Showing 22 results for Configuration
Volume 0, Issue 0 (2-2024)
Abstract
Tension, as one of the concepts proposed by formalist and structuralists, can lead to a structured whole in a literary work. Accordingly, the study of tension among the poetic components is of particular importance. However, it seems that despite the researches that deal with tension and its application in different texts, there is no systematic research which deals with tension and its structural factors. On the other hand, Manouchehr Atashi's poems have special features due to their stable structural framework, and a reading that can study the issue of tension and how it occurs in his poems seems necessary. Accordingly, in this research, we have tried to study tension and its structural factors in Manouchehr Atashi's poems with an analytical-descriptive analytical approach. Therefore, relying on the usual discourse, phenomenological discourse and deconstructive discourse, we deal with the tension and how it appears in Manouchehr Atashi's poems. In this way, first, by examining verses from classical literature, we explain the desired theoretical foundations, and finally, by constructivist reading, we extract tension and its constructive factors from some of Manouchehr Atashi's poems. In this study, it becomes clear that although at first glance, the elements of a literary work are not related to each other, but are in opposition to each other, but tension can be opposed to the elements in the whole unit and lead to It becomes structured as a whole. Thus, tension as a link between opposites in various forms leads to the configuration and structure of poetry.
Volume 7, Issue 3 (7-2016)
Abstract
The purpose of the present research is to investigate the formation of locative nouns in Persian which are not semantically similar in spite of their resemblance in functions. The suffix "-zâr" in Persian, for instance, indicates both the concept of location and multiplicity of something: "golzâr and lâlehzâr". The other suffixes of location, however, do not bear this semantic property. It's worth mentioning that along with the above mentioned process, two other processes of "compounding" and "derivation-compounding" are also investigated here. Thus, the authors in the present research have attempted to investigate these semantic constraints which are dominant on such suffixes, using the achievements of cognitive morphology such as categorization theory, conceptualization and configuration. Eventually, the authors attempt to introduce the cognitive potentials contributing to the formation and usage of these locative forms
Volume 10, Issue 3 (10-2020)
Abstract
Aims: Space is the core of how social and cultural events take place. Also, the relationship between activity and space is more comprehensible in the existing relationships between spaces and the relationships between audiences and social interactions than can be defined individually in the characteristics of space. This study tries to get acquainted with the graph theory and the basics of Space Syntex plugin and by explaining its mathematical relations evaluate the architecture of the Qajar period and the relationship between the companionship of spaces in a sample of Isfahan Qajar houses (Jangjouyan House)
Methods: The research method of the study is a descriptive-analytical, sci-tech anaysis with a case study strategy, for which the definitions of “Grasshopper” and” Space Syntax” are used to quantify it. The present study introduces the value of control in space, which implies the adaptability of space as one of the indicators of flexibility.
Findings: As the most permeable space, the yard has the highest ability to create spatial coherence and the highest level of control over other spaces, and on the other hand, the service spaces have the least amount of flexibility.
Conclusion: The courtyard positioning in the middle layers and its relationship with the intermediate spaces including the corridors, stairs, and partitions create a significant role for it, leading to its flexibility in the spatial configuration, while the location of yards in the primary layers in the contemporary homes has declined in its importance and this role has been transferred to other spaces.
Volume 13, Issue 4 (1-2024)
Abstract
Aims: The purpose of the current research is to analyze the configuration and spatial organization in the plan of historical schools of Islamic-Iranian architecture and compare it with new schools in terms of interconnectedness, depth (spatial influence), connection and accessibility.
Methods: The research method is descriptive-analytical with logical argumentation and deductive reasoning, as well as simulation with the use of Depth-map software. As case studies, Chaharbagh, Sadr Bazar and Sadr Khajo schools have been selected as historical educational buildings with a high arrangement and integration and uniform configuration, and Saadi and Setare Sobh schools with linear organization have been selected as contemporary educational buildings.
Findings: In Chaharbagh, Sadr Khajo and Sadr Bazar schools, they have the most spatial influence. The factor of difference in these schools is close to one which shows high spatial integration and the same configuration. We can also mention the connection between open space and education. The yard has the most access and is the heart of the configuration. After that, porches and cells have the least amount of access. In contemporary schools, the connection is less than in traditional schools. It can be seen in the combination of entrance, corridor and classroom spaces.
Conclusion: The analysis of the plans and the outlines of the schools from the past to the present shows the changing factors have a great impact on the of difference and the distance from the case study one, which indicates change in organization, the reduction of spatial integration and uneven configuration.
Amir Reza Kosari, Samane Kaviri, Behzad Moshiri, Mehdi Fakoor,
Volume 13, Issue 13 (3-2014)
Abstract
This paper presents a new method to design optimal thrusters’ configuration for geostationary satellite in order to reduce the fuel consumption and increase the control accuracy. The thrusters configuration generally contains information about thrusters fixed on the satellite body structure, including their location, orientation. One important factor playing a key role in thrusters’ configuration design is satellite force-torque analysis. The proposed configuration, however, should lead to fulfill specified attitude maneuver when the set of force and torque produced by satellite thruster system is adequate. For this purpose, two optimization methods using genetic algorithm (GA) and differential evolution (DE) has been applied to determine the optimal thrusters configuration on the communication satellite body. The cost function employed to minimize both the fuel consumption and error generated by thrusters installation and uncertainties. Moreover, this work allows applying some different constraints in the proposed formulation including minimization of the thruster plume impingement effect on the satellite outer structure and on the solar arrays and the second one is the satellite dimension and geometry. Simulation results show that DE outperforms GA in terms of accuracy and CPU time. Effectiveness of differential evolution algorithm is illustrated in the paper when compared with GA results.
Volume 14, Issue 1 (5-2014)
Abstract
Microgrids as the "building blocks of smart grids"are predicted to play a major role in the future, as they are capable of improving the technical, environmental and economic fields in large power systems. This paper proposes a new formulation for the islanded Microgrid reconfiguration in order to improve voltage stability index. The formulated problem is solved using harmony search algorithm. The increasing loadability index of microgrids in the islanding mode is more important than the index of the grid-connected mode due to its operational limitations such as reactive power generation. In addition, this paper presented an improved indicator to estimate the voltage stability margin of islanded microgrid system based on the system's operational constraints both saddle node and limited induced bifurcations, called as cat_VSIIMG. The cat_VSIIMG which is validated by verified CPF method for IMGs is called the maximum load ability margin of IMG, . Performance and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated on 33-bus test system. The results show that the implementation of appropriate IMG reconfiguration problem formulations will facilitate a successful integration of the microgrid concept in power systems.
.
Volume 14, Issue 1 (9-2022)
Abstract
In this article, the process of state-formation in the first decade of the Islamic Republic (1979-1989), based on leadership agency, has been studied. The claim of this research is that after the collapse of the previous legal order in 1979, the process of state-formation began with the focus on Ayatollah Khomeini’s agency and the duality of the executive body was established in the constitution. The question of this article is as follows: "How was Ayatollah Khomeini’s agency in the process of state-formation after the revolution in 1979?" According to the theoretical claim, this post-revolutionary state is compatible with the characteristics of a qualitative total state in which the possibility of bureaucratization, that is, the rule of law without personal interference, is minimized, and constant communication with society takes different forms. This text is methodologically based on a configurational approach in which historical data are analyzed at both case level and set relations level. Evidences show that in the first two periods of state-formation, the possibility of moving towards a democratic state with the participation of the majority of the forces involved in the revolution was greater than in later periods. After the revision of the constitution, the characteristics of a qualitative total state are complemented by the dual authority that emerges in the executive body itself.
Volume 14, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Aims: The present research aims to recognize the indices of Smart and concepts related to "Intelligence" as well as to explain its relationship with architecture. Specifically, it aims to present strategies for the convergence of the concepts of "Intelligence" and "Place" in order to achieve phenomenon of "Intelligence Place" based on its defining concepts and features.
Methods: The present research is a combination of analytical and descriptive methods based on formative foundations of concept of smartness and its influential features in architecture. After examining specialized texts, extracted concepts and fundamental relationships and various approaches are analyzed, providing a comprehensive combination to explain the "Intelligence Place".
Findings: Intelligence is an essential feature in shaping spatial quality in the present era. Three fundamental features of this concept can be expressed as formal-physical intelligence, functional-behavioral intelligence, and semantic-conceptual intelligence. If all three mentioned features occur, "Comprehensive Intelligence " is achieved, and in combination with formative features, It leads to the phenomenon of " Intelligence Place."
Conclusion: The concept of place, considering interaction of defining features and levels, which originates from a conceptual and fundamental basis in architecture on one hand, and understanding concepts of intelligent and influential factors in formation of intelligent as a variable idea in form and structures that are dynamic intelligent structures, through the stability foundation of intelligent architecture as an achievement on the other hand, is under investigation, and the most important result of the explained concepts can be considered phenomenon of " Intelligence Place."
