Volume 20, Issue 6 (June 2020)
Modares Mechanical Engineering 2020, 20(6): 1601-1609 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Sanatiean A, Saghafi A, Rastegari Koupaei H. Experimental Investigation of Warm Deep Drawing Process of Eutectoid Steel. Modares Mechanical Engineering 2020; 20 (6) :1601-1609
URL: http://mme.modares.ac.ir/article-15-36369-en.html
URL: http://mme.modares.ac.ir/article-15-36369-en.html
1- Mechanical Engineering Department, Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran
2- Mechanical Engineering Department, Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran ,a.saghafi@birjandut.ac.ir
3- Materials Engineering Department, Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran
2- Mechanical Engineering Department, Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran ,
3- Materials Engineering Department, Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran
Abstract: (5220 Views)
Deep drawing process is one of the most important processes of sheet forming, which is widely used in the deformation of metal sheets in order to produce parts with complex geometry. Several studies have been carried out on some steels with good formability such as low-carbon and austenitic stainless steels. Among different types of plain carbon steels, high carbon eutectiod steels are capable to withstand cold and warm working without formation of any defect, due to their fully pearlitic microstructure without the presence of proeutectoid phases and nano-sized cementite lamella. However, no comprehensive research has been conducted on the deep drawing process of eutectoid steel. In the present research, the formability of CK75 steel sheets was experimentally evaluated using warm deep drawing process. Warm deep drawing process of the CK75 steel was studied in the temperature range near and below the eutectoid transformation temperature. The results show that deformation at 700°C (near to the eutectoid temperature) lead to the uniform distribution of thickness and less instability. On the other hand, maximum instability (e.g. thinning) was obtained by warm deformation at 550°C. At the temperature above the eutectoid transformation temperature, due to the formation of multi-phase structure and non-uniform distribution of cementite particle, the workability was reduced and led to the occurrence of rupture during deep drawing.
Keywords: Warm Deep Drawing, Eutectoid Steel, CK75, Sheet Forming, Eutectoid Transformation Temperature, Microstructure
Article Type: Original Research |
Subject:
Forming of metal sheets
Received: 2019/09/19 | Accepted: 2019/12/7 | Published: 2020/06/20
Received: 2019/09/19 | Accepted: 2019/12/7 | Published: 2020/06/20
References
1. Zhang SH, Zhang K, Xu YC, Wang ZT, Xu Y, Wang ZG. Deep-drawing of magnesium alloy sheets at warm temperatures. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2007;185(1):147-151. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.03.150]
2. Palumbo G, Sorgente D, Tricarico L, Zhang SH, Zheng WT. Numerical and experimental investigations on the effect of the heating strategy and the punch speed on the warm deep drawing of magnesium alloy AZ31. Journal of Materials Processing Technology.2007;191(1-3):342-346. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.03.095]
3. Raman Goud R, Eshwara Prasad K, Singh SK, Varghese G. Thickness distribution of extra deep drawn steel in stretch forming at elevated temperatures. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2017;4(2):827-834. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.matpr.2017.01.092]
4. Afshin E, Kadkhodayan M. An experimental investigation into the warm deep-drawing process on laminated sheets under various grain sizes. Materials & Design. 2015;87:25-35. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.061]
5. Kadkhodayan M, Afshin E. Thinning behavior of laminated sheets metal in warm deep-drawing process under various grain sizes. In proceeding of 12th International Conference on Numerical Methods in Industrial Forming Processes; 2016 May 20; France: EDP Sciences; 2016. [Link] [DOI:10.1051/matecconf/20168015001]
6. Singh SK, Mahesh K, Kumar A, Swathi M. Understanding formability of extra-deep drawing steel at elevated temperature using finite element simulation. Materials & Design. 2010;31(9):4478-4484. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.matdes.2010.04.049]
7. Rastegari H, Kermanpur A, Najafizadeh A, Porter D, Somani M. Warm deformation processing maps for the plain eutectoid steels. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2015;626:136-144. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.11.170]
8. Rastegari H, Kermanpur A, Najafizadeh A, Somani MC, Porter DA, Ghassemali E, et al. Determination of processing maps for the warm working of vanadium microalloyed eutectoid steels. Materials Science and Engineering. 2016;658:167-175. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.msea.2016.01.088]
9. ASTM E8: Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials. ASTM; 2004. [Link]
10. Takahashi T, Nagumo M. Flow stress and work-hardening of pearlitic steel. Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals. 1970;11(2):113-119. [Link] [DOI:10.2320/matertrans1960.11.113]
11. Zheng C, Li L, Yang W, Sun Z. Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of eutectoid steel with ultrafine or fine (ferrite+cementite) structure. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2014;599:16-24. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.msea.2014.01.037]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |