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Monitoring is an essential and inseparable tool for every industrial automation system.  In advanced monitoring, in addition to representation of the process conditions, fast identification and removing of the faults in different critical parts of the system is indispensable. Distributed Control Systems (DCS) are an integral part of the current automation systems and hence, advanced monitoring techniques need to be effectively adapted and implemented in these control systems.  This paper presents a novel method for implementation of the advanced online monitoring on the PCS7. Model of the gas station is first developed. The effectiveness of the model is evaluated using the model data of a real gas pressure reduction station under various operating conditions. Advanced monitoring is then implemented for this station. The real-life results demonstrates that the presented method can effectively detect the system faults.

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In the present study, the effect of gas pressure and laser beam focal plane position (FPP) on the geometry and roughness of kerf quality of the injected polycarbonate with the thickness of 3.2 mm in laser cutting by using low power continuous CO2 laser is investigated. Gas pressure and FPP were variable parameters in this research, while other processing parameters (i.e. laser power and cutting speed) are considered constant. Gas pressure experiments were carried out by varying the gas pressure from 0.5 to 3.5 bars and the FPP experiments were performed in FPP= 0 to FPP= -4mm. Kerf geometry quality (upper and lower kerf width, kerf taper, upper heat affected zone) and surface roughness of the kerf wall were also considered as the responses. Results show that gas pressure and FPP has a significant effect on the kerf quality. Increasing the gas pressure and the position of the laser beam focal point increases the upper and lower kerf width. Results also reveal that upper heat affected zone value decreases by reduction in FPP and increases the gas pressure. Increasing the gas pressure will reduce the kerf taper angle and reduction in the FPP reduces the surface roughness of the kerf wall. Observations indicated that by locating the laser spot point in the depth of the workpiece the laser cutting quality increases.

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In the present study, the effect of the porous medium in natural-gas pressure regulators, on the operation and reduce the intensity of the sound produced, is studied. First, it was studied experimentally. Experiments apply for the porous medium 20 ppi (pores per inch) and 10 ppi and non-porous system. To check the validity of the results, experiments were evaluated in four different pressure upstream 20, 10, 5, and 2.5 MPa on the critical pressure ratio. Afterward, for evaluation of the flow parameters on the performance of regulators and the sound intensity level, numerical simulation of fluid flow was performed. The results show that the use of porous media for 10 ppi and 20 ppi, flow coefficient decrease, respectively 7% and 15%, and sound intensity level decrease, respectively 25 and 30 dB. The amount of porosity does not have much effect on the sound intensity. On the other hand, the results of the fluid flow simulation show that placing the porous medium in the flow direction reducing the turbulent intensity and regulating the flow. As well, it decreases the sound intensity by decreasing the maximum velocity and the vortex power.