Mohammad Ansari, Mohammad Ahmadi Ghiri, Behzad Sadeghi Hajipirloo,
Volume 14, Issue 7 (10-2014)
Abstract
This study is an experimental investigation of two-phase water-air flow in hilly-terrain duct.The inclination angles for hill and valley configuration is ±7.5o. Review of the related literature showstheir results are limited to slug regime only. In the present study, flow regime map and pressure traces are investigated. This study reveals that the possible slug flow behavior categories exist along a valley and hill configuration are four and two, respectively. In an attempt to relate the qualitative flow behavior at a valley and hill to the flow pattern maps of upstream and downstream, this qualitative classification is superimposed on flow pattern maps where obtained independently for the upstream and downstream sections. The results show, flow has different behavior in hill in compare to valley at relatively low gas flow rates. However, at higher gas velocity, difference between hill and valley behavior decreases.It can be concluded, that the effect of hill and valley behavior are similar on flow regime at relatively high gas flow rates.
Mahdi Fakoor, Marziye Taghinnezhad, Amir Reza Kosari,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2015)
Abstract
This research deals with configuration design and layout optimization of communication satellite. First, an approach is proposed to design the configuration of GEO satellite. Since propulsion subsystem in GEO satellite is the massive item, it has a significant impact on satellite configuration. Consequently, it is necessary to consider the propulsion subsystem influence on satellite configuration. Then layout design process of the satellite components which is one of the complex problems in engineering is performed. In this paper, in order to optimize the layout design of satellite components, the algorithm which consists of two stages, primary and detail layout, is proposed. In order to express geometric constraints mathematically, the Finite Circle Method (FCM) is used. For The mathematical expression of performance constraints, the distance constrains related to distance relationships between components have been developed. The hybrid optimization method is proposed to optimize layout design which is a combination of Simulated Annealing optimization and Quasi Newton methods. The optimization method validation is applied on simple test problem. Finally, the proposed algorithm for configuration and optimal layout design is implemented on communication satellite. The results show that product of inertial (objective function) are minimized and considered constrains of communication satellite are satisfied.
Volume 15, Issue 3 (11-2015)
Abstract
The cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converter is one of the viable options for large-scale power conversion. Owing to the increased number of components involved in this topology, converter reliability and fault-tolerant control are important issues. This paper proposes a new short-switch fault protection scheme and a post-fault modulation (PFM) strategy to keep the performance of a CHB converter in a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) application. The SSSC is a series converter to the transmission line, which controls the power flow in the line. Acting as a series converter, any abnormal action of SSSC can affect the whole line reliability. So following the fast fault detections and protections, remedial actions have to be considered to extend normal operation of the SSSC and, in some cases, derate the system to prevent unexpected shutdowns. The new method of short switch fault protection can eliminate the fault in the proper time, while the novel proposed PFM strategy guarantee the continuation of converter operation. This method is based on the application of increasing dc bus utilization techniques in conjunction with the phase shifted pulse width modulation method, which generates the balanced grid currents. Take the advantages of this method; the converter is able to control the transmission line power flow with the remaining healthy H-bridges. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Ebrahim Nateghi, Abdolhamid Gorji Volukola,
Volume 15, Issue 11 (1-2016)
Abstract
In multi-pass groove welding, residual stress distribution, value and associated distortion are dependent on several factors, including the welding process-dependent parameters, mechanical properties of materials and fixtures. In present study, temperature distribution of three welding processes with different geometric designs are registered by the K type thermocouple. Each of the samples contains the same thickness of stainless steel plate A316 that was welded based on welding procedure specification with gas tungsten arc welding method with groove corner joints single bevel without gap and bevel face, single and double bevel with gap and bevel face. Created residual stress on a sample was initially measured by nondestructive ultrasonic transverse waves method. After cutting the vertical part (plate without Groove), for hole drilling device installation purposes, aforementioned stress was measured by the semi-destructive hole drilling method. While for two other geometrical designs only ultrasonic method has been used to prevent parts destruction. All three aformentioned designs were modeled in Simufact.welding finite element code (FE) and results were compared with experimental temperature and residual stress measurements. The comparison shows that experimental measurements and numerical values match well with each other highlighting a reasonable validation of finite element models resutls. Current research results show that changing the geometry of the weld configuration have a significant effect on changes in the distribution and maximum value of transvers residual stress, but trivial influence on maximum longitudinal residual stress.
