مهندسی مکانیک مدرس

مهندسی مکانیک مدرس

طراحی و بهینه‌سازی برداشت‌کنندهٔ انرژی پیزوالکتریک آونگ‌محورِ تعبیه‌شده در پره‌های چرخ برای سامانه‌های حسگر خودتأمین تایر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
جواد فرجادی بجستانی
محمد حسین ابوالبشری
گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران
10.48311/mme.2026.119397.82983
چکیده
فناوری‌های برداشت انرژی باهدف بازیابی انرژی مکانیکی هدررفته توسعه یافته‌اند و به‌طورکلی به سه دسته پیزوالکتریک، الکترومغناطیسی و الکترواستاتیکی تقسیم می‌شوند. در میان این روش‌ها، برداشت‌کننده‌های پیزوالکتریک به دلیل سادگی ساختاری، مقیاس‌پذیری و چگالی انرژی بالا، از جذابیت ویژه‌ای برخوردارند.
در این پژوهش، یک سامانه نوین برداشت انرژی پیزوالکتریک مبتنی بر ارتعاش ارائه می‌شود که درون پره‌های چرخ خودرو یکپارچه شده و به‌منظور تأمین پیوسته انرژی موردنیاز سامانه‌های حسگر تایر خودتأمین طراحی شده است. در این طرح، یک آونگ در داخل هر پره تعبیه شده است که در حین چرخش چرخ نوسان کرده و به صفحات تعبیه‌شده در دو طرف برخورد می‌کند؛ این برخوردها موجب تحریک لایه‌های پیزوالکتریک نصب‌شده بر روی صفحات شده و انرژی ارتعاشی را به توان الکتریکی تبدیل می‌کنند.
حذف استفاده از چسب و محل قرارگیری صفحات پیزوالکتریک، در مقایسه با پیکربندی‌های متداول مبتنی بر کرنش که بر روی آستر داخلی تایر نصب می‌شوند، به طور قابل‌توجهی یکپارچگی ساختاری، دوام و ایمنی عملیاتی را بهبود می‌بخشند. معادلات حاکم حل شده و نتایج به‌دست‌آمده با تحلیل‌ اجزای محدود انجام‌شده در نرم‌افزار کامسول اعتبارسنجی شده‌اند.
پیکربندی پیشنهادی، توان خروجی متوسطی را فراهم می‌کند که نسبت به طرح‌های گزارش‌شده قبلی مبتنی بر چرخ، بین ۲ تا ۲۰٬۰۰۰ برابر بیشتر است، درحالی‌که عملکردی پایدار در بازه سرعت ۲۰ تا ۱۲۰ کیلومتر بر ساعت، موردنیاز برای کاربردهای سامانه پایش فشار تایر، حفظ می‌شود. همچنین، به‌کارگیری بهینه‌سازی مبتنی بر الگوریتم ژنتیک، عملکرد سامانه را به میزان ۸۲٫۲۷٪ بهبود داده و امکان‌پذیری این طرح را برای فناوری‌های نسل آینده تایرهای هوشمند تأیید می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
برداشت انرژی
برداشت‌کننده پیزوالکتریک مبتنی بر ضربه
مکانیزم مبتنی بر آونگ
یکپارچه‌سازی با پره‌های چرخ
سامانه پایش فشار تایر خودمختار
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Design and Optimization of a Pendulum Driven Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Embedded in Wheel Spokes for Autonomous Tire Sensor Systems

نویسندگان English

Javad Farjadi Bajestani
Mohammad Hossein Abolbashari
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده English

Energy harvesting technologies aim to recover wasted mechanical energy and are typically categorized into piezoelectric, electromagnetic, and electrostatic mechanisms. Among these, piezoelectric harvesters are particularly appealing due to their structural simplicity, scalability, and high energy density. This study presents a novel vibration-based piezoelectric energy harvesting system integrated within the spokes of a vehicle wheel to continuously supply power for autonomous tire sensor systems. The design employs a pendulum embedded inside each spoke that oscillates during wheel rotation and impacts plates on both sides, thereby exciting the piezoelectric layers mounted on them and converting vibrational energy into electrical output. Eliminating the use of adhesives and the placement of piezoelectric plates significantly improve structural integrity, durability, and operational safety compared to conventional strain based configurations mounted on the tire’s inner liner. The governing equations were solved and the results were validated against finite element analysis performed in COMSOL Multiphysics. The proposed configuration achieves average output power levels exceeding those of previously reported wheel-based designs by factors ranging from 2 to 20,000 while maintaining stable performance within the 20–120 km/h speed range required for Tire Pressure Monitoring System applications. Genetic algorithm–based optimization further enhanced the performance by 82.27%, confirming the system’s feasibility for next-generation intelligent tire technologies.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Energy harvesting
piezoelectric impact harvester
pendulum-based mechanism
wheel spoke integration
autonomous tire pressure monitoring
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مهندسی مکانیک مدرس
دوره 26، شماره 10
مهر 1405
صفحه 769-779