vertical distances needs reliable criteria design for dissipating flow energy. Vortex structure is taken into account as one of the economical infrastructures which can be used to eradicate destructive impacts of inflow over a drop with invert elevation. In the current investigation, a physical model, made of Plexiglas segments, was set up to study hydraulic performance of vortex drop structure in terms of flow energy dissipation efficiency (FEDE). 144 experiments were conducted and analyzed by means of full factorial method (FFM). Results of dimensional analysis demonstrated that Froude number (Fr), ratio of drop total height to shaft diameter (L/D), and ratio of sump depth to shaft diameter (Hs/D) were considered effective variables on the FEDE. Hence, a regression based equation in form of a quadratic polynomial was proposed to estimate FEDE variable. Experiments aims were to investigate simultaneous effects of approach flow Fr, L/D, Hs/D on the FEDE. Results of experiments indicated that FEDE variable had downward trends with an increase in Fr variable and additionally, FEDE has gone through upward trends with an increase of L/D and Hs/D ratios. Increase in , which causes remarkable effect of wall friction on vortex flow, leads to increase in FEDE in the structure. Moreover, observations showed that decrease in inlet discharge for smaller Froude number results in more rotations of vortex flow in vertical shaft than flow with larger discharges for larger Froude number. This causes reduction of FEDE due to increase in inlet discharge. In addition, shown that in the structures with smaller L/D (L/D=10), the reduction effect of on the FEDE is more. With respect to positive effects of sump depth range (Hs/D=1-1.6) on FEDE and flow patterns observed in the entrance outlet tunnel, range (Hs/D=1-1.6) can be replaced by Hs/D range (0.7-1) proposed Zhao et al. [11]. In addition, the results showed that the interaction of and Hs/D on the FEDE in the structure is not significant.
For Q between 9.7 and 27.1 l/s, formation of hydraulic jump in tangential inlet was not occurred and flow was drained freely to drop shaft. Additionally, water surface in tangential inlet was lower than that of approach channel. In the outlet part of vortex structure, flow hitting the baffle leads to relatively significant increase in flow elevation top of the baffle in comparisons with other parts. Moreover, for constant values of Q and Hs/D ratio, flow elevation over the baffle has increased with an increase in L/D ratio, while for constant values of Q and L/D ratio, flow elevation has plummeted with an increase in Hs/D. Observations of experiments indicated that baffle-hitting flow accelerated without existence of sump at the base of drop shaft. Then caused to detaching flow and consequently occurrence of cavitation increased.
Volume 20, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Drop vortex is utilized to convey sewage across elevation change in steep catchments. This structure is generally used when the elevation difference is more than 5 m. Since the air and water flow are extensively combined in these structures and the sewage flow might contain detergent and foam producing materials, foam could produce in some parts of drop vortex. This phenomenon could affect vortex airflow and reduce drop vortex hydraulic performance. In this investigation, the effects of Foam Producing Flow (FPF) on vortex air discharge were studied by a scaled model and statistical Design of Experiment (DoE) methodology. Effects of Concentration Number, detergent type, and Froude Number on the dependent variable, air discharge to water discharge ratio, were studied by 33 full-factorial design and 63 runs. Analysis of the results revealed that all design factors had meaningful effects on vortex air discharge and it decreases by the increase of Concentration and Froude Number. Moreover, it was illuminated that foam formation could boost air discharge by 82% and in some conditions could reduce it more than 64%.
Volume 21, Issue 147 (May 2024)
Abstract
In this study, the survival of Lactobacillus casei probiotic bacteria added to polylactic acid-nanocellulose nanocomposite film during 16 days of storage in the refrigerator was investigated. For this purpose, three edible films including polylactic acid, polylactic acid + nano cellulose, polylactic acid + nano cellulose+ Lactobacillus casei (9 log CFU/g) were prepared and the physical and mechanical characteristics of the films as well as the survival of Lactobacillus casei bacteria were investigated. The results of the mechanical test showed that the use of probiotic bacteria decreased the tensile strength and elongation at break of the polylactic acid-nanocellulose film (P < 0.05), but the addition of nanocellulose improved the mechanical properties of the polylactic acid film. The results of physical tests including humidity, solubility, water vapor permeability showed that the addition of probiotic bacteria and nanocellulose improved the physical properties of the film, but the opacity of the films increased (P<0.05). According to the results of the present study, with the increase in storage time, the survival of probiotic bacteria in the nanofilm decreased, and at the end of the storage period, its values were equal to 6.12 log CFU/g, but it was within the permissible range (6 log CFU/g).Therefore, the composition of Lactobacillus casei probiotic strain in the edible film can be its suitable carrier at refrigerator temperature