Mahdi Fakoor, Majid Bakhtiari, Mahshid Soleymani,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (4-2016)
Abstract
A novel approach is presented for the reconfiguration of satellite constellations based on Lambert’s theorem. The reconfiguration problem, in this article, is considered with the constraint of overall fuel cost minimization. Hence, orbital maneuvers required for the operation of reconfiguration is designed in such a way that, transferring the satellites to the desired configuration of constellation will be possible at minimal cost. Also, the introduced method of orbital transfer for implementing the reconfiguration phase of satellite constellation has no limitation on the shape and orientation of initial and target orbits such as: co-planarity, coaxiality, circularity and/or the existence of a common point. Moreover, a method is offered for modeling the cost function of reconfiguration problem in which the two important tasks of optimal orbital transfer of satellites to the target configuration of constellation and optimal assignment of each satellite to a specific terminal position or final orbit will be done in one single step. For this purpose and in order to achieving the globally optimal solution of the reconfiguration problem of constellation the hybrid PSO/GA is used. Finally, two different scenarios of reconfiguration of satellite constellation will be modeled once by the presented approach and once by considering determined positions of flight and deployment for the satellites. The obtained results indicate the superiority of the idea presented in this article.
Volume 16, Issue 3 (5-2014)
Abstract
System evaluations were performed on 48 center pivots in different parts of Saudi Arabia. These systems, located on different farms in four different regions of the country, namely: Riyadh, Jouf, Qassim and Eastern regions, were evaluated to study the effect of lateral configuration on water application uniformity as regards the original vs. modified laterals. Lateral configuration modifications have been made by the local farmers through a chang of the position of the lateral and spray nozzles from the original design. Depths of water distribution along the lateral, Coefficient of uniformity (Cu) and Distribution uniformity of the low quarter (Du) were determined and compared for the original and modified laterals under field conditions. The average values of Cu for original systems ranged between 71.81 and 89.46% with an overall average of 82.69%, whereas the average values of Cu for modified systems rangingbetween 61.35 and 84.33% with an overall average of 78.05%. Also, the values of Du ranged between 54.14 and 81.81% with an overallaverage of 73.24% for the original systems, while these values for the modified systems ranging between 31.45 and 77.07% with an overall average of 66.87%. The results finally indicated that the values of uniformity for original vs. modified laterals were significantly different indicating that there existed a noticble adverse effect of center pivot lateral configuration on the uniformity of water application.
Ali Amarloo, Ali Keshavarz, Alireza Batooei, Siamak Alizade Nia Alizade Nia,
Volume 16, Issue 10 (1-2017)
Abstract
Many variant configurations for Stirling engines have been presented. In Beta and Gamma type configurations, a displacer moves the working fluid between hot and cold sources. Whereas in the Alpha type there is no such a part and it has much simpler structure than the Beta and Gamma type. Therefore in this study, a novel configuration is introduced for Stirling engine the displacer is replaced by two pistons and cylinders. With this replacement, the new configuration can be called 3-Cylinders Gamma configuration for Stirling engine. Similar to Alpha type engine, this configuration has simpler structure and manufacturing process. For evaluation of new configuration, a simulation model of fabricated Gamma Stirling engine is prepared based on new configuration and geometry of ST-500 engine. The modeling is developed in GT-Suit software which is an industry-leading simulation tool. Maximum error between the experimental results and simulation of the new engine is about 20 percent for heat consumption and 14.7 percent for power. Thermodynamic analysis of performance parameters is done after the validation. The thermodynamic analysis results indicate that the increment of engine speed does not have appropriate effect on the performance and it led engine efficiency reduction. On the other hand by increasing the pressure and hot source temperature the engine performance improves and led higher thermal efficiency.
Mohammad Mahdi Sahebifard, Alireza Shahidi, Saeed Ziaei-Rad,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (6-2017)
Abstract
This article aims to study the effect of membrane initial configuration and the membrane spontaneous curvature (local asymmetry of layers) on the shape transformation of lipid bilayer vesicles. Since the evolutionary models are considered as a generalization to the equilibrium methods, the used model is developed based on the dynamic equilibrium between the membrane bending potential and the environmental fluid friction in each domain of two-phase vesicle. The effect of membrane inertia on the dynamics of the system is ignored. Key parameters are the size of each phase and different combinations of protein distribution as the local spontaneous curvature. Assumed initial conditions are simple shapes such as dumbbell, biconcave and oblate that free vesicles are usually visible in these shapes. Previously published experimental observations are used to evaluate the numerical results. Some situations of homogeneous and multi-phase vesicles and red blood cells under the influence of the spontaneous curvature induction mechanisms (for example the composition of the membranes, membrane proteins such as albumin, environmental solution concentration changes) are simulated and the results presented in details. The possibility of the membrane deformation and the relation of membrane phenomena with the primary form and various curvature distributions are discussed.
