In this study, a laboratory mechanical cooling tower has been investigated to determine how the cooling tower operates under different conditions and to create the best possible state for maximum efficiency. First, the cooling tower characteristic is obtained using Merkel relations, which is a measure of the tower's performance. The higher the characteristic, the better the tower's performance. Then, the water temperature at different heights of the tower has been obtained, which shows that the water temperature decreases more at the top of the cooling tower. The tower characteristic has also been plotted at different points of the cooling tower, which indicates that the tower characteristic is higher at the top of the cooling tower. Then, the changes in the tower characteristic with respect to the inlet water temperature have been shown, which shows that as the inlet water temperature increases, the tower characteristic also increases. Then, the effect of the ratio of water flow rate to air flow rate on the tower characteristic is presented, which are inversely related, and finally, the tower characteristic relationship for this cooling tower has been obtained