Showing 5 results for Courtyard
Volume 5, Issue 4 (2-2016)
Abstract
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2020)
Abstract
Aims: The central courtyard can play an important role in reducing energy consumption, increasing shading, enhancing the flow of passage and creating evaporative cooling in windphil buildings. This paper seeks to examine the role of central courtyard proportions in the amount of shading, radiant energy received, cooling load and natural ventilation potential.
Methods: The research method in this research is a descriptive-analytical one in which the software of Design builder 6.1.2.009, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and Ecotect 2011 were applied to investigate the effect of central yard width change on wind flow pattern, shading pattern and the amount of radiant energy received and the calculation cooling load of windphil architecture.
Findings: Comparing U-shaped quadruple buildings with a central courtyard with a fixed volume-to surface ratio, the 4-meter-wide courtyard building model is the best option. Changing the width of central courtyard from 4 to 10 meters resulted in a %13 increase in cooling load and a %10 decrease in shaded areas. However, increasing the width of the courtyard from 4 to 6 meters resulted in a speed reduction of 18.75% and a change of width from 6 to 10 meters lead to a 6% increase in flow rate.
Conclusion: Increasing the width of the central courtyard degrades the passive cooling potential of the building. As a result, a courtyard would perform as an efficient passive cooling system when its proportions are approximately 1: 2.5.
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Aims: The yard has played a much more prominent role than ever. After the changes in the structure of the community, the house and yard changed. The present study investigates these changes and the reasons for their occurrence during the contemporary period.
Methods: The data collection is a documentary.
Findings: The results of the study indicate that in the past, the yard has been an organized element to the home, an element of light and ventilation of the spaces, a connector with nature, and providing a convenient space for family comfort and celebration. But the yard’s role today is merely the space between the house and the passage, the car movement, and sometimes the small gardens to make optimal use of the remaining areas of the motorway.
Conclusion: Due to society's changing social and cultural structures, resurrecting the same way traditional courtyard for today's society is in vain. The same traditional courtyards in the new urban design where the houses are overlapped have been changed to roof gardens that need to be in sight. These changes can be attributed to the developments in the Qajar era. Given these developments, the relationships and assumptions of the world of tradition were not capable of living in the contemporary world. All in all, modern man’s environmental perceptions changed. As the most relevant space to man, the house has undergone significant changes, and the yard, one of its most important spaces, has not been immune to these changes.
Hossein Dehghani Mohamadabadi, Seyyed Abbas Yazdanfar, Aliakbar Dehghan, Abolfazl Aehghani Mohamadabadi,
Volume 16, Issue 12 (2-2017)
Abstract
In this study, hydrodynamic behavior of four-sided wind tower attached to parlor and courtyard of a scaled model form existing historical house with wind incident angel as variable was numerically investigated. Hazire-ei house wind tower, which has six channels with rectangular cross section, integrated with parlor and courtyard is considered among the most typical ones in the vernacular architecture of Yazd city. This article seeks to investigate the performance of four-sided wind tower regarding suction and supply amount of air and the way it was used as a vernacular solution for natural ventilation in order to provide engineers with design guidelines for contemporary use. Numerical study was conducted on a 1:25 scaled model and for 13 wind incident angels with 15 degrees intervals and interested parameters are mass flow rate and flow direction in each channel. A structured mesh was generated and ANSYS Fluent software was used for numerical simulation. Numerical modeling results were validated against experimental tests conducted on the same scaled model and good agreement was observed. Results indicate that in 68.5% of incident angels, four-sided wind tower acts as sucking the air out of building and in other incident angels with approximately equal amount of supply and extract rate, it operates as an air exchange unit. Accordingly it can be concluded that putting aside stack effects, four-sided wind towers in dry regions of Iran are mostly employed for heat dissipation elements rather than inducing outdoor cool breezes.
Seyyed Mohammad Reza Maleki, Behrooz Mohammad Kari, Mehdi Maerefat,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (6-2017)
Abstract
Courtyard has been recognized as one of main elements in the Iranian culture, architecture and building design. According to its micro-climate effect in improving thermal performance of building, courtyard has been considered as a considerable subject for many researches. This paper investigates the courtyard’s design parameters and geometric configurations in pre-design states for improving thermal performance and comfort. For achieving this point, in this research the influence of courtyard orientation, horizontal dimensions and other parameters related to geometry have been evaluated. Due to micro-climate effect of courtyard on parameters related to thermal comfort, three main geometric layouts such as closed, semi-closed and open geometry have been investigated and compared by CFD simulations in ENVI-met software. The thermal comfort parameters are also investigated through comparing mean PMV in all simulations cases, using Fanger’s extended model. The results showed that thermal performance of closed shaped courtyard is better than other layouts. Also the comparison of results related to different aspect ratios (length to width ratios), put into evidence that thermal performance improves as the aspect ratio gets close to 1. That means as the courtyard shape encloses to square, the thermal performance improves and the mean air temperature in the investigated microclimates declines. To determine best configuration for Tehran’s climate, the results showed north-south orientation of building and increase of the height of the courtyard, are the two most appropriate considerations that will directly improve the thermal performance and comfort, specifically in closed and semi-closed layout.