Mahdi Fakoor, Mohadese Ghorbani, Majid Bakhtiari,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (7-2017)
Abstract
Coverage of ground stations by satellites is a very important factor to access geographic, geotechnical and strategic information. This is generally achieved by one or more satellite with specified position and navigation. In this regard, in the area of low altitude orbits regional or global coverage of the Earth's surface is achieved utilizing various mathematical methods to change the position and arrangement of satellites. In this study, the arrangement of certain number of satellites is performed to reach maximum coverage. It is assumed that the satellite constellation is in the symmetrical Walker pattern. In this regard, taking into account the situation of user and determining the initial position of satellite in system, Geometric Dilution of Precision (GDOP) parameters are calculated utilizing a new model. The innovation in this new presented model is employing GDOP in an inverse manner. GDOP is a geometric standard that the less related values for it represents more accuracy in determining the amount of coverage. In this study the effects of compression of the earth as well as chamfer are considered. The calculations are presented for specific geographic areas and only for one day. The results show that by taking advantage of new computing model, the coverage area will dramatically increase. By organized employing of all the satellites in the constellation, with the best received Information from satellites, better coverage can be achieved.
H. Sarparast, S. Esmaeilzade Khadem, A. Ebrahimi Mamaghani,
Volume 18, Issue 9 (12-2018)
Abstract
M. Ziya-Shamami , H. Babaei , T. Mirzababaie Mostofi , H. Khodarahmi,
Volume 20, Issue 9 (9-2020)
Abstract
In this paper, the large inelastic deformation and failure mechanism of single and multi-layered circular plates under repeated uniform impulsive loading were studied. The ballistic pendulum was used to conduct a series of experiments (67 experiments) on aluminum alloy plates with different structural configurations. Three different layering configurations including single, double, and triple-layered plates made of the same material were considered and tested for the range of charge masses from 1.5g to 12.5g up to five times for repeated loading. The experimental results indicated large plastic global deformation with thinning happening at the clamped boundary and also tearing for some experiments. The results also represented that the maximum permanent deflections of plates were increased by the increase of the charge mass and the number of blast loads. On the other hand, the progressive deflection of the plates at the center was decreased exponentially with increasing the number of blasts. Furthermore, in the numerical modeling section, the Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) neural network was used to present a mathematical model based on dimensionless numbers to predict the maximum permanent deflection of single and multi-layered circular plates under repeated impulsive loading. In order to increase the prediction capability of the proposed neural network for this process, the experimental data were divided into two training and prediction sets. Good agreement between the proposed model and the corresponding experimental results is obtained and all and 77% of data points are within the <10% error range for single and multi-layered plates, respectively.
Sakineh Fotouhi, , ,
Volume 21, Issue 11 (9-2021)
Abstract
Composite structures under impact loading are prone to a variety of damage mechanisms such as delamination, fiber breakage, or matrix cracking. It is proven that the impact-induced damage mechanisms of composite materials are dependent on scaling (in-plane and out-of-plane) and layup configurations. The present study has investigated the effect of scaling and layup configurations on the failure mechanisms of composite materials under low-velocity impact force using acoustic emission, C-scan and CT-scan tools. For this purpose, four samples with quasi-isotropic configurations of [45m/0m/90m/-45m]ns were manufactured, then they were loaded and acoustic signals were recorded. The three IS, PS, and SS samples were investigated based on D62624/D6264M ASTM standard test and the R sample had half of the in-plane dimension of them. The variables m and n vary according to the design plan. The obtained acoustic emission data were analyzed using sentry function, then C-Scan and CT-scan were utilized for damages’ size and location. It was proven that scaling and layup configuration affect the type and intensity of damage mechanisms as well as mechanical behavior of the laminated composites. Furthermore, the acoustic emission method is shown as an indicator of scaling and layup configuration effects in glass/epoxy composite materials under the low-velocity impact.
