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Aims: Urban spatial planning may be defined as the spatial planning in the geographical location of the city, based on the approach of providing the needs of inhabitants within the geographic spaces, following the recreation of the roles and functions of urban elements. By planning identity signs in urban spaces, it is meant to make the safety and security of the city sustainable. By identifying the emotional, psychological, and educational needs of citizens, visual discipline is created; by planning the identity signs of city’s index and planning the signs, vitality is created for citizens; and in completion, with city architecture, facade and urban landscape will be managed in such a way that the citizens' mental and objective needs are met. Given the role of signs in the city, the question of this study is in what situations, will signs meet the need for security and self-awareness of the inhabitants? In what situations, are vitality and beauty transmitted to the citizens and affect the city's atmosphere? Applying a descriptive-analytical method and using library studies as well as available documents, this study examined the planning of urban signs to achieve the main function of the sign.
Conclusion: Signs in urban spaces with appropriate planning can have positive effects and meet citizens' needs for self-awareness, security, education, etc. In this regard, convergence should be created among decision makers, urban managers, and culture, community, economics, politics, and geography of the urban space of citizens.

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Voltage stability may be improved by various control functions. In this paper, it is shown that how High Side Voltage Control (HIVC) may be employed for this purpose. Two test systems, namely a 22- bus and IEEE U8-bus systems are used to demonstrate the proposed tuning strategy for HSVC control parameters.

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Realism is the real expression of life. The writer of realism does not adequately observe the image of observation; it also always considers factors and social conditions. In author's critical realism, he criticizes human relations and the environment and human and society in a system.Moustafa Lotfi and Mohammad Ali Jamalzadeh are of contemporary writers which the reflection of the out facts of the life are so bright in their essays. Jamalzadeh, the contemporary Persian writer has important essays affected by critical realistic thinking and stated the facts in his own essays.  Dialect of Jamalzadeh is so simple and sometimes colloquial in his own stories. The style of his view and his analyze and his realizations from social affairs are often repetitive and the repetitions of the topics sometimes cause his stories become stereotype.

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Magic realism is referred to a new type of fiction erasure in which the writer skillfully mixes elements  such as illusion and imagination with real events,  so that the unreal  character will resemble  the  real and natural ones for the readers. Alrajaolbaeed, written by Foad Takarli, and Tuba and the Meaning of Night, written by Shahrnoush Parsipour, the Iranian contemporary novelist, are two examples of magic realism works. Since these novels are the productions of the fearful ambiance between Iraq and Iran, their writers have mixed the reality with imagination and eliminated the border in between, choosing magic realism to express their attitude. Thus, the present study borrowed an analytical-descriptive method to scrutinize the magic components in these novels. It aimed to introduce two prominent works of fiction literature of Iraq and Iran. The skill and techniques used in these novels represented concepts and purposes by combining the imaginary components with the outside realities. The finding of this research indicate that Takarli and Parsipur   have used the components of magic realism in these novels along with their imaginative power and realistic outlook to illustrated the social realities of their society. Through this passion, they have skillfully illustrated their concerns for the reader and presented these events naturally and simply.

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Adipose tissue is a loose connective tissue distributed in two main anatomic depots including subcutaneous and visceral. Since in many pathological condition and diseases associated with adipose tissue alteration, the micro-components of adipose tissue undergoes considerable changes from mechanical characteristics point of view, it is quite vital to present an accurate structural technique for modelling tissue microstructure. Accordingly, this paper presents a structural model based on adipose tissue main components and interaction between them. Adipocytes was considered as a fluidic spheres and extracellular matrix modeled as solid media. The interaction between these two different phases simulated by solving well-known fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem. In order to obtain the constitutive parameters for ECM, finite element simulation results fitted to experimental uniaxial compression test data. To make a comparison between the performances of different constitutive models, three conventional hyperelastic models were used for describing the mechanical behavior of ECM. The agreement between experimental data and simulation results confirm that the presented technique has a high potential for modeling adipose tissue microstructure both in normal and pathological condition. Considering the accuracy and mathematical complexity, results show that Yeoh hyperelastic model has a better performance than two others. In all three model, results reveals that the stiffness of adipose tissue ECM is ~ (2-3) times higher than that of the adipose tissue.

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One of the applications of composite materials in the oil and gas industry is to repair worn metal pipelines. Calculating the strain energy release rate of the first failure mode is an important criterion for testing the bond strength and predicting the failure of these types of structures. In this paper, the rate of strain energy release during crack growth in bonding a composite patch to a steel substrate is investigated. In this regard, using the theory of elastic beam first, a new method is proposed to calculate the thickness of the metal and composite for Unlike Double Cantilever Beam (UDCB). This is due to the fact that the standard for experimental test procedure of strain energy release rate (ASTM-D5528) is for symmetric double cantilever beams. In this study, samples are fabricated from composite consisting of unidirectional fiberglass/ epoxy resin with harder in the upper and steel in the lower half of the beam. After sample fabrication, the strain energy release rate of UDCB and Asymmetric Unlike Double Cantilever Beam (AUDCB) are calculated experimentally. In addition, for the separation of first and second failure modes in symmetric and asymmetric samples, finite element simulation based on the virtual crack closure technique is presented. This analysis is to qualify the accuracy of the proposed equation for the thickness of unlike beams to achieve the first failure pure mode of symmetric samples. Also, it calculates the contribution of the first and second modes of failure in the strain energy release rate of AUDCB samples.